viction thereof, shall be fined in any sum not less than $10 nor more than $100 and the costs of prosecution.

SEC. 2. That said original section 936 of the code of ordinances of the city of Cincinnati be and the same is hereby repealed.

COLORADO SPRINGS, COLO.

Communicable Diseases-Period of Quarantine May Be Lessened to Equal That Required by State Board of Health Regulations. (Ord. Apr. 30, 1919.)

SECTION 1. In any case in which the city ordinance fixes the period of time during which quarantine shall be established and maintained, and such period exceeds the time fixed by the rules and regulations then in effect of the State Board of Health of the State of Colorado, the health officer of this city may lessen such period of time to a period of time not less than the period fixed by the rules and regulations of said State board of health.

COLUMBUS, OHIO.

Influenza-Measures for Prevention of Spread. (Reg. Bd. of H., Oct. 12, 1918.)

That by reason of the prevalence of influenza there is a threatened epidemic, and in order to prevent and control the spread of said disease, the following rules and regulations, as recommended by the State board of health, are hereby adopted:

1. All public, private, parochial schools, universities, colleges, church Sunday schools, and similar institutions shall be closed.

2. All theaters, moving picture houses and indoor places of amusement shall be closed.

3. All public and private dances in halls and hotels are prohibited. 4. All loitering about saloons, pool and billiard rooms is prohibited.

5. All street cars, factories, offices, dining rooms, and other public places which must be occupied shall be given the greatest amount of ventilation.

6. Any violation of the foregoing rules and regulations shall be punishable by a fine not exceeding $100.

7. These rules and regulations shall take effect and be in force from and after their adoption.

8. Nothing in these orders shall in any way interfere with Red Cross work or necessary war activities.

9. The mayor is requested to aid in the enforcement of these orders.

CUMBERLAND, MD.

Smallpox-Pupils Required to Be Vaccinated or Have Had Smallpox. (Reg. Bd. of H., Dec. 3, 1917.)

All principals, superintendents, teachers, or other persons in charge of public, private, parochial, or other schools within the city of Cumberland are hereby required to refuse admission to any child to the schools under their charge or supervision except upon a certificate signed by a physician or the health officer setting forth that such child has been successfully vaccinated or that it has previously had smallpox.

DAYTON, OHIO.

Rabies-Prevention-Dogs May Be Muzzled, Confined, or Quarantined by Order of Health Commissioner. (Ord. 10964, Sept. 3, 1919.)

SECTION 1. The said division of health be and is hereby empowered, whenever in the opinion of the commissioner of health it is necessary or advisable and in the interests of the public health, to make a general order directing and requiring owners of dogs within the city of Dayton to muzzle the same or to confine or quarantine them for such time and in such manner as the commissioner of health shall deem and consider to be advisable or necessary for the preservation of the public health.

SEC. 2. Whenever said commissioner of health shall deem it to be necessary or advisable in the interest of the public health to cause the dogs of the city of Dayton to be muzzled, confined, or quarantined he shall publish a general notice thereof once in at least two newspapers of the city of Dayton directing and requiring all owners of dogs to cause such dogs to be muzzled, confined, or quarantined, whichever in his judgment may be necessary or advisable; or in a case where he considers any dog to be dangerous to the community he may, by special written notice to the owner thereof, cause such dog to be muzzled, confined, quarantined, or destroyed.

SEC. 3. Whenever the commissioner of health shall cause such general notice to be given to the owners of dogs within the city of Dayton, or a special written notice to any owner of a dog within the city of Dayton, requiring the same to be muzzled, confined, quarantined, or destroyed it shall be the duty of said owner or owners to comply with the same at once in the manner specified by said commissioner in the notice referred to. Upon failure of such owner or owners to comply with said order said dog or dogs may be taken possession of by the division of health and may be either impounded at the expense of said owner or owners or destroyed if in the judgment of the commissioner of health it is in the interest of the public health that destruction shall occur, and in addition thereto said owner or owners shall be guilty of a misdemeanor, punishable upon conviction thereof with a fine of not less than $10 nor more than $25, and each day that said owner or owners fail to comply with the order made by the commissioner of health shall constitute a separate offense.

DES MOINES, IOWA.

Smallpox-Vaccination of Pupils. (Ord. Aug. 28, 1918.)

