Sec. 2734-q. Registration fee. No person shall teach in any public school in this state whose certificate has not been registered with the county superintendent of the county in which such school is located. [34 G. A., ch. 130; 31 G. A., ch. 122, § 17.]

Notes: 1. All licenses must be registered.

Every person holding either a state certificate, state diploma, a county certificate, a special certificate, or a certificate to teach in kindergartens, who desires to teach, in any of the public schools of this state must cause such certificate to be registered with the county superintendent of the county in which he desires to teach, no matter when the certificate is issued, whether before or since October 1, 1906. Opinion of attorney-general.

2.

Registration—when not necessary. The holder of a certificate may not be required to have the same registered unless he desires to teach under its authority.

Sec. 2734-r. Third grade certificates-when not registered. In case a sufficient number of life diplomas, state certificates, first grade certificates, special certificates and second grade certificates are held in any county to supply the schools thereof it shall not be incumbent on the county superintendent to register third grade certificates. [31 G. A., ch. 122, § 18.]

Sec. 2734-s. Special examination-provisional certificates. When a sufficient number of licensed teachers cannot be secured to fill the schools of any county, the board of examiners may, upon the request of the county superintendent, appoint a special examination for such county to be conducted in all respects as a regular examination and the answer papers to be forwarded to the president of the board as required in regular examinations, and thereupon provisional certificates may be issued by the educational board of examiners. [31 G. A., ch. 122, § 19.]

Notes: 1. Strict observance. It is recommended that county superintendents observe strictly the rules under which provisional certificates are issued. Such observance will increase the efficiency of all departments of public school work.

2. Provisional certificates-number. It is clearly the intent of the law that provisional certificates shall be "emergency certificates," and that not more than one should be issued to any person. County superintendents should not ask for these certificates except under great necessity. Only under exceptional conditions should a provisional certificate be asked for any individual the second time.

Sec. 2734-t. Certificates-where valid-revocations. All certificates provided for in this act shall be valid in any county within the state, when registered in such county, but a provisional certificate shall be valid, upon registration, only in the county in which it is issued and shall be issued for the same time and subject to the same extension as a third grade certificate, but no person shall be entitled to receive more than one provisional certificate, except upon the approval of the county superintendent. Any certificate or diploma issued by the board may be revoked for any cause which would have authorized or required a refusal to grant the same, or in case the holder thereof violates any of the provisions of this act. [31 G. A., ch. 122, § 20.]

Sec. 2734-u. Revocation of certificate-charges- trial appeal. When in the judgment of the county superintendent there is probable cause for the revocation of a certificate or diploma held by any teacher employed in his county, or when charges are preferred, supported by affidavits charging incompetency, immorality, intemperance, cruelty, or general neglect of the business of the school, the county superintendent shall within ten days transmit to such person a written statement of the charges preferred and set the time and place for the hearing of the same, at which trial the teacher shall be privileged to be present and make defense. If in the judgment of the county superintendent there is sufficient grounds for the revocation of the certificate or diploma, he shall at once issue in duplicate an order revoking the certificate or diploma, and the same shall become operative, and of full force and effect ten days after the date of its issue, one copy of the order to be mailed to the holder of the certificate and the other to be mailed to the superintendent of public instruction. Provided that the person aggrieved by such order shall have the right to appeal to the superintendent of public instruction within ten days from the date of such mailing and in case of appeal the revocation shall not be effective until the same is affirmed, after full hearing, by the superintendent of public instruction. Provided further, that in the case of life diplomas or state certificates of whatever class, the revocation shall not be effective until affirmed by the educational board of examiners after full review by said board. [31 G. A., ch. 122, § 21.]

Sec. 2734-v. List of persons holding certificates and attending normal institutes. The county superintendent shall annually, on the first Monday of September, file with the president of the educational board of examiners a list of all persons who for the preceding year have held certificates and have attended the normal institute, with the number of days attendance of each. A similar report of summer school attendance shall be secured by the president of the board. In any subsequent examination or renewal the board may give such credit for institute or summer school attendance as it may determine, any rule adopted to apply equally to all similar cases. [31 G. A., ch. 122, § 22.]

