Taking the whole period from 1890 to 1912 into consideration, we find that the increase in insane population in the hospitals was 111.5 per cent, compared with 59.8 per cent in the general population of the State of New York. The State census of 1905 gave the population of the State as 8,067,308. The insane patients in the civil State hospitals in the same year numbered 25,518. Comparing these numbers with those for 1912, we find that the increase in general population has been 18.9 per cent, and in insane population, 23.9 per cent.

The ratio of insane in the civil hospitals of New York State to the population of the State shows that

In 1890 there were 249 insane for each 100,000 of population. In 1900 there were 304 insane for each 100,000 of population. In 1910 there were 334 insane for each 100,000 of population. In 1912 (estimated) 329.7 insane for each 100,000 of population.

If we include in the calculation all the insane in New York State in State hospitals and private institutions together with the criminal insane we have the following:

In 1890 there were 266.6 insane for each 100,000 of population.

In 1900 there were 327.1 insane for each 100,000 of population.

In 1910 there were 358.3 insane for each 100,000 of population.

In 1912 (estimated) 354.2 insane for each 100,000 of population.

It is however but fair to state that it is believed that a more stable ratio of the insane to the population is becoming general as decreases in ratio have been observed in several states while in others for a number of years the increase has become much less marked.

On September 30, 1913, the total number of insane in the New York civil hospitals was 32,599, which was 975 more than the total hospital population of September 30, 1912. The per cent of increase from 1910 to 1912 was 3.9; the per cent of increase from 1912 to 1913 was 3.08.

This ratio of increase of the insane in the State hospitals, since

1905, and particularly in 1912, has doubtless been largely de-
creased by the activity of the State Board of Alienists (now the
Bureau of Deportation under the State Hospital Commission) in
deporting and repatriating the alien insane and in returning to
their homes in other states the nonresident insane.

The following table shows the work of this board since 1904:

Number of Aliens Deported and Repatriated and Nonresidents

Returned, 1905-1912

Thus through the work of the State Board of Alienists during

the years from 1905 to 1912, 3,999 insane aliens were deported

or repatriated to other countries and 1,472 insane nonresidents

returned to their homes in other states; a total of 5,471 insane

persons removed from the State. In addition to these during the

years 1905-08, inclusive, the State Commission in Lunacy

(now the State Hospital Commission), removed from the State a

number of aliens and nonresidents, directly through the individual

hospitals without the aid of the State Board of Alienists, as

follows:

Combining these totals with those of the State Board of Alienists we have a grand total for the years 1905-12, inclusive, of 4,439 aliens deported and repatriated and 1,821 nonresidents returned, making altogether 6,260 insane persons removed from the State.

Chart C is a graphic representation of the yearly increase in aliens removed together with the resultant saving to the State. (See also page 44.)

For the year ending September 30, 1913, the work of the Bureau of Deportation was as follows:

It is apparent from the foregoing that the Bureau of Deportation sent from this State 306 less aliens in 1913 than in 1912, of which the chief loss, 266, was in the repatriates, and returned to other states 95 less nonresidents, a total of 401, or 22.8 per cent less in 1913 than in 1912.

Of the 1913 total of 1,352 aliens and nonresidents 986 had already become public charges in the various State hospitals, while the remaining 366 were removed from the psychopathic