Lodge, Independent Order of Odd Fellows, and he is also a member of the Meshawum Club.

On November 26, 1876, Mr. Grothe was united in marriage with Miss Susie Harlow Haskell, who was born in Gloucester, Massachusetts. June 28, 1857, daughter of Philip H. and Emma (Butler) Haskell of that city. About the year 1637 three brothers, Roger, William and Mark Haskell came from Bristol, England, and settled in Beverly, Massachusetts. William Haskell, who was born in 1617, went from Beverly to Gloucester about the year 1643, and died there August 12, 1693. He was a mariner, and is designated in the early records as both captain and lieutenant. He was married November 6, 1643, to Mary, daughter of Walter Tybbot or Tibbetts, of Gloucester, and her death occurred just four days after that of her husband. William Haskell was several times chosen representative to the general court from Gloucester between the years 1672 and 1685. He left an estate inventoried at five hundred and forty-eight pounds and twelve shillings. His children were: William, Joseph, Benjamin, John, Ruth, Mark, Sarah, Elenor and Mary. Mrs. Grothe is a lineal descendant in the eighth generation of William (1) and Mary (Tibbetts) Haskell, and the line of descent is Joseph (2), Joseph (3), David (4), Aaron (5), Abel (6) and Philip H. (7). Philip H. Haskell was born at Gloucester in 1819, and was a prosperous farmer.

Mr. and Mrs. Grothe are the parents of three children: 1. Alice May, born in Danvers July 24, 1877, married July 24, 1899, to Willis A. Blaisdell, of Winchester, and has one son, Henry Oscar Blaisdell, born April 9, 1900. 2. Harry Oscar Grothe, born in Middleton, February 6, 1879. 3. Eva Maud Grothe, born in Middleton, May 10, 1882; married, February, 1903, to E. H. Ives, of Salem, Massachusetts.

The Livingston family is LIVINGSTON of ancient Scotch ancestry. The ancient family of Aberdeen, Scotland, has this coat of arms: Argent, two gilly flowers in chief and an escallop in base all within a bordure gules. Crest-a boar's head couped holding in the mouth a pair of balances ppr. Motto "Fortis et Aequus." The Balrowan family has the same arms with a different crest: Gillyflower slipped ppr. Motto: "Nativum Retinet Decus." The Livingston family possesses the Earldom

of Linlithgow, created in 1600; the Earldom of Callendar, created in 1641, and the Lordship Almond, created in 1633. One other line of this family has a coat-of-arms: Argent, three cinquefoils gules pierced of the field. The arms of the New York family are similar to the latter. Robert Livingston, the first Lord of the Manor of Livingston, New York, was one of the seven children of Rev. John Livingston, and a lineal descendant of the fifth Lord Livingston, the ancestor of the Earls of Linlithgow and Callendar. The clergyman was banished for non-conformity and took refuge in Rotterdam, where in 1672 he died. Robert went to New York about 1675 and had a large grant constituting the greater part of Dutchess and Columbia counties; the remainder of this grant still owned by descendants is called Livingston Manor.

(1) John Livingston, or Livingstone, the immigrant ancestor of the Massachusetts family, was also Scotch. He was a member of the Scots' Charitable Society of Boston as early as 1659. He may have been one of the Scotch prisoners taken by Cromwell at the battle of Worcester, who were sent in large numbers to Massachusetts colonies. Most of the Scotch immigration of this period was due to Cromwell's method of disposing of his prisoners. There is a belief in the family that he was related to the New York family mentioned above. He settled in that part of Billerica now the town of Tewksbury. In the early records he is mentioned as in the service of Thomas Carrier (Currier) indicating that he was a Scotch prisoner of war. All these prisoners were let out to the English settlers, but they were well treated and were soon able to acquire farms of their own. In November, 1677, he and his employer, Thomas Carrier, were warned from cutting brush in the southeast part of the town of Billerica. It is possible that John was the second of the name. He was living later in Chelmsford. He married at Billerica, September 12, 1680, Margaret Ross, daughter of Thomas Ross and Seeth Holman, his wife. She was also Scotch. The Ross family resided at Loes Plain. She died June 16, 1705. He married (second) November 29, 1705, Eunice Shedd, daughter of Daniel Shedd, of North Billerica. His family was desolated by the Indian attack of August 5, 1695. "In the north part of the town on the east side of the Concord river, lived a number of families who, though without garrison and in time of war, seemed under no apprehension of danger. Their remoteness from the scenes of Indian

depredations might have contributed to their fancied security. The Indians came suddenly upon them in the day time." The savages came on horseback and took effectual precautions against surprise or pursuit. They killed ten, five of whom were adults, and took five prisoners. In Livingston's household five young children were killed and also his "mother-in-law" (i. e. stepmother) Seeth (Holman) Ross, recently widowed, who was living with him. The eldest daughter was taken captive and carried off. The pursuers found no traces of the Indians. Children: I.