Sec. 2738. Normal institutes-adjournment of schools-attendance -lectures-funds-reports-summer schools-fees. That the law as it appears in section twenty-seven hundred thirty-eight, supplement to the code, 1907, as amended by chapter one hundred thirty of the acts of the thirty-fourth general assembly, be and the same is hereby repealed and the following enacted in lieu thereof:

The county superintendent shall hold annually at least one, but not more than two, county teachers' institutes at such times as the schools of the county are generally in session; and shall, with the concurrence of the superintendent of public instruction, procure such assistance as may be necessary to conduct the same.

The school board of every school district except in city independent school districts where twenty-five or more teachers are regularly em

ployed, shall adjourn the school or schools of said district for not less than two days in each school year in order to allow teachers to attend county teachers' institutes held in the county, without loss of salary. The county superintendent shall issue a certificate of attendance to each teacher showing number of days of attendance at said institute, and any teacher failing to attend said teachers' institute two days shall forfeit his or her average daily salary for each day of non-attendance, except when excused by the county superintendent for physical disability to perform his or her duties in the school room.

In city independent districts where twenty-five or more teachers are regularly employed, the county superintendent shall co-operate with the city superintendent in arranging for educational lectures relating to the professional work of the teacher and to such matters of public education as may best meet the needs of the teachers in such districts and at such times as may be approved by the city superintendent and city board of education, in so far as the condition of the county institute fund shall permit. All arrangements concerning plans for professional teachers' meetings in said city districts shall be subject to final approval by the superintendent of public instruction. It shall be the duty of teachers in said districts to attend said lectures and the county superintendent shall issue a certificate of attendance showing number of lectures attended as provided by this act.

To defray the expenses of said teachers' institutes, in addition to the fifty dollars received annually from the state and one half of all examination fees collected in the county, one hundred fifty dollars from the general county fund shall be available for that purpose in counties having a population of thirty thousand or less, which amount shall be appropriated by the board of supervisors of such county at their January session in each year, and in counties of over thirty thousand, two hundred dollars shall be thus appropriated for such purpose.

No part of the county teachers' institute fund received from the aforesaid sources may be used for any other purpose than to pay instructors, for special supplies needed in order to properly conduct said teachers' institutes, for janitor service, and rent for building in which to conduct said institute if necessary.

On the first secular day of each month, the county superintendent shall transmit to the county treasurer all moneys received for examination fees and the state appropriation for institutes, which, together with the county appropriation, shall be designated as the county teachers' institute fund; he shall also report monthly the names of all applicants for teachers' certificates to the county auditor. All disbursements of the institute fund shall be by warrants drawn by the county auditor, who shall draw said warrants upon the written order of the county superintendent, and said written order must be accompanied by an itemized bill for services rendered or expenses incurred in connection with the institute, which bill must be signed and sworn to by the party in whose favor the order is made and must be verified by the county superintendent. All said orders and bills shall be kept on file in the

auditor's office until the final settlement of the county superintendent with the board of supervisors at the close of his term of office. No warrant shall be drawn by the auditor in excess of [the] institute fund then in the county treasury. The county superintendent shall furnish to the county board of supervisors a certified itemized account of the receipts and disbursements of all moneys collected and paid out by him for teachers' institutes and summer schools, which account they shall examine, audit and publish a summary thereof with the proceedings of the regular June meeting of the board. The county superintendent shall report to the board of supervisors on the first of January annually a summary of his official financial transactions for the previous year.

