AVERAGE AND CLASSIFIED NOMINAL FULL-TIME WORKING HOURS PER WEEK AND AVERAGE AND CLASSIFIED RATES OF WAGES PER HOUR IN EACH OF THE PRINCIPAL OCCUPATIONS IN COTTON-GOODS MANUFACTURING, 1907 TO 1912-Contd.

AVERAGE AND CLASSIFIED NOMINAL FULL-TIME WORKING HOURS PER WEEK AND AVERAGE AND CLASSIFIED RATES OF WAGES PER HOUR IN EACH OF THE PRINCIPAL OCCUPATIONS IN COTTON-GOODS MANUFACTURING, 1907 TO 1912Concluded.

AVERAGE AND CLASSIFIED NOMINAL FULL-TIME WORKING HOURS PER WEEK AND AVERAGE AND CLASSIFIED RATES OF WAGES PER HOUR IN EACH OF THE PRINCIPAL OCCUPATIONS IN COTTON-GOODS FINISHING, 1911 AND 1912.

[Under each occupation the establishments set opposite each bracketed group of years are identical.]

EXPLANATION OF SCOPE AND METHOD.

This report on the cotton-goods industry includes establishments manufacturing cambrics, chambrays, checks, converters' goods, colored goods, combed goods, cotton flannel, crepe, damask, denims, drills, foulardines, ginghams, lawns, madras, napped fabrics, organdies, percales, print cloths, sateens, sheetings, shirtings, stripes, tickings, twills, etc. Mills making mixed cotton and silk goods are not included. All of the establishments from which data were secured during the later years of the period both spin and weave. The textile directory for 1912 shows 520 establishments manufacturing exclusively the type of goods above indicated and doing both spinning and weaving, and the present report includes data from establishments in which are located 33 per cent of the spindles and 33 per cent of the looms in establishments engaged in the exclusive manufacture of such cotton goods and doing both spinning and weaving.

This report also includes data for 1911 and 1912 from 19 establishments engaged exclusively in finishing cotton goods and data for employees engaged in finishing cotton goods from 11 establishments which finish cotton goods in connection with manufacturing.

The number of establishments for which data concerning rates of wages per hour and nominal full-time hours of work per week were secured has varied considerably during the 23-year period, as follows: Cotton-goods manufacturing:

In order that the data from year to year may be entirely comparable, it is necessary that information be secured from identical establishments; therefore when in 1912 the number of establishments was increased to 88, the Bureau secured data for 1911 also from all establishments added, thus providing for an exact comparison of the two years 1911 and 1912.

All information included in this report was secured from pay rolls of the various establishments by agents of the Bureau of Labor Statistics.

In selecting the establishments from which to secure data for cottongoods manufacturing the Bureau undertook to represent all States in which cotton-goods manufacturing and finishing is of material importance, the measure of importance being the number of employees

as reported by the United States Census of Manufactures, 1905. In selecting establishments in 1912 every State having 5,500 or more employees in the industry, according to the United States Census of Manufactures in 1905, is represented. The table which follows shows, by States, the number of employees in the cotton-goods manufacturing industry, as reported by the United States Census Office for 1910 and 1905; the total number on the pay roll in the establishments from which the Bureau secured data in 1912; and the number in the selected occupations and for whom data were secured in 1912. Data were secured from the pay roll ending nearest May 15, except for two or three establishments for which the data are for the latter half of May.

The census figures for 1910 were not available at the time the work for 1911 and 1912 was planned, and therefore the establishments selected, as already stated, were distributed by States according to the census of 1905. The relative importance of the various States, as measured by the number of employees in this industry, changed somewhat during the five years from 1905 to 1910; thus North Carolina ranked second in 1910 and third in 1905, and Maine ranked seventh in 1910 and ninth in 1905.

TOTAL NUMBER OF EMPLOYEES IN COTTON-GOODS MANUFACTURING AND NUMBER OF EMPLOYEES IN ESTABLISHMENTS FROM WHICH DATA WERE SECURED IN 1912.

1 Hours of pieceworkers not a matter of record in most establishments causes small representation. * Includes States having less than 6,500 employees in 1910 and less than 5,500 in 1905.

According to both the census of 1905 and the census of 1910 more than 92 per cent of the total number of employees in the industry are found in the States in which the establishments furnishing information to the Bureau of Labor Statistics are located.