CONTENTS Department of Labor, Hon. W. W. Husband, Second Assistant Secretary Department of Agriculture, Hon. W. M. Jardine Department of Interior, George C. Kreutzer, director of reclamation 172 180 183 16, 119 Bailey, J. C., vice president, Holly Sugar Co., Colorado Springs, Colo- 135 Brite, L. C., president American National Livestock Association, Dowell, Edward H., vice president California State Federation of Labor; member of city council, San Diego; secretary of San Diego County Federated Trades, San Diego - Gallagher, Col. T. G., vice president and general manager Conti- nental Sugar Co., and the Holland-St. Louis Sugar Co., Toledo, Garner, Hon. John N., Representative in Congress from the State Hardison, A. C., representing California State Grange and Farmers Union, member of board of directors of Limoneira Co. and vice president-manager, Hardison Ranch Co., vice president Santa Paula Citrus Fruit Association; Santa Paula, Ventura County, Husband, Hon. W. W. Kendrick, Hon. John B., Senator from the State of Wyoming.. Lassiter, Ed. P., representing American National Livestock Associa- McInnis, E. E., general solicitor Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe Rail- Shattuck, Hon. Hubert L., representing Denver Chamber of Com- merce, chairman of the agricultural and livestock development Sheppard, Hon. Morris. 191 Smith, R. H., representing South Texas Chamber of Commerce, Corpus 111 Taylor, Ralph H., executive secretary agricultural legislative com- 72 Walker, E. J., representing Arizona Cotton Growers' Association Warren, Hon. Francis E., Senator from the State of Wyoming_ Waterman, Hon. Charles W., Senator from the State of Colorado.. III RESTRICTION OF WESTERN HEMISPHERE IMMIGRATION WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 1, 1928 UNITED STATES SENATE, COMMITTEE ON IMMIGRATION, Washington, D. C. The committee met, pursuant to call, at 2 o'clock, p. m., in the committee room, Capitol. Senator William J. Harris presiding. Present: Senators Johnson, Keyes, Willis, Reed, Gould, Harris, Blease, and Stephens. (The committee proceeded to the consideration of the following bills, which are here printed in full, as follows:) [S. 1296, Seventieth Congress, first session] A BILL To amend the immigration act of 1924 Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That the quota limitations on the admission of immigrants provided in the immigration act of 1924, "An act to limit the immigration of aliens into the United States, and for other purposes," shall, after sixty days from the approval of this act, apply to immigrants from the independent countries of the continents of North, Central, and South America in like manner as provided for immigrants who are natives of other countries. SEC. 2. So much of said act of 1924 as is inconsistent with this act is hereby repealed. [S. 1437, Seventieth Congress, first session] A BILL To subject certain immigrants born in countries of the Western Hemisphere to the quota under the immigration laws Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That subdivision (c) of section 4 of the immigration act of 1924, as amended (which enumerates certain countries, immigrants born in which are defined to be nonquota immigrants "), is hereby repealed. 66 SEC. 2. (a) So much of subdivision (c) of section 11 of such act, as amended, as reads "except the geographical areas specified in subdivision (c) of section 4" is hereby repealed. (b) So much of subdivision (d) of such section as reads "(1) immigrants from the geographical areas specified in subdivision (c) of section 4 or their descendants," is hereby repealed. SEC. 3. This act shall take effect July 1, 1928. 1 (By subsequent direction of the chairman of the committee the following bills are inserted in the record:) [S. 3019, Seventieth Congress; first session] A BILL To amend the immigration laws, and for other purposes Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, NUMERICAL LIMITATIONS-QUOTAS SECTION 1. (a) Section 11 of the immigration act of 1924, approved May 26, 1924, as amended, is amended to read as follows: "SEC. 11. (a) 1) The percentage quota of any nationality (except as provided in paragraph (2) of this subdivision) shall be 2 per centum of the number of foreign-born' individuals of such nationality resident in continental United States as determined by the United States census of 1890, but the minimum percentage-quota of any such nationality shall be one hundred. "(2) The percentage quota of each of the Dominion of Canada, Newfoundland, the Republic of Mexico, the Republic of Cuba, the Republic of Haiti, the Dominican Republic, the Canal Zone, and the independent countries of Central and South America, shall be 10 per centum of the number of foreign-born individuals of such nationality resident in continental United States as determined by the United States census of 1890, but the minimum percentage quota of any such nationality shall be two thousand. "(b) The national origin quota of any nationality shall be a number which bears the same ratio to one hundred and fifty thousand as the number of inhabitants in continental United States in 1920 having that national origin (ascertained as hereinafter provided in this section) bears to the number of inhabitants in continental United States in 1920, but the minimum national origin quota of any nationality shall be one hundred. No national origin quotas shall be determined in respect of any of the geographical areas specified in paragraph (2) of subdivision (a) of this section. "(c) For the purpose of subdivision (b) of this section national origin shall be ascertained by determining as nearly as may be, in respect to each geographical area which under section 12 is to be treated as a separate country (except the geographical areas specified in paragraph (2) of subdivision (a) of this section) the number of inhabitants in continental United States in 1920 whose origin by birth or ancestry is attributable to such geographical area. Such determination shall not be made by tracing the ancestors or descendants of particular individuals, but shall be based upon statistics of immigration and emigration, together with rates of increase of population as shown by successive