John, born March 1, 1681-82, mentioned below. 2. Margaret, born August 29, 1683, died December 22, 1683. 3. Sarah, born November 12, 1684, taken captive August 5, 1695, when the five following were slain. 4. Seth, born April 6, 1687. 5. Thomas, born February 6, 1688-89. 6. Mary, born December 16, 1690. 7. Margaret, born May 26, 1693. 8. Alexander, born July 1, 1695. 9. Seth, born February 9, 1696-97. 10. Hannah, born February 5, 1698-99. 11. Sarah, born December 4, 1700, married Jonathan Dutton. 12. Mary, born April 17, 1703, died February 14, 1704-05.

(II) Sergeant John Livingston (or Leveston) son of John Livingston (1), was born in Billerica, March 1, 1681-82, died there June 27, 1755. He married in 1709 Ruth Shedd, daughter of Daniel Shedd. She died April 5, 1756. He and Seth were set off in the district called Tewksbury, incorporated as a town December 23, 1734. Children, born in Billerica: 1. Ruth, born July 14, 1710. 2. John, born June 12, 1712, married February 15, 1736-37, Sarah Wothaker, daughter of Roger; resided in Tewksbury and had eight children. 3. Thomas, born August 3, 1714. 4. Daniel, born March 4, 1716-17, mentioned below. 5. Eunice, born May 18, 1719. 6. Sarah, born June 26, 1721.

(III) Daniel Livingston, (Levistone) son of John Livingston (2), was born in Billerica, March 4, 1716-17. He lived in Tewksbury, set off from Billerica. He married, May 9, 1744, Rebecca Chapman, who joined the church September 27, 1744, at Tewksbury. Children: 1. Daniel, born 1745, baptized August 18, 1745 soldier in Revolution. 2. William, born March 4, 1750. 3. John, born April 26, 1752. soldier in Revolution. 4. Asa, born June 3. 1755, mentioned below.

(IV) Asa Livingston, son of Daniel Livingston (3), was born June 3, 1755, at Tewksbury. He was a soldier in the Revolution, in Lieutenant Thomas Clark's company, Colonel Green's regiment, April 19, 1775, on the Lex

ington Alarm; enlisted afterward in Captain Benjamin Walker's company, Colonel Ebenezer Bridge's regiment, and served from April to August, 1775. He married, May 21, 1778, Olive Peacock, who was born May 17, 1756, and died November 10, 1854, lacking two years of a century. Child, William, born February 24, 1779, mentioned below.

(V) William Livingston, son of Asa Livingston (4), was born at Tewksbury, February 24, 1779, and died there February 23, 1832. He was farmer at Tewkesbury and a highly respected citizen. He married there Sarah Slater, who was born January 6, 1782, and died March 25, 1872. Children: William, Jr., born April 12, 1803, mentioned below; Elbridge, born 1816, mentioned below.

(VI) William Livingston, son of William Livingston (5), was born in Tewksbury, April 12, 1803. He was educated in the public schools of his native town, and worked during his youth on the farm of his father. At the age of twenty he came to East Chelmsford, now Lowell, and worked as a laborer in the construction of the first mills building there. Then he bought a horse and cart and was soon employing other men and carts in work he had taken on his own account. He built up a large business as a contractor in a short time. His enterprise and fidelity gave him a reputation. second to none. He took large contracts for canal and railroad construction and handled them successfully, In 1827 he contracted to dig the canal from Sebago Lake, Maine, to a point several miles below on the Sebago river, and completed it within a year. He had another contract on the Blackstone canal, from Worcester to Providence, and was there two years. He then settled in Lowell and engaged in the wholesale trade in grain, lumber, wood, coal, lime, brick and cement, and was remarkably successful. He bought the Nehemiah. Wright wharf lot and the brewery lot on the west side of Thorndike street bordering on the Middlesex canal, and built a large brick building, part of which he let for stores and dwelling and the remainder he used himself for a dwelling and stonehouse. He resided there until 1852, when he built the palatial residence at the corner of Thorndike and Chelmsford streets, now owned and occupied by his daughter, Mrs. Paul R. George. The old building and wharf property adjoining his storehouses are owned by Hon. William E. Livingston, his son, who continues the business that his father established. In 1831, in company with Sidney Spalding and others, he bought a tract of land

