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Chairman WALSH. I notice on this list of deputy sheriffs appointed by you between January 10, 1913, and September 1, 1913, there appear 326 men. What was the reason for such a great number of deputy sheriffs that year?

Mr. FARR. On account of the strike.

Chairman WALSH. Then, that is between January 10, 1913, and September 1, 1913. Upon what date was the strike called?

Mr. FARR. Does that give the date? The strike was called on the 23d.

The

most of the list was appointed after the 1st of September, is my recollection. Chairman WALSH. Between the 1st of September and

Mr. FARR (interrupting). And the 23d.

Chairman WALSH. How is that?

Mr. FARR. Between the 1st of September and the 23d.

Chairman WALSH. The heading of it says, "List of deputy sheriffs appointed by Jefferson B. Farr, sheriff of Huerfano County, Colo., from January 10, 1913, to September 1, 1913."

Mr. FARR. Well, that includes all that time, but my books will show that the majority of them were appointed after September 1.

Chairman WALSH. This just says up to September 1.

Mr. FARR. Well, they would be appointed in the latter part of August.
Chairman WALSH. You were expecting a strike, then, were you?

Mr. FARR. Yes; I was.

Chairman WALSH. Did you confer with the company officials about it?
Mr. FARR. I did. I talked with them every day.

Chairman WALSH. I see a great many foreign names here. How are these men as to citizenship and the length of time which they lived in your city and in your county?

Mr. FARR. The majority of the people I appointed deputy sheriffs were resi dents of Huerfano County.

Chairman WALSH. And those who were not residents of that county were residents of what counties?

Mr. FARR. Different parts of the State that applied to me for the position and I gave it to a number of them when they came in.

Chairman WALSH. I see a great many men of the name of Trujillo-seven of

them.

Mr. FARR. They are all residents, those Trujillos are, of Huerfano County. They are Mexicans.

Chairman WALSH. Are they miners, or what are they?

Mr. FARR. Probably, as almost all those Mexicans work around the mines from time to time.

Chairman WALSH. How many of those 326 men worked for the mining company?

Mr. FARR. I couldn't say as to that.

Chairman WALSH. Who paid for these deputies?

Mr. FARR. I don't know that. The county of Huerfano never paid for them. Chairman WALSH. Did you ever hear from them where they got their money? Mr. FARR. They were paid. I didn't pay them.

Chairman WALSH. You never inquired?

Mr. FARR. No, sir.

Chairman WALSH. Would you turn your office over to a private party with out knowing?

Mr. FARR. I supposed that the coal operators were paying for them.

Chairman WALSH. You know the coal operators were paying for them, do you not?

Mr. FARR. I don't know for certain, but that is my belief, and I am really satisfied, but I don't know it; never saw the checks.

Chairman WALSH. Did you ever ask any officer of the coal companies whether or not they were paying them?

Mr. FARR. I did not. At the beginning of this strike Mr. Matteson, of the Colorado Fuel & Iron Co., came to me after the strike was called and asked me if I would appoint or send out to the different mines some deputy sheriffs to guard the property. That is about the only conversation I ever had with him, and I proceeded to send the men out.

Chairman WALSH. Now, the mining convention convened at Trinidad on September 15, as I understand it?

Mr. FARR. Yes, sir.

Chairman WALSH. And when were these requisitions for deputies made upon

you?

Mr. FARR. About that time.

Chairman WALSH. Were all these men armed?

Mr. FARR. All the deputies?

Chairman WALSH. All the deputies.

Mr. FARR. Yes, sir.

Chairman WALSH. Carried arms?

Mr. FARR. Yes, sir.

Chairman WALSH. Who furnished the arms?

Mr. FARR. They were furnished by the coal companies. [Laughter.] Chairman WALSH. Now, do not give way to your feelings, please, ladies and gentlemen.

Mr. FARR. They were armed at the mines.

Chairman WALSH. You heard the testimony here, did you not, that the first arms were purchased September 12 by the strikers, and that prior to that time no arms had been purchased? You heard that testimony, did you?

Mr. FARR. I did not.

Chairman WALSH. You did not hear that?