[The following ordinance was adopted under the title of "An ordinance requiring the vaccination of school children and providing for rules, regulations, and penalties for its violation." An Iowa law provided that "no ordinance shall contain more than one subject, which shall be clearly expressed in its title; *." The Supreme Court of Iowa held that the title above quoted not only failed to clearly express the subject of the ordinance but was inconsistent therewith, and that the ordinance was invalid because of noncompliance with the statute.]

SECTION 1. It shall be unlawful for any teacher or person in charge of any of the public or private schools of the city to admit therein any pupil until such pupil shall have proved to the satisfaction of the local board of health, or the person selected by it for that purpose, that such pupil has been successfully vaccinated within five years prior thereto, or within such time as the local board of health may designate.

SEC. 2. It shall be the duty of the officers of the local board of health to promulgate the necessary rules and regulations in harmony with the provisions of this ordinance, and consent is hereby given to the local board of health, and its officers, and they are hereby required to serve notice upon the teachers and other persons in charge of the public and private schools of the city requiring them to prohibit the admission therein of any pupil who has not been vaccinated or who refuses to make the showing required by this ordinance.

SEC. 3. It is hereby made the duty of the teachers and other persons in charge of the public and private schools of the city, as well as the officers of the local board of health, to carry out and enforce the provisions of this ordinance.

SEC. 4. Any person violating any of the provisions of this ordinance shall be guilty of a misdemeanor, and upon conviction thereof shall pay a fine of not more than $100, or be committed to jail for a period not exceeding 30 days.

Smallpox-Vaccination of Pupils, Teachers, and School Janitors. (Reg. Bd. of H., Sept. 5, 1918.)

1. On and after October 15, 1918, no pupil, teacher, or school janitor shall be admitted into any of the public or private schools of the city of Des Moines unless such pupil, teacher, or school janitor shall first have proven to the satisfaction of the local board of health, or the person selected by it for that purpose, that such pupil, teacher, or school janitor has been vaccinated within five years prior thereto, or unless such pupil, teacher, or school janitor come within the following exceptions:

(a) Those presenting a certificate from a physician, local board of health, or sworn statement approved by the local board of health of the city of Des Moines that they have had smallpox.

(b) Those having been successfully vaccinated within the past seven years and showing a good scar (certificate will not be required from this group of cases).

(c) Those presenting certificate based on three successive vaccinations without a take, such certificates, however, to be sufficient only for the current semester. Vaccination of all such will be required before entering succeeding semesters.

2. It is hereby made the duty of all teachers and school authorities to cooperate and aid the local board of health in the enforcement of these rules and regulations.

DETROIT, MICH.

Poliomyelitis-Notification of Cases-Incubation Period-Quarantine-Isolation-Placarding-Precautions in Care of Patients-Renovation-Return to City of Infected Persons and Exposed Children. (Reg. Bd. of H., July 18, 1917.)

Reporting.-Cases must be reported to the registrar at the board of health

office.

Incubation period.-The incubation period of the disease and the quarantine period of children under 16 years of age who have been, but no longer are, exposed to infection has been set at 14 days.

Quarantine. In all families where a case of poliomyelitis has occurred, all the children under 16 years of age (except those who have had the disease) shall be detained in the home until two weeks after the termination of the

case by death, removal, or recovery. The patient, whether at the home or ir. the hospital, shall be quarantined for four weeks from the date of the onset of the disease. No case in a hospital shall be returned home until the quarantine is ended.

If a patient is isolated at home, adults of the household may continue their vocations, providing this does not bring them into continued or intimate contact with children under 16 years of age, and providing they are not engaged in the preparation or handling of food.

Adults excluded from their regular occupations, provided they remove to and remain at a different place of residence and are well at the expiration of two weeks from the date of their last contact with the patient may resume their usual occupations.

Cases occurring in rooms connected with stores are either removed to a hospital or the store is closed and kept under surveillance by the police until the case is terminated.

In case of death, no persons except those belonging to the immediate family are allowed at the funeral services.

Placards. All premises where a case of poliomyelitis occurs shall be placarded, the only exception being hotels and boarding houses, providing the patient is at once removed to the hospital, the room or rooms immediately disinfected and no quarantined (detained) children remain upon the premises. Removal to hospital.-No case shall be left at home unless the following conditions are complied with:

(1) There must be a physician in daily attendance.

