SEC. 64. Milk intended for sale in Minneapolis shall be placed in sterile bottles or cans at the dairy or pasteurizing plant except that milk which is to be pasteurized may be placed in such sterile cans at the point at which it is collected for shipping.

SEC. 65. Milk or cream in bottles or cans shall not be immersed in water or given water bath so that the caps or covers come in contact with the water. The water used for cooling milk and cream shall be clean, and cans and bottles containing milk shall not be placed in the same water bath.

SEC. 66. Milk shall not be bottled or changed from its container on any delivery wagon or at any place other than the milk house at the dairy, or at the pasteurizing plant.

SEC. 67. No driver on the route or any unauthorized person shall have in his possession or use any caps for milk bottles.

SEC. 68. Milk bottles, milk caps, or other receptacles for milk shall not be used for any purpose other than containing milk. Milk bottles and cans shall be thoroughly rinsed with clean water immediately after being emptied.

SEC. 69. No milk cans or other milk containers shall be used which are rusty within or are so constructed as to be difficult to clean. Such containers shall be condemned and stamped as the department of health may require.

SEC. 70. No dirty or unwashed bottles shall be returned to a delivery man or store. Milk delivery men and stores are forbidden to receive or have in their possession dirty or unwashed milk bottles or cans.

SEC. 71. Milk bottles shall not be removed from any dwelling where communicable disease exists or has existed until permission is given by the department of health, and they shall then be handled as the department prescribes.

SEC. 72. Cans in which milk is delivered to pasteurization plants shall be thoroughly washed, sterilized, dried, and sealed, and closed for transit before. they are returned to the shipper or producer.

SEC. 73. Milk tickets shall be used but once.

SEC. 74. Pasteurization process.-Pasteurization is hereby defined as a process by which milk is rapidly heated to a temperature of not less than 142° F. and not more than 145° F., then maintained between the temperature of 142° F. and 145° F. for not less than 30 minutes and then cooled immediately to a temperature of not more than 45° F.

SEC. 75. No application for a license to operate a pasteurizing plant shall be recommended by the department of health to the city council for approval or granted by the council unless the applicant's pasteurizing apparatus is such that it will properly perform the process prescribed in section 74, and unless the plant conforms to the requirements of sections 75 to 92, inclusive.

SEC. 76. Each pasteurization plant shall be equipped with an automatic recording thermometer and controller, which shall regulate and register the temperature of the milk as it is pasteurized. The records shall be mailed to the department of health on Monday of each week. The records shall be kept in a locked chamber during the process of pasteurization and until sent to the health department.

SEC. 77. No milk shall be pasteurized a second time.

SEC. 78. Pasteurizing plant.-All pasteurization plants shall be constructed so that all rooms in which milk is handled or in which milk apparatus and utensils are washed shall have dust-proof walls and ceilings. Unless constructed of concrete, smooth brick, or tile, walls and ceilings shall be kept sufficiently painted or whitewashed a light color. The floors shall be water-tight and so graded that all drainage will flow to one or more points of drainage.

SEC. 79. All drains in the pasteurization plant shall be properly trapped and drainage when not discharged into city sewers must be drained into cesspools or septic tanks situated at least 50 feet from the building.

SEC. 80. All rooms in which milk is handled and in which milk apparatus and utensils are washed shall be adequately lighted and provided with sufficient ventilation.

SEC. 81. Doors and windows must be screened from May 1 to November 1. Screen doors shall be provided with self-closing devices.

SEC. 82. Suitable toilet facilities must be provided for the use of employees. Locker rooms or toilets shall not open directly into any room in which milk or milk utensils are handled.

SEC. 83. No cats, dogs, or other animals shall be permitted in rooms where milk is handled or stored.

SEC. 84. Rooms used for pasteurizing, eooling, bottling, and storing milk shall not be used for other purposes.

SEC. 85. An adequate supply of pure water shall be provided.

SEC. 86. All weigh cans, storage vats, mixing vats, and other apparatus shall be constructed of tinned copper or other suitable material, and all angle joints shall be smoothly soldered. They shall be provided with closely fitting metal

covers.

SEC. 87. All milk pipes and pumps shall be of sanitary construction and so arranged that they may be easily opened or taken apart for cleaning. The use of tightly closed elbow joints is prohibited. Water and steam pipes shall be kept clean and free from dirt and rust.

SEC. 88. Surface coolers, unless located in a room used only for cooling milk, shall be protected by suitable metal or glass covers.

SEC. 89. Caps for bottles shall be purchased in sterilized containers and remain protected from contamination until used.

SEC. 90. The apparatus or device used in bottling milk or capping milk bottles must be so constructed that the milk and caps used in the process will not come in contact with human hands. The apparatus or device shall be subject to the approval of the department of health.

SEC. 91. The rooms in which milk is handled and the surrounding premises shall be maintained in a clean and sanitary condition.

