CHINESE CASES BEFORE UNITED STATES COURTS OR COMMISSIONERS.

One case was pending from fiscal year 1918, the petitioner being discharged by the court. There have been no new cases.

WRITS OF HABEAS CORPUS.

There was one case pending from the fiscal year 1918, in which the petitioner was discharged by the court. No new cases have arisen.

CONTRACT LABOR.

Six contract labor cases were investigated for Mexican border offices.

CHINESE PREJNVESTIGATION MATTERS.

Eight Chinese laborers applied for return certificates, all being granted; investigations were made in 12 Chinese students' cases; 2 merchants' sons; and 2 alleged sons of natives were investigated for ports of entry; cases of 5 alleged natives were investigated; 5 certificates of residence were forwarded to the bureau for cancellation; 6 investigations of Chinese matters were made where no action was taken.

INVESTIGATIONS.

Fifty-six aliens were examined and certificates of arrival for naturalization purposes issued.

There were 69 investigations made in cases of arriving immigrants.

Numerous investigations were also made concerning I. W. W. and anarchist activities, where it was alleged that aliens were involved, and many other investigations where the matter was not deemed of sufficient importance to justify a report. We have cooperated with and assisted the Department of Justice and the Secret Service in numerous investigations, most of these concerning war matters.

PASSPORT-PERMIT WORK.

Up to and including June 30, 1919, this district has received 745 applications for permission to depart from the United States, and has acted on same as instructed in the regulations governing this work. The Denver, Colo., office received 278 of these applications, and the Salt Lake City, Utah, office received 467.

În addition to this, many aliens made queries as to permission to depart from the United States, but their applications were not accepted, from the fact that they were enemy aliens or Russians and could not provide the necessary passports with the proper visés to forward with their applications as required by the regulations. The fact that these regulations were in effect prevented many of these aliens from repatriating themselves, who would doubtless have done so otherwise to the injury of the allied cause.

INSPECTOR IN CHARGE, DISTRICT NO. 20, COMPRISING ALASKA, WITH HEADQUARTERS AT KETCHIKAN.

APPLICATIONS,

A substantial decrease in the total number of aliens applying for entry into Alaska during the fiscal year 1919 over that of last year is noted. There were 2,896 applications, subdivided as follows: Immigrant aliens, 327; nonimmigrant aliens, 39; transients, 1,646. Of the total, 2,886 applicants were admitted and 10 debarred.

United States citizens totaling 4,420 were admitted at ports of this district during the year. Of these 576 were resuming domicile in this country after residing in Canada; 3,844 were merely in transit from the United States proper, through Canada, reaching here via foreign steamers.

CHINESE.

There is nothing to report under this heading for the past fiscal year except the checking of Chinese members of crews of vessels operating in Alaskan waters. There was a time when practically all the repulsive work about the salmon canneries of this region was done by Chinese, but now each year sees a diminishing num

ber of Chinese persons coming to Alaska, and the work which was formerly done by them is now performed by Filipinos, Japanese, and native Indians.

JAPANESE.

Twenty-six Japanese were admitted for permanent residence, all applying for admission from Canada. Twenty-three presented certificates showing that they had been naturalized in Canada.

The privilege of passing in transit through the United States was granted to 30 Japanese. No aliens of this race were debarred during the year.

DEPORTATIONS (EXPULSIONS).

There were reported to us by the United States marshals and others 36 cases requiring investigation to determine whether the aliens were subject to deportation. Applications for warrants were submitted in 10 cases, issued in 9, served in 6, and there remain on hand at the close of the year 3 unserved arrest warrants, and 1 application is still pending before the department.

During the year 6 deportation warrants were received and 2 were on hand at the beginning of the year; & deportation warrants were executed and 2 remain on hand unexecuted.

One Japanese, who entered in violation of the Executive order, was ordered deported, but the warrant remains unexecuted.

