could not be surpassed by the exhibition of the subject itself, even if that were deemed desirable. The value of such a model is great, not only to the general student, but also and especially to a class of students who are yearly seeking the College in increased numbers. I refer to those looking toward the practice of medicine, who wisely seek a thorough scientific education as a foundation for their professional training. While models of this sort can by no means take the place, for such students, of the practical experience of the dissecting-room, they are, in my opinion, of great value to them as a means of preparation therefor. We have also received a number of greatly enlarged models of some of the more intricate organs, such as the eye, ear, larynx, etc.; a series of brains, from that of man down to that of the alligator; and enlarged models of some of the lower animals, whose dissection by students is not practicable. nature. In behalf of the class of students referred to above, as well as in the general interests of the College, I feel constrained to call attention to a need that I can not but regard as a pressing one, and to which I have already referred in previous reports. I trust that, at an early day, the Trustees of the College will provide for the purchase of a few pieces, at least, of apparatus for the work of practical instruction in, and laboratory study of, Physiology. It is one of the distinguishing features of this College, and one of its chief merits, that in nearly every department of natural science liberal provision has been made for the direct study of Physics, Chemistry, Mineralogy, Geology, Botany, Zoology, Comparative Anatomy, all have their laboratories and an adequate supply of apparatus for the student's use. Physiology alone, of all the sciences taught in the College, is studied from text-books only. The outlay of a few hundred dollars would enable students of this science to derive their knowledge directly from nature, in large measure, instead of receiving it. all at second hand, as now; and the increased value of such knowledge. not only to those who have the lives of their fellow men in charge, but also to those who have to do with the breeding and care of our domestic. animals, would more than repay the expense. The only change of importance in the practical work of the department has been the adoption, for the use of the advanced class in Physiology, of Foster's Text-Book, a most admirable manual, which leaves little to be desired in such a work. The constant increase in the attendance upon the College has brought with it an increase in the number and size of my classes, until now I find myself engaged in class room work during every hour of the College day. Should the attendance increase next year in the same ratio as heretofore, assistance in the work of elementary instruction will be a physical necessity. The whole number of students in this department, for the year, is one hundred and nineteen. All of which is respectfully submitted. ALBERT H. TUTTLE, Professor. MILITARY SCIENCE AND TACTICS. OHIO AGRICULTURAL AND MECHANICAL COLLEGE, EDWARD ORTON, PH. D., President Ohio Agricultural and Mechanical College: SIR: I have the honor to submit to you the following report of my departments: MILITARY SCIENCE AND TACTICS. The Military Department this year has started under more favorable auspices than in the past year. Last year-the first of its existencethe complex work of not only drilling the soldier, but also making the officer, was given me to accomplish. Much time also was lost on account. of the late arrival of the cadet muskets. But with all these difficulties to surmount, the instruction in this department steadily progressed. The squad, the company, the battalion drills, and ceremonies were mastered to a satisfactory degree, as those who witnessed the review by the Governor, and battallion drill on commencement, day, I feel confident, will testify. The task of making an officer sufficiently proficient to take command of a company at battalion drill, is not an easy one; therefore, it was the more gratifying to me that flattering criticisms were bestowed upon my young officers by the Governor, as well as by the regular army officers who honored us with their presence at the commencement. Two gun detachments were also drilled last year in artillery tactics, and it may be here remarked, that the brass pieces sent us by the general government were served with a precision worthy of the cadets at the National Academy. Already the morale of our last year's work is apparent upon the new cadets. These young men have begun their duties, not only without murmuring, but with a commendable degree of zeal, and a disposition to obey cheerfully. During the first term of this year, while the new cadets are being put through the squad drill, all of the old ones are being instructed in artillery drill, guard duty, and target practice. We have had targets made, and cadets are regularly practiced at target shooting, a record being kept of this firing. As a stimulus to the members. of the battalion for excellence in the military art, one of the College Professors generously offers a cadet sword, of th West Point pattern, to the best cadet officer at battalion drill. The Sec.etary of the Board of Trustees offers, in like manner, a medal to the most proficient artillerist. Other members of the Faculty have donated a handsome sum for the getting up of a prize fund; so that about ten prizes in all will be awarded for special merit in the different branches during the present academic year. In this connection; I will say that no cadet will be allowed to compete for any prize who shall have against him an average of more than ten unexplained reports per term, in any academic year, up to the time at which the competing drill, or exercise, shall take place. In a few weeks, when the new cadets shall have been fully incorporated with the battalion, company, and skirmish drill, bayonet exercise will commence. During the winter months and in bad weather, our progress, I fear, will be much impeded for want of a suitable drillroom or hall. Would the