Genetic Improvement of Field CropsOutlining successful breeding techniques to augment the yields of the world's major crops, this reference analyzes the physiological and genetic basis for past and potential future increases in crop yields.;Covering crops with wide differences in morphology, photosynthetic rates, and nitrogen metabolisms, Genetic Improvement of Field Crops: investigates the changes produced by breeders in the physiological attributes affecting wheat grain yield and nitrogen content during the last century; discusses those crop characteristics of oats that have already been altered or might be manipulated through breeding to further increase yield potential; describes several genetic factors responsible for both yield potential and stress resistance in barley; offers insights into the relationship between increases in the yield potential and stress tolerance of corn; examines the evolution of sunflower crop yields and yield stability and estimates the contribution of improved cultivars; evaluates the effects of breeding on tuber characteristics related to the crop growth and yield of the potato; elucidates the possibilities for simultaneous improvement of yield and fiber strength in cotton; and identifies the features to be considered in the development of high yielding varieties of rice for different agricultural systems.;Providing nearly 1600 key literature citations allowing further in-depth study of particular topics, Genetic Improvement of Field Crops is for plant physiologists and breeders, crop and agricultural scientists, agronomists, biochemists, geneticists, biotechnologists, microbiologists, and upper-level undergraduate and graduate students in these disciplines. |
Contents
Genetic Gains and Associated | 69 |
Progress in Barley Breeding | 95 |
Crosses and Selection Methods | 135 |
Conclusions | 159 |
Physiological Basis of the Genetic Improvement of Corn | 183 |
The Crop Canopy | 202 |
The Leaf Level | 209 |
Physiological Attributes | 237 |
Upland Cotton Yields in the United States | 333 |
Estimating Genetic and Environment Components of Yield | 335 |
Yield Compenents Responsible for Increased Lint Production | 353 |
Conclusion | 354 |
References | 357 |
Genetic Improvement and Associated Physiological Changes in the Potato | 361 |
General Improvements in Tuber Yield | 364 |
Tuber Characteristics Related to Potential Crop Growth and Yield Modified Through Plant Breeding | 367 |
Photosynthesis and Associated Traits | 243 |
1 | 244 |
43 | 275 |
73 | 281 |
Physiological Characteristics Related to Yield Improvement | 287 |
Strategies for Further Improvement | 305 |
Genetic Contributions to Yield in Cotton | 321 |
Cotton Development in the United States | 322 |
Cotton Development in Other Countries | 323 |
Development of ExtraLong Staple Cottons | 325 |
Cotton Breeding | 327 |
Importance of Fiber Quality | 329 |
Simultaneous Improvement of Yield and Fiber Strength in Cotton | 330 |
Crop Characteristics Modified by Breeding and Guidelines for Further Increases in Tuber Yield | 374 |
Concluding Remarks | 392 |
References | 393 |
Genetic Improvement in Physiological Traits of Rice Yield | 413 |
Varietal Improvement | 414 |
Relationship of Physiological Traits to Yield | 417 |
828 | 428 |
Resistance to Insect Pests | 437 |
Potential for High Yield | 444 |
References | 445 |
457 | |
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Common terms and phrases
Acala Agric Agron agronomic anthesis assimilation associated barley biomass breeders breeding programs canopy cereals chromosome clones CO₂ Conf corn hybrids correlation cotton crop growth Crop Sci Culp cultivars cultivars released drought stress dry matter accumulation duration EAPR effects efficiency environmental environments factors fertile flowering genes genetic gain genetic improvement genotypes germplasm grain yield grown harvest index high-yielding higher Hordeum vulgare hybrids International Potato Center kernel kg/ha/yr leaf area leaf area index leaf photosynthesis leaf senescence lint yield maize maturity modern cultivars molecular nitrogen assimilation nitrogen demand photosynthesis photosynthetic rate physiological Pima plant breeding plant density Plant Physiol potato Proc production protein reduced reported resistance response root seed fill seed growth rate seed number seed yield selection soil soybean species Stoneville stress tolerance studies sunflower t/ha temperature traits tuber tuber yield uptake wheat yellow dwarf yield components yield improvement yield potential