One of the deportation warrants executed was that of a Mexican admitted under the department's exceptions to the contract-labor provisions of the law, who had wandered off the ranch where he was employed and was finally jailed in Ketchikan. Approximately 75 per cent of the arrests made by the United States marshal here are aliens of the Mexican race, and the small colony of this nationality here has caused the Territory an expense of $25,000 in court and jail expenses the past year. These Mexicans are brought to Alaska by the salmon packers from California and other Pacific Coast States, and many, for one reason or another, fail to return south at the close of the season. The four pending arrest cases are those of Mexicans.

SEAMEN.

Application for admission was made by 11 seamen, all of whom were admitted. No desertions were reported during the year.

The situation in this district as regards the application of the present law and regulations to seamen remains practically the same as was detailed in last year's report. To only a very limited extent can the present regulations be made to fit the conditions existing here.

STOWAWAYS.

There were no stowaways found on vessels entering Alaska from foreign ports.

FINANCIAL AFFAIRS.

Head tax amounting to $2,272 was collected during the year, this being an increase of 12 per cent over last year.

The sum of $20 in fines was assessed on account of the failure of masters of vessels to furnish the required crew lists.

The allotment granted for operating the district was $1,200, the expenditures amounting to $1,206.45.

WHITE-SLAVE MATTERS.

No new cases warranting prosecution arose during the past year. The case mentioned in last year's report was dismissed for lack of evidence and one deportation was accomplished. Houses of prostitution continue to flourish in the different towns throughout the Territory, and it is regretted that lack of sufficient funds does not permit deportation of the alien inmates.

INVESTIGATIONS.

Nunc pro tunc examinations were made in the cases of 17 aliens referred to us by the Bureau of Naturalization.

COOPERATION WITH OTHER DEPARTMENTS.

There has been the heartiest cooperation at all times between the immigration service in this district and the officials of other departments, particularly with the United States marshals, with respect to the handling of cases of mutual interest to both departments. Marshals throughout the Territory are reporting to this office cases of all aliens regarding whom there may be a possibility of securing a deportation order.

During the past year the inspector in charge served as a member of the local exemption board and a considerable portion of his time was taken up with this work

ANARCHISTS.

No information tending to show the presence of anarchists in this district has been received. Since the deportation of an agitator who had been holding forth at the principal railroad camp in the interior, no trouble of an I. W. W. nature has been experienced.

GENERAL.

With the end of the war came a noticeable influx of people into the northland, and up to this time all steamers to Alaska are filled to capacity. This is true to such an extent as to make it impossible at times to secure accommodations on steamers for points where investigations are to be conducted.

A new mining section lying on the Alaska-British Columbia boundary is being developed and gives promise of becoming a permanent camp. It is very probable that it will be necessary to station an inspector there within a few months.

PERSONNEL.

The work of the employees in this district has been loyally and uncomplainingly done. At 5 of the ports, customs officers designated as immigrant inspectors transact such of our business as arises, and at all ports this office depends upon the deputy collectors of customs for service upon boards of special inquiry. These officials have always cheerfully responded to calls, and it is a pleasure to acknowledge indebtedness to them for their hearty cooperation.

The bureau's officers in this district have purchased Liberty bonds and war savings stamps to the extent of their ability.

PASSPORT-PERMIT WORK.

Sixty passport permits were granted; 1 was refused: 3 were canceled: 1 application pending at the close of the fiscal year. One citizen's.identity card for insular travel was issued.

The amount allotted to this district for carrying on this work was $500, of which $101.65 was expended.

COMMISSIONER OF IMMIGRATION, MONTREAL, CANADA, IN CHARGE OF DISTRICT NO. 1, COMPRISING CANADIAN ATLANTIC SEAPORTS AND THE CANADIAN BORDER EAST OF THE EASTERLY LINE OF MONTANA, WITH HEADQUARTERS AT MONTREAL.

With the return to Canada of the Canadian expeditionary forces, among which troops were large number of former United States citizens and aliens formerly resident in the United States; with the renewal of travel to all parts of the world via Canada with passports regulations to enforce and also the rules applicable to alien enemies; and with applications via border ports showing approximately 75 per cent increase over the year previous, the writer feels perfectly safe in saying that the help employed in this district have put in the most strenuous year experienced since becoming identified with the service.