SEC. 92. Suitable facilities shall be provided for washing and sterilizing all apparatus, bottles, cans, and utensils, and they shall be cleaned and sterilized with live steam before each use. Pasteurizing apparatus shall be sterilized immediately before the process is begun.

SEC. 93. All persons while handling milk shall wear clean, washable outer garments. The use of tobacco, snuff, and intoxicants in the pasteurizing plant is prohibited.

SEC. 94. Penalty for violation.-Any person who shall violate any of the provisions or requirements of this ordinance shall, upon conviction thereof, before the municipal court of the city of Minneapolis, be punished by a fine of not less than $10 nor more than $100, or by imprisonment until such fine is paid not exceeding 90 days. The minimum fine for bottling milk anywhere except in a dairy or pasteurization plant shall be $25.

SEC. 95. All licenses granted under this ordinance shall be subject to revocation, as provided in chapter 4, section 16, of the city charter.

SEC. 96. Repeal of former ordinance.-The ordinance entitled "An ordinance to provide for the inspection of milk sold within the city of Minneapolis and of dairies and dairy herds kept for the production of such milk, and to prevent fraud in the sale of milk and preserve the public health and to license

and regulate the sale and disposition of milk in said city," approved September 20, 1907, is hereby repealed. Existing licenses issued thereunder shall remain in force during the time for which they were issued, but all such licensees shall comply with the provisions of this ordinance.

SEC. 97. No section or provision of this ordinance shall be held to be invalid or in any manner affected or defeated by reason of the invalidity of any other section or provision of this ordinance being adjudicated or held invalid by any court.

SEC. 98. Ordinances to take effect. This ordinance shall take effect and be in force six months after its approval and publication in the city council proceedings.

NEW YORK, N. Y.

Milk and Milk Products-Terms Defined. (Res. Bd. of H., Nov. 27, 1918.)

Resolved, That section 1 of the sanitary code be amended by adding thereto the following new subdivisions:

33. "Milk "-the whole, fresh, clean, lacteal secretion obtained by the complete milking of one or more healthy cows, properly fed and kept, excluding that obtained 15 days before and 5 days after calving, or such longer period as may be necessary to render the milk practically colostrum fee.

34. "Skimmed milk" is clean, pure, healthy, wholesome, and unadulterated milk from which substantially all milk fat has been removed.

35. “Cream” is that portion of clean, pure, healthy, wholesome, and unadulterated milk, rich in milk fat, which rises to the surface of milk on standing or is separated from it by centrifugal force.

36. "Condensed milk, evaporated milk, or concentrated milk" is the product resulting from the evaporation of a considerable portion of the water from clean, pure, healthy, wholesome, and unadulterated milk.

37. "Sweetened condensed milk, sweetened evaporated milk, or sweetened concentrated milk" is the product resulting from the evaporation of a considerable portion of water from clean, pure, healthy, wholesome, and unadulterated milk, to which sugar (sucrose) has been added.

38. "Condensed skimmed milk, evaporated skimmed milk, or concentrated skimmed milk" is the product resulting from the evaporation of a considerable portion of water from clean, pure, healthy, wholesome, and unadulterated skimmed milk.

39. "Sweetened condensed skimmed milk, evaporated condensed skimmed milk, or concentrated condensed skimmed milk" is the product resulting from the evaporation of a considerable portion of water from clean, pure, healthy, wholesome, and unadulterated skimmed milk, to which sugar (sucrose) has been added.

40. "Dried milk" is the product resulting from the removal of the water from clean, pure, healthy, wholesome, and unadulterated milk.

41. "Dried skimmed milk" is the product resulting from the removal of the water from clean, pure, healthy, wholesome, and unadulterated skimmed milk. 42. "Modified milk" is clean, pure, healthy, wholesome, and unadulterated milk, which has been changed by the addition of water, sugar of milk, or other substance intended to render the milk suitable for infant feeding.

43. "Reconstituted milk" is a product which is mechanically and exclusively made from milk solids not fat, milk fats containing all the properties of milk fats in milk, and water, in appropriate proportions and having all the recognized characteristics of milk.

44. "Reconstituted cream" is a product which is mechanically and exclusively made from milk solids not fat, milk fats containing all the properties of milk fats in milk, and water, in appropriate proportions and having all the recognized characteristics of cream.

45. "Buttermilk" is the product that remains when butter is removed from clean, pure, healthy, wholesome, and unadulterated milk or cream in the process of churning.

46. "Malted milk" is the product made by combining clean, pure, healthy, wholesome, and unadulterated milk with the liquid separated from a mash of ground barley, malt, and wheat flour, with or without the addition of sodium chloride, sodium bicarbonate, and potassium bicarbonate, in such manner as to secure the full enzymic action of the malt extract and by removing water. Unwholesome Milk and Milk Products-Possession or Sale Prohibited. (Res. Bd. of H., June 28, 1917.)