Mr. FARR. No, sir.

Chairman WALSH. Then, that testimony was incorrect or mistakenly given, wasn't it, if there was such testimony?

Mr. FARR. Well, so far as my recollection is, it has been quite awhile ago, and I don't really remember just what did happen and when these men were first armed; I really can't remember.

Chairman WALSH. But all of them were armed, all of the deputies you had? Mr. FARR. They were supposed to be.

Chairman WALSH. And their arms came from some place other than from

you?

Mr. FARR. I furnished a good many of them.

Chairman WALSH. Where did you get the arms you furnished?

Mr. FARR. I had them around there.

Chairman WALSH. How many did you furnish to these 326 deputies?

Mr. FARR. I couldn't tell you, sir.

Chairman WALSH. NOW, I see that after September 1 and up to October 15 you appointed 75 more deputies. Now, that is the list that you mean you appointed before the 23d, did you not?

Mr. FARR. Read that over again.

Chairman WALSH. "List of deputy sheriffs appointed by Jefferson B. Farr, sheriff of Huerfano County, Colo., from September 1, 1913, to October 15, 1913," and there are 75 names following that. Are those the ones that were appointed mostly before the strike?

Mr. FARR. They were appointed between that time-between the 1st of September and October 15 they were appointed.

Chairman WALSH. Do you know when the greater number of those were appointed?

Mr. FARR. I do not.

Chairman WALSH. Were those men armed?

Mr. FARR. Must have been.

Chairman WALSH. They were all armed, were they not?

Mr. FARR. Must have been at the time; yes. My recollection why that numher appears so large there is they were coming and going at the time of the Seventh Street riot. There were something like 75 to 100 deputy sheriffs in the county when

Chairman WALSH (interrupting). What time was that?

Mr. FARR. Twenty-fourth day of October.

Chairman WALSH. All of these, now, were before September 1, these 326. Those were coming between January 10, 1913, and September 1, 1913; every one of them was before September 1?

Mr. FARR. They were quitting and becoming dissatisfied and leaving; some on their own account and some did not fill the bill and were discharged. Chairman WALSH. What became of their arms, those that left, if you know? Mr. FARR. I don't know.

Chairman WALSH. They were not surrendered to you?

Mr. FARR. No, sir.

Chairman WALSH. And didn't you ever talk to any officer of a coal-mining company as to whether or not these men were being paid?

Mr. FARR. That was my general understanding, that they were being paid. Chairman WALSH. Do you know how much they were paying them?

Mr. FARR. My understanding is it was $3.50 a day, furnished; that is my knowledge.

Chairman WALSH. Who told you that?

Mr. FARR. Mr. Matteson, of the fuel company.

Chairman WALSH. SO Mr. Matteson, of the coal company did tell you he was paying these men, and how much they were paying them?

Mr. FARR. That was at the beginning of this, as I stated before.

Chairman WALSH. Well, I didn't hear that before. Did you state that before, Mr. Matteson was paying $3.50 a day?

Mr. FARR. No, sir; I did not make that statement, but I told you that Mr. Matteson was paying the men and made arrangements with me to send him these deputy sheriffs.

Chairman WALSH. I am advised by the other members of the commission that you said you did not know who was paying them.

Mr. FARR. I said that at the beginning, but then I refreshed my memory and said I had had this talk with Mr. Matteson, and it was the only talk I had had during the strike about the payment of these men, and it was the only one at the beginning of the strike; I think it was after it was called in Trinidad. I say, I understood at that time that I was to furnish these men, and I naturally supposed that they were getting their money from that

concern.

Chairman WALSH. Now, do I understand you that you did not make any examination into the character of these men?

Mr. FARR. I did not, sir.

Chairman WALSH. And their qualifications. They could have got, so far as you were concerned, a murderer, a red-handed murderer, and given him one of your commissions?

Mr. FARR. So far as I know.

Chairman WALSH. So far as you know?

Mr. FARR. Yes, sir.

Chairman WALSH. But that was left to the company?

Mr. FARR. So far as I know.

Chairman WALSH. And the arming of the men was left to the company.

Mr. FARR. The arming of the men was either left to the men themselves or else to the company.