(2) The patient must have a special trained attendant who must obey quarantine regulations and must not do any housework, marketing, or perform any household duty for any other members of the family.

(3) The patient and attendant must have a room or rooms separate from the rooms of the others in the family.

(4) All windows of the room must be screened and all flies and other insects in the room killed. Cats, dogs, and other animals must be excluded from the sick room.

(5) The family must have a separate toilet for its exclusive use.

(6) The room used by the patient must be as nearly free from furniture as possible; toys and books used by the sick person must be destroyed after recovery or death. The sick room must be well aired several times daily; the floor mopped and the woodwork frequently wiped with damp cloths. As the dust of the sick room is considered to be particularly dangerous, under no circumstances must the floor be swept when it is dry. It should be sprinkled with sawdust, bits of newspapers, or tea leaves, all thoroughly moistened and then carefully swept so that no dust may arise.

(7) All discharges from the nose and throat of the patient and all articles soiled therewith shall be promptly disinfected by immersing in a 2 per cent solution of carbolic acid. This solution is prepared by dissolving 3 ounces of pure carbolic acid in 1 gallon of hot water. Discharges from the bowels should be disinfected by chloride of lime. Attendants shall wash their hands with soap and hot water promptly after handling such discharges or articles.

(8) All cloths, bed linen, and personal clothing which has come into contact in any way with the sick person should immediately be immersed in the carbolic solution before removal from the room. These should be soaked two or three hours and then may be removed from the room and boiled in water or soap suds for one-quarter of an hour.

(9) Surfaces of any kind soiled with the discharges should be immediately washed with the carbolic solution.

(10) After making applications to the throat and nose of the patient, and before eating, the hands of the attendant should be thoroughly disinfected by washing them in the carbolic solution and then in hot soap suds.

(11) After the termination of the case, the entire body of the patient should be bathed and the hair washed with hot soap suds. The patient should be dressed in clean clothes (which have not been in the sick room during the illness) and removed from the room.

(12) The attendant should also take a bath and put on clean clothes before -mingling with the family or other people.

Requirements for physicians and nurses.-Physicians and nurses, unless special covering (gowns and gloves) be worn, must use every precaution to avoid being soiled by discharges and by droplet infection from the patient, and their hands must be thoroughly cleansed with soap and hot water before leaving the premises.

Terminal renovation or disinfection.-After removal, recovery, or death of the patient complete renovation of the room or rooms occupied by the patient and attendant is required, and after the recovery of the patient isolation shall be terminated.

Return of cases to Detroit.-Cases of poliomyelitis occurring in residents of Detroit who are temporarily residing outside of the city, and developing within two weeks of the time of leaving the city, will be permited to return provided (a) a private conveyance (private car, private automobile, or ambulance) is used and (b) the patient goes direct to the municipal hospital.

Return of children who have been exposed to infantile paralysis to Detroit.— Children under 16 years of age outside of Detroit who have been exposed to infection with poliomyelitis within two weeks may return to the city under the following conditions:

(a) They must come by private conveyance and must go direct to their homes.

(b) Advance notice must be sent and authorization obtained by telephone by the local health officer. Such notice must give the name and age of each child, together with the identified address and the latest date of exposure to infection, and must be followed immediately by a written notice.

(c) Such children will be promptly visited at their homes by a board of health nurse and instructed as to the nature and duration of quarantine (detention). They must not leave the premises until two weeks have elapsed from the date of last exposure to infection.

(d) The premises will not be placarded, but the children will be visited at regular intervals and should quarantine (detention) be violated the parents or guardians will be summoned to court.

DULUTH, MINN.

Influenza-Measures for Prevention of Spread. (Ord. 1129, Oct. 11, 1918.)

SECTION 1. That as an emergency measure for the immediate preservation of public health and safety all schools, Sunday schools, churches, theaters, and all places of public and private recreation and amusement are ordered closed. SEC. 2. All meetings, assemblies, and gatherings of every kind, nature, and description, whether public or private, are hereby prohibited.

SEC. 3. Any person violating any of the provisions of this ordinance shall be guilty of a misdemeanor and shall be punished by a fine of not more than $100 or by imprisonment in the county jail or at the county work farm not exceeding 85 days or both.