of about one hundred and twenty acres in Lowell, laid it out in streets and building lots and sold it off to advantage. He continued in the contracting business and built the foundations of many of the new mills. He had a contract for constructing the earthwork and masonry of the Lowell & Nashua railroad, and digging a canal in Illinois. In 1848 he built. the wharf on Middlesex street and erected a saw, planing and grist mills there. He successfully operated these mills and in 1850 began the manufacture of boxes, receiving into partnership in this branch of his business Otis Allen, of Lowell.

Mr. Livingston was energetic, courageous and resourceful. When the Boston & Lowell Railroad demanded what he thought exorbitant rates for freight, he advocated competing roads and to his persistent efforts are due the early construction of the Lowell & Lawrence and the Salem & Lawrence railroads. He contended against the powerful opposition of the Boston & Lowell Railroad, and only after the most persistent effort both in and out of the legislature did he win his charters. Upon the organization of the Lowell & Lawrence Railroad Company, he was chosen president, a position he held until his death. He was a director of the Lowell & Salem road from the time of its organization. In both roads he was the master spirit in the work of construction. It was mainly due to his wonderful force of character and executive ability that these roads were completed promptly. The act incorporating the Lowell & Lawrence was passed in 1846 and before the close of 1847 the road was in operation. To accomplish this remarkable, work of enterprise and dispatch much night labor was necessary. From early life he had enjoyed a remarkable vitality and strength, but the strain of this night work on the railroads undermined his constitution and he fell a victim of consumption. He died in March, 1855, at Jacksonville, Florida, whither he had gone in the hope of benefiting his health. Mr. Livingston was prominent in financial circles; director of the Lowell Mutual Fire Insurance Company and trustee of the City Institution for Savings. He was distinctively a man of the people; self-made, of broad practical experience from constant intercourse with the busy world; resourceful and of bold, adventurous disposition in business at a time when the development of the industries and resources of the country needed canals, railroads and such men as Livingston to build them. was filled with the spirit of local pride and he

He

left the impress of his work and character on his city and age. He was present at the founding of Lowell and contemporary with the men who established the great manufacturing enterprises, the principal source of the wealth of the city that has grown up there. Livingston helped build that city and spared no effort to advance its interests and procure its permanent prosperity. In politics he was a Democrat. He was particularly earnest in support of the temperance movement and did his utmost, regardless of parties, to promote prohibition of the sale of alcoholic liquors and to protect the masses from the curse of rum. He was the proprietor of the Lowell Weekly Gazette, a newspaper devoted to temperance reform. In 1836 and 1837 he represented his district in the state senate. He was an active opponent of monopolies, even in railroading. He left a large estate and his name stands among the most distinguished of the founders of the city of Lowell.

He married, November 26, 1829, Mary A. Johnson, who was born June 27, 1808, and died September 29, 1871. Children: 1. William Edward, born June 25, 1832. 2. Mrs. Paul R. George, of Lowell.

(VII) William Edward Livingston, son of William Livingston (6), was born in Lowell, June 25, 1832. He was educated in the public school of his native place and in Williston Academy of Easthampton, Massachusetts. Upon leaving school he became associated with his father. He was only twenty-three years of age when the burden of his father's large business fell upon his shoulders. From 1828 to 1855, when his father died, that business had had a steady growth and under the management of the son it continued to grow. It assumed extensive proportions, and its proprietor has for many years stood among the foremost men in mercantile life in northern Massachusetts. He has passed through many financial crises in safety with credit unimpaired. Mr. Livingston was fortunate in his training for a career he has had; the wisdom and experience of his father started him in the right track and he doubtless inherited that force of character and determination that are the sure foundations of all business success.

