Month. Day of Year... Day of Week... Day of DECEMBER. Francis Granger born (1792); William Mahone born (1826). Siege of Quebec began (1775); Washington's farewell to George G. Vest born (1830); John S. Mosby born (1833). Robert T. Paine, jr., born (1773). William Lloyd Garrison born (1805); Zacariah Chandler born (1813); Mississippi admitted (1817); Edward Eggleston born (1837); Treaty of Peace between Spain and the United States signed (1898). Indiana admitted (1816). John Jay born (1745); William L. Marcy born (1786); Constitution ratified by Pennsylvania (1787); Battle of Fredericksburg, Va. (1862). Phillips Brooks born (1835). George Washington died (1799); Joseph Lane born (1801); John F. Hartranft born (1830); Battle of Nashville, Nathaniel Macon born (1757); Joseph Henry born (1799); Edwin McM. Stanton born (1814). Washington, D. C., founded (1790); Samuel J. Kirkwood born (1813); South Carolina seceded (1860). St. Thomas; Landing of the Pilgrims at Plymouth Rock James E. Oglethorpe born (1696); Levi Woodbury born Silas Deane born (1737); Benjamin Rush born (1745); Christmas Day; Battle of Trenton, N. J. (1776); Shay's St. Stephen; George Dewey born (1837). St. John the Evangelist; William W. Corcoran born Holy Innocents; Thomas Ewing born (1789); William E. Asa Parker born (1805); Andrew Johnson born (1808); American forces repulsed at Quebec, Montgomery killed The calculations in the astronomical tables which follow are made by Berlin H. Wright, De Land, Fla. TIDE TABLES. (From U. S. Coast Survey.) To find the time of high water for any place given in the table below apply the correction opposite the place to the times of high water for its respective port given for every day on the twelve calendar pages of this Almanac. Add the correction to time of high water when it is plus, and subtract it when it is minus. Example: To find time of high water at Rockland, Me., on January 26, 1911 Time of high water at Boston, January 26.. Correction for Rockland, Me. (see below). 9 12 p. m. -0 26 p. m. Time of high water at Rockland, Me., January 26.. 8 46 p. m. Add 6 h. (or, more exactly, one-fourth of the daily difference between two successive tides at the desired date) to this for the succeeding low water or subtract same for preceding low water, and apply 12 h. in the same way for the other high water of the same date. Corrections to times of high water] at Boston, for: Eastport, Me. West Quoddy H'd, Me Cor rection. Corrections to Conn..... Mt. Desert Nar., Me.-0 28] Middletown, Conn... Bath, Me... Gardiner, Me.. -10 17 -8 1 -7 46 -615 -6 7 -2 59 +0 28 +05 + 0 13 + 0 55 +1 4 + 911 +9 25 +1 22 +37 -011 + 0 18 + 4 59 -356 3 23 -2 38 - 0 50 +0 49 Sea Breeze, N. J.. +1 | New Castle, Del. +1 47 Wilmington, Del.. +5 1Gray's F.. S. R., Pa. +6 58 Phil., Wash ave.. +2 23 Trenton, N. J. +35 Rehoboth, Del.. +3 4 Ocean City, Md. +3 7 Cape Chas. L., Va.. +3 21 Old Point Com., Va. +3 40 Newport News, Va. +8 2 Peaersburg, Va.. Augusta, Me. +150 Richmond, Va. Portland, Me. +1 37 Yorktown, Va... Portsmouth, N. H.. +1 23 Pt. L., P. R., Md... Isles of ShoalL.,N. H. 0 201 Brooklyn. N. Y., N. Y. +0 40 Alexandria, P. R., Va Newburyport, Mass! -0 15 B'klyn Bridge, N. Y. +0 20 Wash, N. Y., D. C.. Gloucester, Mass. -0 36 E. 110th st., N. Y. C. +2 6 Crisfield. C. B., Md. Salem, Mass. 011 High Bridge, N.Y.C. +2 21 Cambridge, C.B., Md. Nahant, Mass. -0 18 Kingsbridge, N.Y.C. +0 56 Oxford, Md.. Boston Light, Mass. -0 18 Willets Point, N. Y. +3 7 Annapolis, Md.. Plymouth, Mass.... -009 Glen C.. L.1.S., N.Y. +3 6 Balt., Felis Pt., Md. Wellfleet, C.C., Mass. -0 11 Oyster B..L.I.S..N. Y. +3 6 Elkton, Md. Provincetown, Mass.-0 1 Nthpt. H..L.I.S..N.Y +3 5 Pt. Dep. S. R., Md. Siasconset, Nant'k I +0 1Trum. B., L.I.S..N.Y +2 11 Virginia Beach, Va.. Nantucket H., Mass. +0 55 Sag Har.,L.I.S..N.Y.] +2 19] Ilatteras Inlet, N.C. Edgartown, Mass. +0 44 Montauk Pt. L., N. Y.-0 1 Cape Lookout, N. C. No Mans L'd I..Mass 4 6 Bellport, N. Y....... +2 39 Beaufort, N. C..... Viney'd Hav'n, Mass +0 11 Fire Isl'd Inlet, N. Y. +0 56 Carolina Beach, N.C.0 14 Falmouth, Mass..... -18 Rockaway Inlet, N. Y.-0 35 Wilmington, N. C... Tarpaulin Cove, Mass-3 41 Coney Island, N. Y.-0 42 B'nerman's B., N.C. Cuttyhunk L., Mass. 41 Tottenville, S.I.,N.Y.] 0 21 White Hall, N. C... - 3 58 Woods Hole, Mass..-2 55 Fort Tom., S.I., N. Y.