383. When General officers, or officers entitled to a salute, pass in rear of a guard, it does not salute, but stands at a carry, facing to the front.-[Regs. 1863, ¶ 248.]

384. All guards turn out under arms when armed parties approach their posts, and to parties commanded by commissioned officers they present arms, the officers saluting.—[Regs. 1863, ¶ 250; Inf. Tactics.]

385. The National or regimental colors passing a guard are saluted, the trumpets or field-music sounding a march.-[Regs. 1863, ¶ 247.]

386. In the day-time, when the sentinel before the guard sees the officer of the day approach, he will call-" Turn out the guard! officer of the day." The guard will be paraded, and salute with presented arms.-[Regs. 1863, ¶ 426.]

387. The guard of a camp or garrison turns out and presents arms to the commander of the camp or garrison whenever he approaches its post.-[Regs. 1663, ¶ 243; G. Q. 9, 1875.]

388. All guards and sentinels will pay the same compliments to the officers of the Navy, Marines, Volunteers, and Militia, in the service of the United States, as are directed to be paid to the officers of the Army, according to their relative ranks.- Regs. 1863, ¶ 252.]

389. Between reveille and retreat, sentinels (not in sentryboxes), armed with the sabre, will salute all officers by presenting sabre; if armed with the rifle or carbine, they will, under similar conditions, present arms to general and field officers, to the commanding officer of the post, and to the officer of the day, and will give all other officers the Sergeants' salute prescribed in tactics.— [Regs. 1863, ¶ 420; Inf. Tactics, ¶ 112.]

390. When a sentry in a sentry-box sees an officer approaching, he will stand at attention, except during the time of challenging at night, and if armed with a rifle or carbine, will salute as the officer passes, by bringing the left hand briskly to his piece as high as the right shoulder.-[Regs. 1863, ¶ 421.]

391. Guards do not turn out as a matter of compliment after sunset, nor will any compliments be paid by the guard except as prescribed for grand rounds between retreat and reveille.-[Regs. 1863, ¶¶ 251, 423.]

392. Between retreat and reveille, except when challenging, a sentinel (not in a sentry-box) will, when an officer approaches, face outward from his post, and stand steadily at a carry until the officer has passed.-[Regs. 1863, ¶ 423.]

ACCOUNTABILITY FOR PROPERTY USED FOR POLICE.

393. Articles of camp and garrison equipage needed for strictly post or camp purposes and police, such as flags, spades, shovels, buck-saws, axes, hatchets, pickaxes, and brooms, will be issued by the Post Quartermaster on special requisitions of the officer of

the day, or of the guard, approved by the commander of the post. These articles will be receipted for by the officer making the requisition, and dropped from the Quartermaster's returns. Articles other than those herein enumerated are to be accounted for like other public property. Bucks or saw-horses, for use with the saws, will be made out of material at the post, without expense to the Government.-[G. O. 73, 1870; G. O. 11 and 48, 1879; G. O. 19, 1880.] 394. The articles so obtained for use of the post will be duly entered, by the officer who draws them, on the Guard Report, under the head "Articles in charge." They are to be carried on the same, and daily receipted for by the successive officers of the day, or of the guard, until no longer fit for use, when they will be submitted for inspection, and, if condemned, disposed of as ordered. -[G. O. 73, 1870.]

395. An officer who receipts for property under the head of "Articles in charge" on the Guard Report, is not required to render returns thereof. He is relieved from all accountability for it by the receipt of his successor.-[G. O. 73, 1870.]

ARTICLE XXXIV.

WORKING-PARTIES AND EXTRA-DUTY PAY.

396. Although the necessities of the service may require soldiers to be ordered on working-parties as a duty, commanding officers are to bear in mind that fitness for military service by instruction and discipline is the object for which the Army is kept on foot, and that they are not to employ the troops when not in the field, and especially the mounted troops, in labors that interfere with their military duties and exercises, except in case of immediate necessity, which shall be forthwith reported for the orders of the War Department.-[Regs. 1863, ¶ 910.]

397. Extra-duty men should attend the weekly and monthly inspections of their companies, and, if possible, one drill in every week.-[Regs. 1863, ¶ 906.]

398. The officer commanding a working-party will conform to the directions and plans of the Engineer or other officer directing the work, without regard to rank.-[Regs. 1863, ¶ 908.]

399. Non-commissioned officers and soldiers employed under section 1287, Revised Statutes, are to be mustered as extra-duty men. Commanding officers will see that no man is paid as an overseer or mechanic who is not actually employed as such, and no soldier shall be rated at the higher pay except by their order.—[ Regs. 1863, 902; G. O. 79, 1866.]

400. Soldiers will not be employed as extra-duty men for any labor in camp or garrison which can properly be performed by fatigue parties.-[ Regs. 1863, ¶ 904.]

401. No extra-duty men, except those required for the or

dinary service of the Quartermaster, Commissary, and Medical Departments, will be employed without previous authority from Department Headquarters, except in case of necessity, which shall be promptly reported to the Department Commander.-[Regs. 1863, ¶ 905.]

402. Private soldiers employed in hospitals as cooks and nurses continuously for a period exceeding ten days will be paid the lowest rate of extra-duty pay, by the Paymaster, on the hospital musterrolls.-[Regs. 1863, 907; War Dept., Feb. 15, 1872.]

