The lands purchased in 1860 by the promoters Stoughton, Babcock, and Harvey, consisted of one hundred ninety-three and nine-tenths acres and cost $19,298.79.22 Harvey sold his one-third interest in all the lands purchased to Stoughton and Babcock on September 11, 1861, for an amount not mentioned in the records. About one hundred and ten acres were platted and laid off in town lots-the number was approximately six hundred and twenty-four as shown on the plat. On five and seventy-five hundredths acres, including besides alleys, twelve lots, a seminary was constructed and to these grounds there were added later between four and five acres.

The cost to Champaign county of buildings, grounds, farms, and bonds given to the state for the location of the Illinois industrial university was as follows:

Seminary building and grounds, about eight acres, $40,000;23 the Busey farm of four hundred and five and twelvehundredths acres $28,700;24 the Griggs farm of four hundred acres $22,000;25 an additional farm-one hundred sixty acres near Cemetery, $14,510;26 fruit and other trees from M. L. Dunlap $2,000.27 Champaign county bonds $100,000,28 making the total paid by the county for the above items $207,210. The Illinois Central gave $50,000 in freight, the cash value of which was estimated by the legislative committee at $35,000. The total cash value of all items given to the state by Champaign county was $242,210, the same being estimated by the legislative committee in 1867 at $285,000 and estimated by the Champaign

634.

Shown in three deeds, recorded in Book R, pp. 549, 550, 23Deed made April 25, 1867, Book 9, p. 173 and filed May 10, 1867. 24S. H. Busey to the trustees of the industrial university, Book 10, p. 25, 26.

"Clark R. Griggs to the board of trustees, May 10, 1867, Book 7, p. 305. Four deeds: Jesse and Henry Clements of Ohio, April 26, 1867, filed fifty-three and thirteen twentieths acres; Morris Burt, May 10, 1867, filed seven acres in Book 9, page 170; Albert G. Carle, May 10, 1867, filed eighty acres in Book 9, p. 171; Jesse Burt, May 10, 1867, filed twenty-one acres in Book 9, p. 172.

"Reported in the proceedings of the supervisors' meetings, September 18, 1867, p. 548.

"Voted April 10, 1867; in proceedings of the supervisors' meetings, p. 513.

county committee in its report included in the law of February 28, 1867, at $450,000.

There came to the treasury of Champaign county one hundred and forty-seven lots, the residue of those unsold and turned over to Champaign county by Stoughton and Babcock in May, 1867.29 A local newspaper of the time estimated them as being worth $50,000. As lots were actually selling in this addition during these years as shown from the record that estimate was about double their value. Of the other four hundred and seventyseven lots that had been laid off a few-perhaps twenty-fourhad been included in the seminary grounds, some had gone with shares to stockholders, the great bulk of them had been sold by Stoughton and Babcock during the years 1860 to 1867. The records show that many sold from $50 to $250 a lot. Apparently 80 acres of the original one hundred ninety-three and ninetenths acres were not platted and undoubtedly were sold separately.

Above is shown what Champaign county actually paid for the property it gave the state. What did the county, township, cities, and citizens actually appropriate for the purpose of obtaining the industrial university?

From a careful comparison of records and reports the following seem to be certain: appropriated by the county supervisors in December, 1864, $5,000, October, 1865, $100,000, April 10, 1867, $100,000, a total of $205,000; appropriated by the townships of Urbana and Champaign in March 1867, $45,000 of which amount only $30,878.99 was spent ;30 appropriated by the councils

20See deed of Stoughton and Babcock to N. M. Clark, trustee for the county, Book 9, p 152. the plot being in Book Y, p. 208.

30 The items for which the $30,878.99 was spent are given in a report signed by Thomas Cosgrove, W. D. Somers and C. A. Morehouse. Many of these, perhaps all, can be verified from the records of the township of Urbana and Champaign. It does not appear from this record for what purposes the $12,500 borrowed from D. Garner & Co. and $3,000 borrowed from banks were expended. This committee reported to the supervisors on April 23, 1867, that these borrowed sums were expended "judicially and cautiously'' for the location of the university.