-0 23 Georgetown, S. C... +1 16 Bird Island L., Mass-3 43 Ossining, H.R., N.Y. +1 49| Bluff Pt.. W.R., S.C.+ 021 New Bedford, Mass.-3 40 Albany H. R., N. Y. +9 38 Port Royal, S. C...) +0 36 Newport, R. I... +0 10 Beaufort, S. C. Bristol, R. 1... 10 41 0 0 0 47 -15 - 0 12 +1 47 -41 + 049 + 0 53 +0 4 +0 23 -3 48 Eliz'port, N. B., N.J. -3 34 Long Branch, N. J.-0 37 Savannah, Ga. -3 21 Atlantic City, NJ.. -0 28 Warsaw Sound, Ga.. -3 23 Cape May City, N.J. -0 16 St. Andrew S., Ga.. TIME CALCULATIONS AND EXPLANATIONS OF SIGNS AND ABBREVIA. TIONS. Providence, R. I. All the calculations except the Moon's Phases, Tides and seasons are in mean local time. (See table for its conversion into Standard Time.) The Sun's rising and setting is for the upper limb and corrected for refraction. The signs used are as follows: conjunction or near approach, at which time a line from the North Star through one will also pass through the other; 8, opposition or 180° from the Sun, at which time the Superior Planets are the brightest; . quadrature or 90° from the Sun; . Sun; Earth; 9, Mercury: 9. Venus; d. Mars; 4, Jupiter; h. Saturn; Uranus; V. Neptune; 3, Moon generally; Ascending Node; U. Descending Node. Per.-Perihelion, or nearest to Sun; applied to Planets. EXPLANATION OF THE CALENDAR PAGES. Time. All the calculations in The Tribune Almanac are based upon mean or clock time unless otherwise stated. The Sun's rising and setting are for the upper limb, corrected for parallax and refraction. In the case of the Moon no correction is needed, as in the Sun, for "parallax and refraction"; with her they are of an opposite nature and just balance each other. The figures given, therefore, are for the Moon's centre on a true horizon, such as the ocean or a large plain affords. STANDARD AND LOCAL TIME TABLES. To obtain standard time take local time and add or subtract the figures given. Austin, Texas. Baltimore, Md.. Central Baton Rouge, La... Central Bismarck, N. Dak. Central Boston, Mass.... Eastern ++ | ++++ || ++ | + | | + | | | + | ++ | ++++ + 31 Louisville, Ky. Huntsville, Ala.. Central 12 St. Louis, Mo.. Central Indianapolis, Ind... Central Central Jackson, Miss.. Central 1 Superior City, Wis.. Central Syracuse, N. Y. Eastern + 21 Lexington, Ky. Central ++++++||+++++|+|+++++++ || ++|+++ | || | || 8 8 15 13 19 -14 +6 +15 + 10 +3 +10 + 4 36 15 2 +19 1 +12 26 +23 2 + 13 +29 The following is the table of times, based upon the meridian used by the United States and Canada: It is obvious that to express the time of rising and setting of the Sun and Moon in standard time would limit the usefulness of such data to the single point or place for which they were computed, while in mean time they are practically correct for places as widely separated as the width of the continent, as already explained, and persons having the mean time may easily ascertain the correct standard time of any event by making use of the table on this page. The calculations in each of the geographical divisions of each calendar page will apply with sufficient accuracy to all places in the contiguous North American zones Indicated by the headings of the divisions. This statement is based on the fact that in the same latitude, or in the same line running due east and west, the Sun and Moon rise and set at almost the same moment of local or mean time, the difference in extremes being so slight as to be of no importance for ordinary purposes, except. In the case of the Moon's rising, southing and setting, when 6m. for Pacific Coast points and 3m. for Mississippi River Valley region, including Chicago, etc., must be added, or 2m. for each hour of longitude. Map of the Standard Time Belts. The heavy dotted lines show the arbitrary divisions of time in the United States. The plus and minus marks on either side of the meridian lines show whether it is necessary to add to or subtract from the standard time of points east or west of these lines to arrive at actual, or mean local, time. See table on page 4. Standard Time. For the convenience of the railroads and business in general a standard of time was established by mutual agreement in 1888, and it is by this method of calculation that trains are now run and local time is regulated. In accordance with this system the United States extending from 65° to 125 west longitude is divided