Enamels and Enamelling

AN INTRODUCTION TO THE PREPARATION AND APPLICATION
OF ALL KINDS OF ENAMELS FOR TECHNICAL AND

ARTISTIC PURPOSES

FOR ENAMEL MAKERS, WORKERS IN GOLD AND SILVER

AND MANUFACTURERS OF OBJECTS OF ART

PAUL RANDAU

二

TECHNICAL CHEMIST

TRANSLATED FROM THE GERMAN BY

CHARLES SALTER

WITH SIXTEEN ILLUSTRATIONS

LIBRARY

OF THE

UNIVERSITY

IFORNIA
LONDON:

SCOTT, GREENWOOD AND CO.

**Decorators* Gazette and Plumbers Review ** Offices
19 LUDGATE HILL, E. C.

1900

[The exclusive right of translation rests with the above firm}

D. VAN NOSTRAND COMPANY,

NEW YORK.

GENERAL

PREFACE.

As in all other branches of industry founded on a chemical basis, a number of novelties have arisen in connection with enamel-making during the past few years. It would at the first glance appear advisable to have included these novelties, on an extensive scale, in revising the present work for this third (German) edition; but, as novelty is not always synonymous with improvement, the author has preferred to restrict himself to such of the said novelties as have proved reliable when tested, his principal desire being to maintain conciseness and brevity in dealing with his materials: qualities indispensable to a book intended to act as a useful adviser to the practical

man.

There are two questions of great importance to the enamel manufacturer. One concerns the means whereby the consumption of fuel may be reduced to a minimum; the other relates to the decoration of white enamel articles. Both these points have been considered on an extended scale in the present edition, and the practical man will be able to form a sound opinion on the nature of the case from the information given.

Having received gratifying testimony from many experts as to the reliable advice on the preparation

and use of enamels afforded in the earlier editions, the author has not greatly altered the arrangement and treatment of the different sections in revising the present edition, the additions he considered necessary being mainly confined to methods of firing and to the decoration of the finished enamelled ware; and he trusts that the new edition will meet the same favourable reception as already accorded to the work. Any information relating to novelties in the domain of the enamel industry will be thankfully received and utilised for the common weal in preparing a future edition.

PAUL RANDAU.

TABLE OF CONTENTS.

PAGE

PREFACE

I. INTRODUCTION

II. THE COMPOSITION AND PROPERTIES OF GLASS

III. RAW MATERIALS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF ENAMELS

Fundamental Materials

iii