County superintendents are hereby authorized by law to conduct from four to six weeks summer school where it may be deemed advisable, for the purpose of giving teachers and prospective teachers academic instruction. A fee shall be collected from each attendant sufficient in the aggregate to meet all necessary expenses for the support of said summer school. The fee so collected shall be paid into the county institute fund and a list of the names of all attendants shall be filed with the county auditor. Warrants for the purpose of paying instructors employed in summer schools shall be drawn by the county auditor, who shall draw said warrant upon written order of the county superintendent, and said written order must be accompanied by a certified itemized bill for services rendered or expenses incurred in connection with said summer school, but no warrant shall be issued in excess of the fees received from the summer school and deposited with the county treasurer. This act shall not take effect until July first, nineteen hundred fourteen. [35 G. A., ch. 225, § 2; 34 G. A., ch. 130, § 11; 30 G. A., ch. 113; 29 G. A., ch. 123, § 1; 27 G. A., ch. 87, § 1; 17 G. A., ch. 54; 15 G. A., ch. 57; C. '73, § 1769.]

Notes: 1. Time. The normal institute must be held when the public schools are generally in session. Section 2773 provides that no school may be in session during a teachers' institute, except by written permission of the county superintendent.

2. Plans. County superintendent will determine the time and place, and suggest the names of conductor and instructors for approval.

3. Value. If the proper means are employed, the normal institute can be rendered invaluable to teachers. Young and inexperienced teachers should not expect to receive certificates, except of the lowest grade, without regularly attending the normal institute. The benefits to be received should secure voluntary and general attendance.

4. Faculty. A conductor of successful experience in institute work, able to give plain, practical instruction in methods of school organization, government and teaching, should be secured early. The other instructors should be superior teachers of recent experience.

5. Ability should be established. County superintendents should have sufficient evidence of the abilities of their instructors before engaging them. In all cases where strangers are employed, references should be required, and inquiries made at the state department will frequently secure the proper knowledge.

6. Director. The superintendent may be director, assuming the general oversight and direction of the institute. He may receive no part of the institute fund in payment for such service.

7. Purpose. These normal institutes are short inspirational schools, their object being to reach and correct the greatest defect found in the schools. The superintendent, in visiting schools, should seek to discover the most prominent defects and wants in the methods of instruction. normal institute will afford effective means of reaching and correcting these faults. The great object is to instruct teachers how to teach children.

The

8. Lecturers, apparatus. In normal institutes, efficient and earnest instructors should be employed. Charts and other appliances should be amply provided. Physicians and scientists may be invited to lecture, and teachers should be exhorted to be sincere, fearless and faithful in the discharge of their duty.

9. Reports to treasurer. The reports and payments to the county treasurer should be made the first of each month, and at the end of the institute. 10. Settlement with supervisors. It is the duty of the board of supervisors to settle with the county superintendent, at the close of his term of office, as with other county officers, according to the provisions of the law. 11. Examination fee. The examination fee is in every case one dollar. Section 2734-p.

Sec. 2739. Reports. The county superintendent shall annually, on the last Tuesday in August, make a report to the superintendent of public instruction, giving a full abstract of the several reports made to him by the secretaries and treasurers of school boards, stating the manner in and extent to which the requirements of the law regarding instruction in physiology and hygiene are observed, and such other matters as he may be directed by the state superintendent to include therein, or he may think important in showing the actual condition of the schools in his county. At the same time, he shall file with the county auditor a statement of the number of persons of school age in each school township, and independent district in the county. He shall also report, as provided by law, to the superintendent of the college for the blind, the name, age, residence and postoffice address of every person, resident of the county, so blind as to be unable to acquire an education in the common schools; to the superintendent of the institution for the deaf and dumb, with the same detail, all persons of school age whose faculties in respect to hearing or speaking are so deficient as to prevent them from acquiring an education in such schools; and to the institution for the feeble-minded, all persons of like age who, because of mental defects, are entitled to admission therein. [31 G. A., ch. 136, § 1; 21 G. A., ch. 1, § 2; C. '73; §§ 1772, 1775; R., § 2071.]

Notes: 1. Blanks. The blanks for the annual report of the county superintendent, together with instructions for making the report, are furnished by the superintendent of public instruction. The blanks for the reports to the different institutions should be furnished by the superintendents in charge of such institutions.

2. Tests. The superintendent should test the accuracy of the treasurers' reports by consulting the books of the county treasurer. The amount of the several funds reported received from the district tax, also the amount received from the semi-annual apportionments, must agree with the county treasurer's receipts.