Chairman WALSH. And you just turned loose 326 of them on your community, and that was before there was any call for the militia or any cause for trouble. Did you not think that might cause disturbance in your county?

Mr. FARR. They were not turned loose. These men were stationed at certain properties to take care of them.

Chairman WALSH. Did you have charge of them yourself?

Mr. FARR. To a certain extent.

Chairman WALSH. To what extent did you have charge of them?

Mr. FARR. They were to report to me any violence.

Chairman WALSH. What is that?

Mr. FARR. They were to report to me any violence.

Chairman WALSH. Report to you any violence?

Mr. FARK. Yes, sir.

Chairman WALSH. How many reports did you get from Epifanio Castro? Mr. FARR. I don't know the man.

Chairman WALSH. Or from Joseph Anchester?

Mr. FARR. I don't know him.

Chairman WALSH. Fernandez Atencio?

Mr. FARR. I don't know as I got any.

Chairman WALSH. W. M. Arnold?

Mr. FARR. W. M. Arnold is a ranchman out at the foot of Spanish Peak.
Chairman WALSH. Did you get a report from him?

Mr. FARR. I got a report from him after the Aguilar mines were burned, that a bunch of people had come up to his house afoot-walked up there and asked him for shelter.

Chairman WALSH. Was that at the time he was commissioned, or was that the time you commissioned him?

Mr. FARR. Oh, he is one of my usual officers; been commissioned before.
Chairman WALSH. J. B. Arigon?

Mr. FARR. Never got any report from him.

Chairman WALSH. Felix Abeyta?

Mr. FARR. Never got any.

Chairman WALSH. Where was he located?

Mr. FARR. Lives on a ranch 7 miles west of La Veta-a sheep man and farmer.

Chairman WALSH. Did you ever get any report from Ancio Martinez?

Mr. FARE. I don't recall him.

Chairman WALSH. Do you know him at all?

Mr. FARR. Ancio Martinez?

Chairman WALSH. Yes; Ancio Martinez?

Mr. FARR. I don't know the man; didn't know he was carrying a deputy sheriff's paper. I guess there must be some mistake in the name.

Chairman WALSH. You never got any report from him?

Mr. FARR. No, sir; not to my recollection.

Chairman WALSH. Well, did you ever get any from any of the Martinez you have on here-you have 10 on this page. Did you ever get a report from them?

Mr. FARR. I couldn't say, sir.

If you call the first

Chairman WALSH. Do you know where they were located? Mr. FARR. I do not, without I heard the first name. name, I probably could tell you.

Chairman WALSH. P. J. Martinez; where was he located?
Mr. FARR. I don't remember.

Chairman WALSH. J. C. Martinez?

Mr. FARR. I don't remember.

Chairman WALSH. Moyses Martinez; where was he located?
Mr. FARR. Well, now, he is 12 miles north of Walsen.

Chairman WALSH. Antonio Martinez; where is he located?

Mr. FABR. I don't remember the man.

Chairman WALSH. Have you any record in your office that would show where these men were located-what mines?

Mr. FARR. I have none.

Chairman WALSH. Did they report to anyone but you?

Mr. FARR. I could not say as to that.

Chairman WALSH. Do you know how many hours per day they remained on duty?

Mr. FARR. I do not.

Chairman WALSH. Do you know what specific orders were given them?

Mr. FARR. No, sir.

Chairman WALSH. After they got to those mines?

Mr. FARR. I do not.

Chairman WALSH. There were none given by you?

Mr. FARR. No, sir; there were orders given by me to those men to protect the property and report to me any violence. I gave them that order myself when they left my office.

Chairman WALSH. I think that is all. You may be excused.

We will now stand adjourned until to-morrow morning at 10 o'clock. (Thereupon, at 4.30 o'clock p. m., the further proceedings were adjourned until the following day, Thursday, December 10, 1914, at 10 o'clock a. m.)

DENVER, COLO., Thursday, December 10, 1914. Present Chairman Walsh, Commissioners Ballard, O'Connell, Lennon, Garretson, and Weinstock.

Chairman WALSH. The commission will please be in order.