403. Enlisted men of the Ordnance and Engineer Departments, Hospital Stewards, and Ordnance and Commissary Sergeants, are not to receive extra-duty pay, unless under special authority of the Secretary of War.-[G. O. 26, 1870.]

404. Company artificers, farriers, blacksmiths, and wagoners receive no extra pay except when detailed on extra duty in the Quartermaster's Department wholly disconnected with their companies.-[G. O. 26, 1870; War Dept., Nov. 1, 1872, and June 29, 1874.]

*

*

*

*

*

*

408. No extra-duty pay will be paid to any enlisted men employed as clerks except in the manner authorized by the Regulations.-[War Dept., Feb. 20, 1867, and Nov. 10, 1871.]

409. Soldiers employed as scouts are not to be paid extra-duty pay, it being a military duty to which they are liable.-[2d Comp. Treas.]

410. A prisoner undergoing sentence is not to receive extra-duty pay.-[War Dept., Mar. 24, 1874.]

411. Enlisted men being liable to perform guard and other military duty, are entitled to extra pay when employed on extra duty more than ten days in a month, though the employment may not have been continuous.-[2d Comp. Treas., Mar. 10, 1871.]

*

*

*

*

*

413. Men on extra-duty pay will be held to such hours as may be expedient and necessary; but except in case of urgent public necessity, as in military operations, when they must work regardless of hours, not more than ten hours' labor should be required. But when more than eight hours' work is required in any one civil day, the soldier rendering the service will be paid for more than a day's labor, in proportion to the time actually employed.— [G. O. 46, 1868; G. O. 25 and 53, 1877.]

*

*

*

*

*

INSTRUCTION IN TORPEDO SERVICE.

474. When the number of subaltern officers absent from any of the Artillery regiments does not exceed eleven, the commanding officer of such regiment is authorized, with the approval of the Department Commander, to order one subaltern to Willet's Point, New York, each year, to serve six full months, to receive instruction in torpedo service.-[G. O. 65, 1880.]

LIGHT ARTILLERY BATTERIES.

475. For the purpose of diffusing instruction, the Lieutenants of the five Artillery regiments will be passed through the School of Light Artillery in their respective regiments, so that no Lieutenant will be in that School more than two years at any one tour.

From this rule may be excepted Lieutenants in command of companies the Captains of which are indefinitely absent, Adjutants, Regimental Quartermasters, together with such others as from accidental causes may be unable to ride.—[G. O. 14, Hdqrs. Army, 1849.]

476. If a vacancy happen in the grade of Captain of a battery designated as a light battery under section 1101, Revised Statutes, it will be filled by the order of the Secretary of War, on the recommendation of the Colonel, who will name the Captain best qualified for the service.-[G. O. 12, 1849.]

477. Every battery of Artillery actually armed and equipped as a battery of Horse Artillery or a light battery, and serving as such, will be allowed, for annual practice, as many blank cartridges and friction-primers for instruction and drill as may be deemed necessary by the battery commander and approved by the post commander. Such batteries will also be permitted to expend in target practice, annually, twenty-five projectiles for each gun of the command.-[G. O. 94, 1877.]

478. Commanders of light batteries will keep registers of their practice, noting range, accuracy of aim, &c.-[Regs. 1863, ¶ 65.] 479. Commanders of all regiments are enjoined to avail themselves of every opportunity of instructing both officers and men in the exercise and management of Field Artillery.-[Regs. 1863, ¶ 75.]

ARTICLE XXXIX.

SMALL-ARM PRACTICE.

480. Ammunition can only be expended in action; in defense of life or public property; in target practice or hunting, as provided in paragraphs 481, 484, 490; in the instruction of recruits; for authorized salutes, and for the subsistence of scouts and other civil employés when they are obliged to rely on their arms to sustain life.-G. O. 95, 1877.]

481. The Army will be allowed at the rate of twenty ball-cartridges per man per month for target practice, and in the Cavalry service this number will be divided between the carbine and revolver, at the discretion of the commanding officer.-[G. O. 95, 1877.]

*

*

*

*

*

*

484. When not expended in target practice, the ammunition may, in the discretion of the post commander, be expended in hunting. This allowance need not be expended in each month, but may accumulate, not longer, however, than to the end of the fiscal year, and thus be used under the most favorable circumstances. That unexpended at the end of the fiscal year (June 30) will be no longer available.-[G.O. 95, 1877.] *

*

*

*

*

*

489. Guards on being relieved should not necessarily discharge their pieces, but will withdraw the cartridges and replace them in the box.-G. O. 103, 1874.]

490. On the frontier, where hunting for large game is practicable, the men will be encouraged to hunt; and, for this purpose, Captains of companies may sell cartridges to their men in limited quantities, according to the supply on hand, and will account for the sales and the money received with their quarterly returns of ordnance.-[G. O. 103, 1874.]

ARTICLE XL.

THE ROSTER, HOURS OF SERVICE, AND ROLL-CALLS.

THE ROSTER, OR DETAILS FOR SERVICE.

491. The following rules in regard to the roster apply to service both in garrison and in the field:

All details of service should be by roster, but officers or enlisted men, when detailed, must serve whether roster be kept or not; having performed the service, they may appeal to superior authority if they deem themselves aggrieved.—[Regs. 1863, ¶ 572; Gen. of Army, June 17, 1870.]

492. The duties performed by detail are of three classes:

The first class comprises-1st, grand guards and outposts; 2d,