Resolved, That section 151 of the sanitary code be, and the same is hereby, amended to read as follows:

SEC. 151. Unwholesome, unclean, watered, or adulterated milk, skimmed milk and cream, and skimmed milk, cream, butter, or cheese made therefrom; possession and sale prohibited.-No persons shall have at any place where milk, skimmed milk, cream, butter, or cheese is kept for sale, or at any place sell, deliver, offer, or have for sale, or keep for use, nor shall any person bring or send to the city of New York any milk, skimmed milk, or cream which is unwholesome, unclean, watered, or adulterated, or milk known as "swill milk," or milk from cows or other animals that have been fed in whole or in part on swill, distillery waste, or any substance in a state of putrefaction, or in any way unwholesome, or milk from sick or diseased cows or other animals, or any cream, skimmed milk, butter, or cheese made from any such milk, or any unwholesome butter, or cheese.

Adulterated Milk and Cream-Possession or Sale Prohibited. (Res. Bd. of H., June 28, 1917.)

Resolved, That section 152 of the sanitary code be, and the same is hereby, amended to read as follows:

SEC. 152. Adulterated milk and cream; distribution prohibited; term “adulterated" defined.-No milk which is adulterated, reduced, or changed in any respect by the addition of water or other substance, or by the removal of cream, shall be brought into the city of New York, or held, kept, sold, or offered for sale, at any place in said city; nor shall any person or corporation keep, have, sell, or offer for sale in the said city any such milk.

No cream which is adulterated shall be brought into the city of New York or held, kept, sold, or offered for sale in said city, nor shall any person or corporation keep, have, sell, or offer for sale in said city any such cream. The term " cream shall be taken to mean that portion of milk represented in milk fat which rises to the surface of milk on standing or is separated from it by centrifugal force.

Milk or cream in the possession of or held, kept, or offered for sale by a dealer in food shall prima facia be deemed to be held, kept, and offered for sale as human food.

The term "adulterated" shall be taken to mean and include:
First. Milk containing more than 884 per cent of water or fluids.

Second. Milk containing less than 11 per cent of milk solids.

Third. Milk containing less than 8 per cent of solids not fat.
Fourth. Milk from which any part of the cream has been removed.
Fifth. Milk containing less than 3 per cent of fats.

Sixth. Cream which contains less than 18 per cent of butter fat. Seventh. Milk, or cream from milk, which has been drawn from animals within 15 days before or 5 days after parturition.

Eighth. Milk, or cream from milk, which has been drawn from animals fed on distillery waste, or any substance in a state of putrefaction, or on any unwholesome food.

Ninth. Milk, or cream from milk, which has been drawn from cows kept in a crowded or unhealthy condition.

Tenth. Milk or cream which has been diluted with water or any other fluid, or to which has been added, or into which has been introduced, any foreign substance whatever.

Eleventh. Milk or cream, the temperature of which is higher than 50° F., or which contains an excessive number of bacteria. This requirement includes "grade C milk" that has been pasteurized.

Twelfth. Milk, or cream from milk, which is produced in violation of the regulations of the board of health.

The provisions of this section shall not be applicable, however, to modified milk, held or offered for sale under permit therefor issued by the board of health, or to skimmed milk. The provisions of this section shall, however, apply to cream sold under any foreign name meaning cream, such as smeteny, crema, and rahm, and to all cream products and preparations such as homogenized products and milk curds. The provisions concerning temperature and bacterial content shall not apply to sour cream.

Adulterated Milk and Cream-Seizure and Destruction Authorized. (Res. Bd. of H., June 28, 1917.)

Resolved, That section 153 of the sanitary code be, and the same is hereby, amended to read as follows:

SEC. 153. Adulterated milk, skimmed milk, and cream; seizure and destruction authorized.-Any milk, skimmed milk, or cream found to be adulterated which has been brought into the city of New York or is held or offered for sale in said city may be seized and destroyed by any inspector or other officer of the department of health authorized to inspect the said milk or cream.

Milk and Cream-Sale-"Modified Milk" Defined.

1917.)

(Res. Bd. of H., June 28,

Resolved, That section 155 of the sanitary code be, and the same is hereby, amended to read as follows:

SEC. 155. Milk, skimmed milk, cream, condensed or concentrated milk, condensed skimmed milk, and modified milk; sale regulated; term “modified milk" defined; exception.-No milk, skimmed milk, or cream, condensed or concentrated milk, condensed skimmed milk, or modified milk shall be held, kept, offered for sale, sold, or delivered in the city of New York without a permit issued therefor by the board of health or otherwise than in accordance with the terms of sald permit and with the regulations of said board.

By the term "modified milk" is meant milk of any subdivision of the classification known as "Grade A; for infants and children," which has been changed by the addition of water, sugar of milk, or other substance intended to render the milk suitable for infant feeding.