decennially United States censuses, and such other data as may be found to be reliable. The determination provided for in this subdivision shall be made by the Secretary of State, the Secretary of Commerce, and the Secretary of Labor, jointly. In making such determination such officials may call for information and expert assistance from the Bureau of the Census. "(d) For the purpose of subdivisions (b) and (c) of this section the term 'inhabitants in continental United States in 1920' does not include (1) immigrants from the geographical areas specified in paragraph (2) of subdivision (a) of this section or their descendants, (2) aliens ineligible to citizenship or their descendants, (3) the descendants of slave immigrants, or (4) the descendants of American aborigines. "(e) In any fiscal year for which national origin quotas proclaimed under subdivision (f) of this section are in effect, the quota for any nationality (except the nationalties specified in paragraph (2) of subdivision (a) of this section) for such fiscal year shall be its national origin quota or its percentage quota, whichever is greater. The quota for any fiscal year of each of the nationalities specified in paragraph (2) of subdivision (a) of this section shall be the percentage quota. If for any reason national origin quotas are not in effect for any fiscal year, the quota of any nationality for such year shall be the percentage quota. "(f) The Secretary of State, the Secretary of Commerce, and the Secretary of Labor, jointly, shall report annually to the President, in respect of each nationality, (1) the percentage quota, (2) the national origin quota, and (3) the quota as determined under subdivision (e) of this section, together with any statements, estimates, and revisions provided for in section 12. The President shall proclaim and make known the quotas so reported. The first proclamation of national origin quotas shall be made on or before April 1, 1928. If the proclamation is not made on or before such date national origin quotas proclaimed therein shall not be in effect for any fiscal year beginning before the expiration of ninety days after the date of the proclamation. After the making of a proclamation under this subdivision the quotas proclaimed therein shall be final and conclusive as to the respective quotas except (1) in so far as it is made to appear to the satisfaction of such officials and proclaimed by the President that an error of fact has occurred in the determination or in the proclamation, or (2) in the case provided for in subdivision (c) of section 12. "(g) In making the report to the President under subdivision (f) of this section such officials shall not, except in the case specified in subdivision (c) of section 12, revise the quotas in effect for the fiscal year next preceding that in respect of which the proclamation is made; and if the proclamation of the President is not made more than ninety days before the beginning of the fiscal year for which the quotas contained in such proclamation are to be in effect, the quotas for the preceding fiscal year shall continue in effect through the fiscal year in respect of which such proclamation is made. "(h) There shall be issued to quota immigrants of any nationality (1) no more immigration visas in any fiscal year than the quota, as determined under subdivision (e) of this section, for such nationality, and (2) in any calendar month of any fiscal year no more immigration visas than 10 per centum of the quota for such nationality, except that if such quota is less than three hundred the number to be issued in any calendar month shall be prescribed by the Commissioner General, with the approval of the Secretary of Labor, but the total number to be issued during the fiscal year shall not be in excess of the quota for such nationality. "(i) Nothing in this act shall prevent the issuance (without increasing the total number of immigration visas which may be issued) of an immigration visa to an immigrant as a quota immigrant even though he is a nonquota immigrant." (b) Subdivisions (d) and (e) of section 12 of such act, as amended, are repealed. IMMIGRATION VISAS TO FAMILIES AS UNITS SEC. 2. (a) The first sentence of subdivision (c) of section 2 of such act, as amended, is amended to read as follows: "The validity of an immigration visa shall expire at the end of such period, specified in the immigration visa, not exceeding four months (except as provided in subdivision (f) of this section), as shall be by regulations prescribed." (b) Subdivision (f) of such section is amended by adding at the end thereof the following: "No immigration visa shall be issued to an immigrant unless such visas are also issued to his wife and unmarried minor children under eighteen years of age, if any. The immigration visas issued to the wife and minor children shall be valid for the period of one year after the date of issuance, but the Commissioner General of Immigration, with the approval of the Secretary of Labor, may extend such time for a period not in excess of one year; except that in no event shall the immigration visas issued to the wife and minor children be valid beyond the expiration of the period of validity of the immigration visa issued to such immigrant, if he is not within such period admitted to the United States." STUDENTS SEC. 3. (a) Section 3 of such act, as amended, is amended by striking out "and" before" (6) " and inserting after "navigation" a comma and the following: "and (7) an immigrant who is a bona fide student at least fifteen years of age and who seeks to enter the United States solely for the purpose of study at an accredited school, college, academy, seminary, or university, particularly designated by him and approved by the Secretary of Labor, which shall have agreed to report to the Secretary of Labor the termination of attendance of each immigrant student, and if any such institution of learning fails to make such reports promptly the approval shall be withdrawn." (b) Subdivision (e) of section 4 of such act, as amended, is repealed. (c) Subdivision (c) of section 13 of such act, as amended, is amended by striking out "(b), (d), or (e)," and inserting in lieu thereof "(b) or (d)". |