Mr. Livingston is a member of the Merrimack Street Unitarian Church. In politics he is a Democrat of the old school; he was an alderman of the city in 1867 and 1868; and representative to the general court in 1875 and 1876. He served on the commission that built the city water works and on the commission

that built the City Hall and Memorial Building, appointed January 26, 1892. He had has a distinguished career in Free Masonry. He is past master of William North Lodge of Free Masons, past high priest of Mount Horeb Chapter of Royal Arch Masons; past thrice illustrious master of Ahasuerus Council of Royal and Select Masters; past deputy grand master of the Grand Council of Royal and Select Masters of Massachusetts. He has taken all the degree of Scottish Rite Masonry including the thirty-third. He is president of the Lowell Masonic Association, treasurer of the Masonic Relief Association and member of Pilgrim Commandery, Knights Templar. He has been president of the Highland Club of Lowell and is a member also of The Club and of the Martin Luthers. He is director of the Appleton Bank of Lowell, of the Mutual Fire Insurance Company, vice-president of the City Institution of Savings, member of the Board of Trade and of the Master Builders' Association.

He married Mary E. C. King, daughter of Godfrey B. King. Children: 1. Mary Augusta, born September 15, 1858; married White. 2. Caroline George, born July 31, 1860, married Dr. Charles P. Spalding. 3. William, born June 12, 1870. 4. Ethel, born July 19, 1873.

(VI) Elbridge Livingston, son of William Livingston (5), was born in Tewksbury in 1816, and died in Lowell in 1888. He was educated in the district schools of his native town and of Lowell, whither he came when a young man. He followed the contracting business along lines similar to that of his brother William; built up an extensive business and amassed a competence, chiefly in construction of railroads. Some years before his death he retired from active business and enjoyed a well-earned rest and leisure. He was highly esteemed by his associates in business and commanded the respect and confidence of all his townsmen. In politics he was a Republican, but never sought public office. He was a faithful member of the Unitarian church. He married Irene Lund, of Hollis, New Hampshire. Children: I. Adeline, deceased. 2. Elbert, married Lucy Heath; children: Paul, Amy and Jessie. 3. Dexter, deceased. 4. Erastus, deceased. 5. Isadore, deceased, married Fred Marvel. 6. Artemas, deceased. 7. Ella F., born in Lowell, educated in the public and high schools of that city; member of the Unitarian church and active in its benevolent work and in charity.

Robert Daniels (1590-1655) DANIELS was the immigrant ancestor

of the Daniels families of Watertown and Cambridge. He appeared in Watertown, Massachusetts Bay Colony, in 1636, being recorded at that date as a landed proprietor. He was a yeoman or husbandman, and was admitted as a freeman of the town of Cambridge, March 14, 1638, o. s. He was a town officer of Cambridge, and appears on the records as having sold land owned by him in the town of Watertown. His wife Elizabeth died October 2, 1643, and on May 2, 1654, he married Rena, widow of William Andrews, to whom he bequeathed the estate that she brought to him by marriage, and other property, the will bearing date July 3, 1655. Rena Daniels, the widow, was afterward married to Edmund Frost. The children of Robert and Elizabeth Daniels were: Elizabeth, married Thomas Fanning; Samuel, married Mercy Grace, of Watertown, and, lived at Bogiston Pond, Medfield, where five children were born of the marriage, and where he died in 1695; Joseph (q. v.); Sarah, married William Cheney; Mary, married Sampson Frary, slain at Deerfield, 1704, by the Indians; Thomas, of whom the only record is his burial, September 6, 1644.

(II) Joseph Daniels, son of Robert and Elizabeth Daniels, was born at his father's home, either in Watertown or Cambridge, about 1640, and was one of the early settlers of Medfield, Norfolk county, cut off from the town of Dedham and established May 22, 1650, as a separate town. He married Maria, daughter of Jonas and Lydia Fairbanks, born June 20, 1659, in Dedham, Massachusetts. He owned several grants on the west side of the Charles river; his home was burned by the Indians in 1676; he was a selectman of the town for three years, and in 1700 kept a school in the west district of the town. He died in 1715. The children of Joseph and Maria (Fairbanks) Daniels were: Joseph Daniels, Jr., born September 23, 1666, resided in Medfield; Mary Daniels, born July 4, 1669; Samuel Daniels, born October 20, 1671; Mehitable Daniels, born July 10, 1674, died 1686; Ebenezer, born April 24, 1677, was married (first) to Elizabeth Partridge, (second) in 1707, to Mary Harding; Elizabeth Daniels, born March 9, 1679, was married (first) in 1705 to Joseph Mason, and (second) in 1730, to John Draper (1656-1749), of Dedham; Jeremiah Daniels, born and died 1680;