"Cash paid: To W. Campbell, for land $5,300, Jesse Burt, for land $2,210, Morris Burt, for land $1,000, National Bank, for money and interest as per note $1,047.78, D. Gardner & Co. money and interest as per note $1,047.78, Exchange Bank, for money and interest as per note $1,045.83, D.

of the twin cities in December, 1866, Champaign $300 and Urbana $200, making a total of $500; donated by the citizens of Champaign, April, 1867, $2,000 and of Urbana $1,000, making a total of $3,000, while the total amount spent was $239,378.39. The conclusion seems to be from the records found that Champaign county and citizens of same contributed $239,378.39 and that Champaign county paid in cash for property given the state $207,210 leaving the amount used for other purposes at $32,168.39. Of this latter amount the county paid out to local men for services rendered, for printing and other incidental expenses some $13,536, leaving about $16,789, spent for purposes not mentioned. Apparently it was this sum of $32,168.39 which the county had available to aid in securing the location of the university, that was called the "corruption" fund by the opponents of Champaign county. They estimated it, as has been noted, at from $29,000 to $40,000. C. R. Griggs, Champaign's representative, who very likely knew more about this than any other man of the time, said they had $40,000 to use in securing the location of the university, for which amount they were not required to give account. It is possible more was used-secured by subscription or otherwise-for these particular purposes than the $32,168.39 that the records show. The records do not show that any of it was used in an illegal manner.

Not in justification of any act, or methods of wrong doing, if any such were employed, but rather as an explanation it should be said that honesty at this period was largely a matter of personal not public conscience. Many honest citizens commended, Gardner, loaned $12,500, D. Gardner, for interest on same $412, Shannon & Johnson, livery hire $10, Phillips, for livery hire $10, Ermentrout & Alexander per order of Somers $10, W. D. Somers, for services rendered $500, B. R. Morehouse, for services rendered $100, T. R. Webber for services rendered $300, J. O. Cunningham for services rendered $100, L. A. McLean for services rendered $100, G. W. Flynn for services rendered $100, O. O. Alexander for services rendered $50, O. O. Alexander paid for abstracts $40, F. G. Jacques, for services rendered $50, W. H. Somers for services rendered $50, Thomas J. Smith for services rendered $50, T. A. Cosgrove for services rendered $500, J. W. Scroggs for services rendered $500, M. L. Dunlap for services rendered $500, G. W. Flynn, for printing $0.60, expenses negotiating bonds east $185, discount on bonds $900, retained for B. Burroughs, services rendered $100, retained for John S. Busey for services rendered $100, M. L. Dunlap for trees $2,000.

no doubt, shrewd manipulations and so-called "cautious and judicious" use of money that secured advantages for themselves or their community. There is no desire, probably, at home or abroad to make the transactions of those years appear worse than they were.

Rightly or wrongly, intentionally or unintentionally, a most unfortunate result immediately followed the act locating the industrial university. This result was the alienation of the organized agriculturists of the state, led, as has been noted frequently, by Turner, Reynolds, Galusha, Pennell and others. How great was this misfortune and how far reaching in its consequences will be shown in succeeding chapters.

CHAPTER XI

THE ILLINOIS INDUSTRIAL UNIVERSITY

ORGANIZES FOR WORK

Two utterly dissimilar groups of men had now done their work for the industrial university. The first, with Jonathan B. Turner at the head, had fought valiantly and intelligently for an idea; the second, with Clark R. Griggs at the head, had fought dauntlessly and shrewdly for a political plum. The Turner group felt when the industrial university fell into the hands of the Griggs group which secured its location, that its work had been lost, that the fund which would have meant so much for the education of the industrial classes would be dissipated. The university now passed on to the tender mercies of a third groupthe first board of trustees, with the first regent of the university, John Milton Gregory, at its head.

To the industrial men, it was cause for foreboding that many members of the newly appointed board of trustees belonged to a particular religious denomination and especially disastrous that the regent, or president, was a minister of that denomination. The reason for this attitude is found in a statement made by Turner to the Bloomington convention of 1860, to the effect that to place a clergyman at the head of an agricultural college would be as serious a blunder as to place General Scott with his vivid heaven-and-hell-searching vocabulary at the head of a theological seminary. And now this very thing had come to pass in Illinois. It had happened, too, not by accident or coincidence but "by ways that were dark and by tricks" more or less "vain."

1

According to law, the board of trustees, consisted of one trustee from each congressional district, thirteen in all, and five from each one of the three grand judicial divisions of the state. After appointment by the governor, it was noted that the members displayed remarkable unanimity upon one pointthe denomination of their religion. A considerable proportion

'Chicago Weekly Times, June 27, 1860.