into four time sections, as shown on the map. Inside of each of these sections standard time is uniform, and the time of each section differs from that next to it by exactly one hour. If the standard time correction for any place not enumerated in the table be desired proceed as follows: Locate the place, as any one can approximately on this map, and then subdivide the hour space in which the place is until the distance in time (60m. one space) from that meridian within whose bounds the place is located is apparent. Then add or subtract the result to mean time as the sign at the top of the map indicates. Example: What will be the standard time of sunrise July 1 at Penn Yan, N. Y.? The map does not give the lines of latitude and longitude, but most people can locate their own place in its respective State on the map with sufficient correctness. By this means I locate Penn Yan at about one-eighth of the distance between the 75th and 90th meridians and within the Eastern time zone. will give 8m. to be added, or 4 34. ERAS OF TIME. The Gregorian year 1911 corresponds to the following eras: The year 1329 (nearly) of the Mahometan era, beginning January 2, 1911. year 1330 begins December 22, 1911. The year A. M. 8020 of the Greek Church, beginning January 14 (N. S.). This The The year 5771-'72 (nearly) of the Jewish era, beginning September 23, or at sunset September 22. The year 2571 (nearly) of the Japanese era, beginning January 30. The year 6624 of the Julian Period. The year 2223 of the Grecian era. The 1st day of January is the 2,419,038th day since the beginning of the Julian Period. 752 B. C. 432 B. C. DATE OF BEGINNING OF ERAS AND OTHER PERIODS. Name. Antioch, mundane...Sept. 1, 5492 B. C. Mundane, Jewish. Abraham Olympiads ..Jan. 1, 4713 B. C. Foundation of Rome. April 24, Name. Julian Year, acc. to Usher Usual Christian -Began. .Oct. 19, 46 B. C. .Jan. 1, 38 B. C. .Jan. 1, 30 B. C. .Feb. 14, 27 B. C. ..Jan. 1, 1 A. D. Sept. 1, 552 A. D. Mahometan Hegira...July 16, 622 A. D. Cæsarian, of Antioch.Sept. 1, 110 B. C. Persian of Yezdegird..June 16, 632 A. D. EXPLANATORY NOTE.-The DOMINICAL Letter or letters (two for Leap Years), or Sunday Letters, indicates the day of the year on which the first Sunday occurs, the first seven letters of the alphabet being used. Thus for 1911 the Dominical Letter is A, the first letter of the alphabet, and hence the first day of the year will be the first Sunday of the year. In Leap Years two letters are used, the first being for January and February and the latter, being the preceding letter, answers for the last ten months in order to maintain the cycle. The GOLDEN NUMBER is that number of a cycle of 19 years, which shows how many years have passed since New Moon fell on January 1, for in nearly 19 years the Solar and Lunar years nearly come together. The chief use of this cycle is in fixing the date of Easter, and in this same connection is used the EPACT. The SOLAR CYCLE is the number of years that have elapsed since the days of the week fell on the same days of the year, or when there will be, therefore, a recurrence of the Dominical or Sunday Letter. This would be the case every seven years but for Leap Year; hence, four times seven is the cycle, or 28 years. It is the remainder found by adding 9 to the year and dividing the sum by 28. The ROMAN INDICTION is a cycle of 15 years and is of no utility except to chronologers. It is the remainder found by adding 3 to the year and dividing by 15. THE JULIAN PERIOD is a cycle of 7980 years, and is the product of the three cycles-Golden Number (19), Solar Cycle (28) and Roman Indiction (15) and hence shows the time when these three cycles will coincide, or begin at the same time. The first of this cycle will be completed in the year 2267. It is the year +4713. The DIONYSIAN Period is a cycle of 532 years, and is also called the Great Paschal Cycle, being the product of a complete Soiar and Lunar Cycle (28x19). It is the remainder found by adding 457 to the year and dividing by 582, and with the Julian Period is chiefly used by chronologers. The JEWISH LUNAR CYCLE is always three less than the Golden Number, and is used by the Jews in fixing the time of their festivals. The rule for computing the Dominical Letter for any year is somewhat compllcated and for that reason is omitted here. |