Capt. Harold G. Garwood.

TESTIMONY OF CAPT. HAROLD G. GARWOOD.

Chairman WALSH. What is your name, please?

Capt. GARWOOD. Harold G. Garwood.

Chairman WALSH, Where do you reside?

Capt. GARWOOD. I reside in the city of Denver.

Chairman WALSH. How long have you resided in the State of Colorado?

Capt. GARWOOD. About 22 years, sir.

Chairman WALSH. What is your position in civil life?

Capt. GARWOOD. I am a surgeon.

Chairman WALSH. And how long have you been practicing your profession?

Capt. GARWOOD. Since 1904, sir.

Chairman WALSH. Are you a member of the Colorado National Guard?
Capt. GARWOOD. I am, sir.

Chairman WALSH. Just describe your company, please.

Capt. GARWOOD. I am a captain of a troop of cavalry located in this city. Chairman WALSH. And what is your rank?

Capt. GARWOOD. I am a captain, sir.

Chairman WALSH. Were you detailed during the coal-mine troubles?

Capt. GARWOOD. I was ordered to go into the field; yes, sir.

Chairman WALSH. What field?

Capt. GARWOOD. The southern field.

Chairman WALSH. From whom did you receive your orders?

Capt. GARWOOD. Why, I received a telephone message about 1 or 2 o'clock in the morning-well, no, I think it was rather-it was after the cars had stopped, probably between 12 and 1 o'clock in the morning.

Chairman WALSH. What date?

Capt. GARWOOD. Of the night of October 28, I believe.
Chairman WALSH, 1913?

Capt. GARWOOD. 1913.

Chairman WALSH. How long were you in the field?

Capt. GARWOOD. Well, just about six months, sir.

Chairman WALSH. Please sketch as briefly as you can where you were during the six months.

Capt. GARWOOD. We went with the detachment first from Denver to Trinidad, and very soon after our arrival-in about three or four days-we were sent to Delagua from Trinidad; and from Delagua we were sent to Aguilar, and stayed in Aguilar about three months and left there on the 1st of February and went back to Trinidad; and stayed at Trinidad the rest of the time we were in the field, except for a short time that we were stationed at Ludlow after we were recalled.

Chairman WALSH. Were you among those that were in Denver at the time of the Ludlow incident?

Capt. GARWOOD. Yes, sir; I was here, sir.

Chairman WALSH. Did you personally, or your company, have any collisions with the contestants during the time you were in the field?

Capt. GARWOOD. By "contestants" you mean the strikers?

Chairman WALSH. Did you have any active service, you might call it; any fights?

Capt. GARWOOD. There was no firing by my company, or my troop, as a troop. Chairman WALSH. There has been something said, Captain, about the use of mine guards in the militia. Were there any such in your troop?

Capt. GARWOOD. I think, if my memory serves me correctly, that there were enlisted in my organization perhaps 15 or 25 men who had been employed as mine guards.

Chairman WALSH. When did those men come into your troop?

Capt. GARWOOD. My memory does not serve me as to the dates exactly, but my first lieutenant was sent to Sopris to enlist some of these men when he was stationed at Aguilar; I don't know the exact date.

Chairman WALSH. When was it, approximately, with reference to the time you were called out?

Capt. GARWOOD. You mean called out from here?

Chairman WALSH. Yes, sir; called out in October, 1913?

Capt. GARWOOD. I judge it was about a month or six weeks after that time, but I am not positive because I have not my enlistment papers.

Chairman WALSH. Who was the first lieutenant sent to Sopris to enlist these mine guards?

Capt. GARWOOD. His name was Garry Lawrence, the first lieutenant of my troop.

Chairman WALSH. By whose order was he sent?

Capt. GARWOOD. He was sent by the order of Gen. Chase.
Chairman WALSH. How many men are there in a platoon?
Capt. GARWOOD. A platoon of cavalry?

Chairman WALSH. Yes.

Capt. GARWOOD. A troop of cavalry at the present time consists of about 70 enlisted men.

Chairman WALSH. Please describe for us, will you, the organization of the militia, just how it is organized from the top down, beginning with the author

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