One hundred and fifty-eight cases of trachoma were reported during the month of January, 1915, as the result of a special investigation of the schools in and adjacent to the Pottawatomie Reservation, in Jackson County, Kans. The investigation included the city schools of Holton. The medical officer of the Indian Service on the Blackfoot Indian Reservation, Mont., reported that there were many cases of trachoma there.

TUBERCULOSIS.

The highest rates for tuberculosis were reported in Mississippi, New York, and New Jersey, and the lowest fatality rates in Mississippi, Maryland, and Indiana, so that it would appear probable that the most complete reports of cases of this disease are being obtained in these five States.

Of the cities of over 100,000 population the highest case rates were reported in Newark, N. J., Los Angeles, Cal., and Albany, N. Y., with rates of 5.44, 5.27, and 4.45, respectively, per 1,000 population. On the other hand, the greatest numbers of cases reported in proportion to the numbers of deaths registered were in Camden and Newark, N. J., and New Haven, Conn.

Of the cities of less than 100,000 population the highest case rates were reported in Elmira, N. Y., Warren, Ohio, and Lebanon, Pa., with rates of 10.65, 10.02, and 6.17, respectively, per 1,000 population.

TYPHOID FEVER.

Typhoid fever, while one of the diseases most readily controlled and possible of absolute prevention, is one of the most common in the United States. It is a disease as regards which there has always been considerable trouble in getting cases reported. However, the States which seem to have been most successful in getting reports are Mississippi, Virginia, and Utah, the records of which give case rates of 3.24, 1.82, and 1.61, respectively, per 1,000 population. The lowest fatality rates that is, the greatest proportion of reported cases as compared with registered deaths-were in the States of Utah, Mississippi, and Maryland, with rates of 9.7, 10.1, and 10.6 per 100 cases, respectively.

In the cities of over 100,000 population the highest case rates were in Nashville, Tenn., Birmingham, Ala., and Reading, Pa., with recorded rates of 2.99, 2.63, and 2.23, respectively, per 1,000 population. The lowest fatality rates were in New Bedford and Worcester, Mass., and Salt Lake City, Utah, with rates of 7.8, 8, and 9.1, respectively, per 100 cases.

In the cities of less than 100,000 population the highest case rates were reported in Logansport, Ind., Dunkirk, N. Y., and North Tonawanda, N. Y., with case rates of 9.27, 7.80, and 7.66, respectively, per 1,000 inhabitants. The lowest fatality rates were reported in Warren, Pa., Kearny, N. J., and Cambridge, Ohio, with rates of 1.5, 2.4, and 2.9, respectively, per 100 cases.

10435°-1521

TYPHUS FEVER.

Cases of typhus fever have been discovered among arriving immigrants and in those who had recently arrived. Cases have also been reported in various cities and localities of the United States in persons who were not recently arrived immigrants and, in some instances, had apparently not associated with recently arrived immigrants. While these cases appear to be sporadic, it seems to be probable that many other cases occurred but were not recognized. The disease as recognized in New York City, by Dr. Brill and others, is so comparatively mild that frequent failure in diagnosis is to be expected. Cases have been reported in New York City, Galveston, Tex., Alameda, Cal., and Baltimore, Md.

During the calendar year 1914, 8 cases of typhus fever with 1 death were reported in the State of New York, 1 fatal case in Rhode Island, 1 case in South Carolina, and 33 cases in the Philippine Islands.

Arriving immigrants. On May 1, 1915, a case of typhus fever was removed at quarantine from the steamship Christoforos, from Marseille via Oran. The case was in a member of the crew. On May 4 a case was removed in the person of a Servian, 20 years of age, from the steamship Carpathia, from Piræus.

New York City.-During the first week of November, 1914, a case of typhus fever was reported in New York City. Another case was notified during the week ended June 2, 1915.

Texas-Galveston.-During the week ended November 23, 1914, a case of typhus fever was reported in Galveston in the person of a Greek, male, age 34 years, a candy maker, who had lived in Galveston for the preceding four months. Source of infection was unknown. There were probably other cases unrecognized in the city. Another case was reported during the week ended November 28.

Maryland Baltimore.-On June 28, 1915, a case of typhus fever was reported in Baltimore. It was impossible to trace the source of infection. The patient was the keeper of a small store. The disease was of the mild type which has been observed in many of the larger cities of the United States.

WORLD PREVALENCE OF CHOLERA, PLAGUE, YELLOW FEVER, AND

CHOLERA,_PLAGUE,
TYPHUS FEVER.

CHOLERA.

As usual, the chief prevalence of cholera was in Asia. The disease, however, made its appearance in certain countries of Europe. Several thousand cases were reported in various parts of Austria-Hungary. Cases were also reported in Germany, Greece, Russia, and Turkey. In Asia, the chief haunts of the disease were, as usual, Indo-China, Ceylon, Dutch East Indies, Siam, Straits Settlements, and Turkey in Asia, with a few cases reported in Japan and Persia.

PHILIPPINE ISLANDS.

At Manila 482 cases were reported between July 4 and October 24, 1914, and in the Provinces 1,131 cases between July 2 and October 5, 1914. The disease occurred in many localities in numerous Provinces.