other advantages arising from this mode of construction. The blasts of air from the fans, shut in by the canvas tube, impel the straw along the carriers, and greatly aid in its discharge. It is unnecessary to change the position of the thresher as the wind veers, for the fan blasts are sufficient to carry out the straw against a head wind.

The shoe has an end shake, whereby the side rack or vibration of the machine is avoided and space is gained for the introduction of larger sieves than are commonly used with the same length of cylinder, so that the work of separating and cleaning the grain is more thoroughly performed. The grain and screening boxes are placed nearly under the center of the body of the machine, and the contents of each may be drawn off from either side at pleasure. The separator carrier is of novel construction, and is constantly discharging what falls through its meshes, so that it does not fill up and clog.

The feed tables are hinged to the machine, and are folded up in compact form when not in use. With all its attachments and advantages, it has a less number of pulleys, and requires

upon the sieves of any grain which may have been drawn in by the fan, and driven out and discharged with the straw at the end of the stacker. Thus is closed up a broad avenue through which so many workmen with threshers have been conducted to disease and death. There are

less belting than other thrashers, and will perform a given amount of work with less power than is commonly required. As a whole it is a light, compact machine; easily transported; quickly set up for work, or prepared for moving when its work is performed; does its-work thoroughly, without waste of time, and conduces much to the comfort and health of its opera

tors.

The inventor and patentee of this machine is S. E. Oviatt, of Richfield, Summit county, O.; and the thrasher, exhibited at the State Fair, was manufactured by Hawkins. & Howe, of Akron.

STEEL-TOOTH HORSE-RAKE.

The horse-rake, to which the first premium was awarded at the Ohio State Fair in 1863, is also manufactured by Hawkins & Howe, at Akron, Ohio. The leading features of the rake may be observed in the cut. The teeth are made of spring-steel and are hinged upon a rod, above the axle, in such a manner as to allow each tooth to raise and fall independent of every other. The points of the teeth are turned up so as to slide over the ground, and not tear it, as a harrow. The teeth can adjust themselves to the inequalities of the ground, and neither tear up the sod upon the hummocks, nor leave a part of

their work unperformed. The hay and grain gathered by it are as free from dust and dirt as if the work had been done by hand. The teeth are made long, and shaped to carry the hay instead of rolling it over the ground. In operating the rake, when a stone or stub is struck by a tooth, the tooth raises, and straightens sufficiently to pass over it, and immediately springs back into place. Cleaner fingers are so attached that when the teeth are raised the fingers move downward and clear the hay from the teeth. The teeth are raised by a lever placed at the right hand of the operator. A boy or girl, twelve years of age, can operate the rake; and on very many farms the owners could pay for a rake of this description, out of what they might save by its use, in a single season.

This new feed-cutter, to which the first premium was awarded at the Ohio State Fair in 1863,

was patented by Horace R. Hawkins, Nov. 20th, 1860, and Aug. 27th, 1861; and is manufactured by Hawkins & Howe, Akron, Ohio. This feed-cutter has a single, plain, straight knife, attached to a crooked knife lever, one end of which is connected with the driving wheel, and the other is supported by a right-angled rocking shaft, placed nearly over the center of the mouth of the cutter-box. Three strokes are made at each revolution of the hand-crank. The stroke of the knife is wholly made while the driving wheel is performing one-third of a revolation; and that part of the revolution is used, which the force of gravitation would cause the wheel to pass through, were it placed at rest with the knife commencing to cut. The knife makes its cut with both a shearing and a drawing stroke. A strong pressure is exerted upon the knife, in the latter part of the stroke, through the lower part of the right-angled shaft, as it is brought to a perpendicular with the line of draft. The horizontal part of the rightangled shaft, which supports one end of the knife lever, is placed between two pivots, or hookbolts, by means of which the knife can be adjusted to and from the mouth of the box. The cutter-box, for convenience, is made in two parts, one of which is removable at pleasure. The other part, faced with hardened steel, rests upon set bolts, by means of which the box can be raised-the knife remaining stationary-to compensate for the wear of the knife. The heavy driving wheel is hung low, and the feed-cutter is kept in position by two screw bolts passing through the foot-pieces, so that the knife may be driven rapidly without injury. This feedcutter is strong and durable, not likely to get out of repair, and is adapted to the cutting of all kinds of feed. Hand, power and combined (hand or power) feed-cutters, as described, are made by the manufacturers above named.

This is an improved Rack, intended to take the place of the box on carts and wagons when they are used for carrying hay, straw, and unthreshed grain. It has two bed pieces, which rest upon the bolsters. Into these are morticed three or four pair of arms. Each pair are so connected by a bolt, placed at an equal distance from the bed pieces, as to allow them, when the side boards are removed, to be folded together. The side boards are held firmly in their places by staples, which slip over and clasp the upper ends of the arms. Two staples, driven in the under side of the bed pieces, support a cross-bar, upon which, and the bolsters, the bottom boards rest. A standard (not shown in the cut) is secured in place by two staples in the forward end of each bed piece. This is a strong, light, and durable hay rack; holds its load securely; is easily constructed, and readily handled by one man, and can be stored away in a small space when the season for its use is over. It was patented by Horace R. Hawkins, of Akron, Ohio, July 10th, 1869.

HUTCHINSON'S FAMILY WINE AND CIDER MILL, WITH PRESS COMBINED. The machine combined, except the curb, is made wholly of iron. The parts that come in contact with the fruit and juice are prepared by a patent process, so that they will not affect it. The rest is handsomely painted and varnished. It occupies less than two feet square space on the floor, weighs less than one hundred and sixty pounds, easily handled and worked by one man. For simplicity, compactness, strength, economy of power, and quality of work, challenges comparison. It is at once the machine so greatly needed, and should be owned by every farmer, gardener, fruit-grower, and in fact every family that may have apples for cider, grapes, currants, berries, or other fruits or plants for wines, jellies, etc.; for pressing lard, wool for packing, etc., etc. It forms also an excellent and convenient cheese press. It should be found in the hands of every family of small means; is indispensable with the true economist; a rare novelty with the man of wealth, who is only independent with it.

A large number of the mills have been sold, all of which, without an exception, give perfect satisfaction.

The mill and press complete, and adapted to all the purposes stated, costs but eighteen dollars, delivered at place of manufacture.

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WESTERN EMPIRE SEPARATOR AND GENERAL SEED CLEANER.

PATENTED DEC. 3, 1861, BY A. HIGLEY.

Manufactured by W. H. Hull & Co., Warren, O.

This machine cleans and separates all kinds of grain and seeds that vary either in size, hape or weight; will clean flaxseed to perfection-making it into one or two qualities, as desired; No. 1 being perfect for seed. Taking a compound of wheat, oats, cockle, chess, grass seed, straw, sticks, etc., once passing through the mill cleans and separates all the

different kinds-each one passing out by itself, and at the same time making the wheat into one, two, or three qualities, as desired-No. 1 being perfectly clean; it also cleans all rye from number one wheat, making it pure for seed.

This machine is simple in its construction; is not liable to get out of order; is durable; runs easy, and cleans very fast.