If the homecoming of the soldiers and the signing of the peace terms only serve to lighten the strain under which our officers have been compelled to work, they will have special cause for gratitude that the war has been brought to an end.

The report here submitted covers the second year's enforcement of the present law, and greater familiarity with the law's provisions on the part of aliens seeking entry to the United States from Canada has simply operated to make more numerous the attempts to circumvent the requirements of the law, in consequence of which officers have been compelled to exercise the utmost care in the performance of their inspection duties to prevent wholesale violations of the act.

139446°-19-25

APPLICATIONS.

As aliens are examined in this district for admission to the United States both at Canadian seaports and at land border ports, and are classified into five general groups according to length of residence in Canada, statistics are presented for each group separately, as well as for the entire number examined. It will be noted that the first four groups consist of aliens from countries other than Canada.

Class A.--Aliens manifested on board steamships and examined at Atlantic seaports on arrival in Canada under the immigration laws of the United States: Of this class the total number of arrivals during the past year was 3,125, of whom 3,110 have been admitted and 8 debarred. Percentage of debarred, 0.25.

Class B.- Aliens coming originally to Canada, and who sought entry to the United States within one year from date of arrival in Canada: Of this class 2,500 aliens were examined at border ports of entry, and 78, or 3.12 per cent, debarred.

Class C--Aliens who entered Canada via the United States, and aliens from the United States, who sought reentry thereto within one year: Examined, 2,493, and 130, or 5.21 per cent, debarred.

Class D.-Aliens who applied for admission to the United States after a residence in Canada of more than one year: Examined, 14,074, and 712, or 5.06 per cent, debarred.

Class E-Citizens of Canada, entering the United States for permanent residence: Examined, 47,304 of whom 3,194, or 6.75 per cent, were debarred.

In addition to the number of debarred aliens above shown, there were 5,655 aliens of classes B to E, inclusive, who applied for admission for temporary purposes only, and who were excluded.

The above may be summarized as follows:

A total of 65,367 applicants, an increase of 85 per cent over the preceding year, were admitted through this district during the fiscal year just closed, and 9,777 (including 5,655 of the nonstatistical class) were debarred, an increase of more than 70 per cent over the number excluded during the fiscal year ended June 30, 1918. Arrivals via Canadian Atlantic seaports for the year numbered 3,125, while 72,026 of the border class were examined and included in immigration statistics. The exclusions of the transoceanic class arriving at Canadian seaports numbered only 8, or about one-fourth of one per cent; and 9,769, or 13 per cent, of those of the border class were debarred.

In addition to those referred to in the foregoing, 5.085 were refused examination on account of failure to provide for payment of head tax; 1.810 returned from the border for board of special inquiry, who failed to appear for examination; and 557 referred to boards of special inquiry from railway stations and wharves also failed to appear for examination, making a total of 82.603 applications handled during the year.

United States citizens, former residents of Canada, to the number of 16,930, returned during the year to resume permanent residence in the United States, and 20,702 aliens not included in immigration statistics were admitted for transit purposes. Transit aliens, of course, require practically the same examination and registration as those admitted for permanent purposes.

During the first five months of the past fiscal year, the movement of aliens from Canada to the United States was noticeably held in check by the war restrictions of both countries.

Persons subject to the military rules of Canada were granted permits to leave that country only upon the most urgent grounds, and naturally the restrictions applicable to men of the military age were reflected in the limited travel of those of the female sex. The signing of the armistice, however, and cancellation of the rules which had so materially affected immigration from Canada since the commencement of the war, almost immediately served to stimulate travel from the Dominion until it was quite similar to that dealt with in prewar times.

