Automotive Lead Emissions, Hearings Before the Panel on Environmental Science and Technology of the Subcommittee on Environmental Pollution of ..., 93-2... |
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additional adults air lead air quality airborne lead ambient air amount of lead areas aromatics asbestos Asbestosis atmosphere automobile automotive average blood lead concentrations blood lead levels body burden cadmium cars catalyst catalytic converters cent childhood lead poisoning City clinical Combustion of Leaded concentration of lead cost dirt dust effects of lead emission control systems emission standards environment Environmental Health EPA's Epstein estimates Ethyl Ethyl Corporation evidence exhaust fuel economy health effects Health Hazards increase indicate industry ingestion intake lead absorption lead concentrations lead emissions lead exposure lead in air lead in blood lead in gasoline lead paint lead poisoning lead traps lead-free leaded gasoline levels of lead mercury mesothelioma methylmercury miles muffler nonleaded octane particulate Pediatrics pica poisoning in children Pollution population problem Public Health reactor reduction samples significant source of lead Table thermal reactor toxic unleaded urban vehicles µg/m³
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Page 281 - Arts after consultation with the Secretary of State for Scotland and the Secretary of State for Wales.
Page 845 - Our usual mechanism for limiting the use resources and leading them into their highest productivity employments is the prices which are established in markets through exchanges between buyers and sellers. For common property resources this mechanism does not function, and they must become the focus for collective or public management, unless they are to be severely overused and misused. This idea has been well developed in the economics literature with respect to particular resources like ocean fisheries.
Page 852 - ... many instances, the most effective means for reducing waste discharges is internal process change and recovery and recycle of materials that would otherwise be lost. Similarly, under our present property Institutions, municipalities are paying only part of the social costs of disposing waste to streams, and what they pay is rather capriciously distributed depending on how much waste water treatment they have implemented. The effluent charges system would give these municipalities an incentive...
Page 639 - The Environment and Disease: Association or Causation." "Our observations reveal an association between two variables, perfectly clear-cut and beyond what we would care to attribute to the play of chance. What aspects of that association should we especially consider before deciding that the most likely interpretation of it is causation?
Page 639 - All scientific work is incomplete — whether it be observational or experimental. All scientific work is liable to be upset or modified by advancing knowledge. That does not confer upon us a freedom to ignore the knowledge we already have, or to postpone action that it appears to demand at a given time.
Page 633 - Japanese storage-battery plants, with the histories of those working in non-lead occupations. The sterile marriages constituted 24.7 percent for the lead group, and only 14.8 percent for the nonlead group ; the percentage of pregnancies ending prematurely or in stillbirth was 8.2 for the lead group and 0.2 for the control group.
Page 845 - The one feature which all of these common property (or environmental) resources have in common is that they are subject to congestion. At some low level of use, an additional user of the resource may impose virtually no cost on others. However, a point is reached where an additional user will cause others to have to incur additional costs or suffer disutilities associated with congestion.
Page 633 - There can be little doubt that exposure of mothers to lead has a damaging effect upon fertility, the course of pregnancy and the development of the fetus.
Page 634 - ... cured, who then turned up in my neurological clinic because they were misbehaving in one way or another, or not learning in school. One kid set the schoolroom on fire, another nice little girl danced around on the desk.
Page 607 - Affairs United States Senate Washington, DC 20510 Dear Mr. Chairman: Thank you for the opportunity to contribute additional information for the record.