Board of Trustees kindly consider this want? A shed put up, even inexpensively, would be productive of the greatest benefits to the Military Department. While the basement room given me last year was barely sufficient for drill purposes, so much of this room has of late been appropriated to other uses, that scarcely half of the space allowed me at first is now available for about double the number of students. I again, therefore, make bold to call the attention of the Board to the providing of some suitable place for drill during the inclement season. Theoretical military instruction is given this year to two classes. The first year class studies Tactics and Regulations; the advanced class receives instruction, by lecture, in the subjects as stated in my last year's report. In conclusion, let me add, that my endeavors will be steadily directed to not only imparting theoretical military knowledge, but also to making this knowledge practical. The best way of making this knowledge practical, is, in my judgment, to make soldiers, in the full sense of the word, of the young men, for the short time that they are under drill. But as the first requisite of the soldier is obedience to orders, this must be insisted on in every particular. The soul of military organization is discipline; but discipline consists in the prompt and unquestioning performance of all things, great and small, required by the proper authority. Indeed, the distinctions between great and small can hardly be recognized by the military man. The whole bearing and efficiency of the soldier depend upon the observance of a great number of details, each one of which is as important as any other, and each one of which, taken by itself, might seem trifling, or even frivolous, to the civilian. I make these statements to meet the criticisms sometimes heard upon the minuteness of the military duties required of our students. Such criticism, to be valid, must be directed against military drill in itself, and not against the prescribed mode of managing it. A military writer of renown-General George B. McClellan-reviewing the condition of our army, has recently expressed himself as follows: "We do not doubt that 15,000 regulars on the field of the first Manassas would have insured the complete rout of the raw confederates, and in all probability put an end to the war. It was not because the troops engaged were volunteers, that this first important battle was lost; it was because they were undisciplined." This writer adds further: "If it be true, then, that it is the duty of every government to prepare, in time of peace, the means adequate to defend its territory and its people, the statesman-like method of proceeding is clear enough; and if an army is necessary at all, it should, like any other necessary thing, be made, in every respect, efficient." But while it may be impracticable for our Government to keep a large standing army, the legislators of the country have, by law, extended military instruction throughout the whole of our land, by having officers of the army detailed to act as Professors of Military Science and Tactics in the various colleges of the States. When young men, attending such colleges, leave them after a few years of proper military instruction, the country, in the absence of large standing armies, will look to them, in emergencies, to bring into the field, organized and drilled, an army of brave men to maintain her rights. MATHEMATICS. In this department I have at present two classes, which recite to me daily. One class, composed of five members, studies Analytical Geometry; it will go through the study of the Calculus-Differential and Integral-by the end of this academic year, and is doing remarkably well. The other class consists of twenty-nine members; these began the study of Algebra with me at the beginning of the term. I regret to say that many of them are indifferent students, and, judging from present appearances, barely one-half will go through; the rest, I fear, will either fail entirely, or be conditioned. If I may be permitted to express my opinion, many of the students last admitted do not appear to have been sufficiently long under common school training. I am, sir, with great esteem, respectfully yours, LUIGI LOMIA, First Lieutenant 5th United States Artillery, Professor of Military Science and Tactics, and Adjunct Professor of Mathematics. LATIN AND GREEK. EDWARD ORTON, PH. D., President: DEAR SIR: I transmit herewith my second annual report of the Department of Ancient Languages. Since my last report, the work of the department has been prosecuted with all the facilities at my disposal, and a fair amount of good work has been done by the students under my charge. Up to the beginning of the present term, there has been no provision for the study of elementary Latin and Greek in the College, while the required course prepares students for all other departments. The result heretofore has been, that young men, coming here with every variety of insufficient preparation, have not been able to sustain the entrance examinations to the course in Latin and Greek, and consequently have been obliged to take other studies. The Board of Trustees have considered this matter, and provided an elementary course in Latin of two years in length, which will prepare students for the regular College course. One of the elementary classes thus formed has been taken by myself, the other being put in charge of Mr. Arthur Cunningham, a student who has completed his course, in Latin, in the College. This preparatory course will meet the desires of many students, and particularly those from schools in the country, where their classical studies have been of necessity partial and interrupted. The number of students now in my department is as follows: The class-room is well stocked with maps and charts, and the library contains some valuable works of reference, though more might be profitably added. The value of photographs of ancient art and ancient life has long been recognized, and no college class-room is considered complete without a few attractive pictures of the Greek and Roman master3 A & M C |