The following comparison will prove of interest by way of showing immigration from Canada for 7 months during the progress of the war, and then for the same number of months following the signing of the armistice:

From December 1, 1917, to June 30, 1918, inclusive, 22.762 aliens were admitted from Canada, while in the corresponding period following the armistice (December 1, 1918, to June 30, 1919, inclusive), the admissions from that country amounted to 53.244. The figures given include a considerable number of ex-Canadian soldiers formerly resident in the United States and who were returning thereto under the authority contained in the congressional joint resolution No. 44, but in view of the fact that there has been practically no transoceanic imn igration to Canada since the outbreak of the war, the number of aliens migrating from Canada to the United States for permanent stay since December 1, 1918, seems notably significant.

CHINESE IMMIGRATION,

The following figures cover the transactions in this district in the cases of Chinese applicants for admission, all of such applications having been handled at the Montreal office. Nearly every class of Chinese applicant is embraced in the total (98), which includes 3 native-born citizens; 4 foreign-born children of American citizens; 1 foreignborn adopted child of an American citizen; 2 citizens' wives; 3 section-6 merchants; 5 returning merchants; 5 merchants' wives; 7 merchants' children; 1 section-6 student; 5 returning students; 1 section-6 traveler; and 61 in transit to foreign destinations.

Fifteen of the Chinese embraced in the foregeing figures were not counted in immigration statistics for the period, either because their stay in the United States was to be of a temporary character or because they were returning to the United States after only a brief absence therefrom.

Two Chinese aliens were debarred, 1 under the immigration law (for trachoma) and 1 under the Chinese-exclusion laws.

Regarding Chinese of the exempt classes, who are still subject to the rule which precludes the admission of such aliens to the United States excepting via certain stipulated ports-an embargo and humiliation not imposed on the subjects of any other country in the world-the experiences of the past year have not served to change the writer's views as to the unwisdom of enforcing the restriction mentioned.

Every possible effort is being made by the commercial interests of our country at the present time to secure a larger share of the practically limitless trade to be had in China, and merchants of that country who are visiting the United States in increased numbers for the purchase of goods can not but feel humiliated and annoyed when told that, in visiting the United States, they will not be able to enjoy that freedom of travel that is the heritage and privilege of the subjects of all other nations of the world, but that their route of travel has already been defined in rules promulgated by the Government for the control of Chinese.

The termination of the war and the international complications incident thereto present new argument for a modification of the Chinese rule which operates to circumscribe the freedom of travel of Chinese of the exempt classes. The recommendation contained in last year's report for the modification of the rule in question is respectfully renewed.

JAPANESE IMMIGRATION.

Only 31 Japanese aliens applied for admission in this district during the year, 30 of whom were admitted and 1 debarred. Those admitted, with the exception of 5, were in possession of proper passports. Three of those without proper passports proved to be nonlaborers, I a former resident, and the other a citizen of Canada.

DEPORTATIONS (EXPULSIONS).

Cases involving aliens other than Chinese aggregating 2,728 were considered; 1,516 warrants of arrest were applied for; 1,378 such warrants were issued by the department, 1,172 of which were served and hearings conducted thereunder.

Proceedings were canceled as regards 475 aliens, and 697 were deported.

Of these, 583 were deported to Canada, 390 being cases arising in this district and 193 coming from other districts.

There were 83 deported to transoceanic countries, 9 by way of Canadian seaports, and 74 through American ports; and 31 were deported to Mexico.

DEPORTATIONS OF UNITED STATES CITIZENS FROM CANADA TO THE UNITED STATES.

During the past year the Canadian Government reported to this office the cases of 395 United States citizens whose deportation from that country had been ordered. Investigations were conducted as to all of these, with the result that 209 deportations took place, 109 cases were dropped by the Canadian Government for lack of proof of American citizenship, and 77 such cases are now pending. Of those deported 109 were American citizens who had been convicted of crime in Canada, 30 were insane, and 28 were public charges from other causes.

In addition to the foregoing there were 19 aliens, formerly resident in the United States, deported thereto from Canada under our so-called reciprocal arrangement, said aliens having been previously within one year refused admission to Canada.