Analogy in the Semitic Languages |
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¹ Cf 3d pers According Amharic Amharische Sprache analogical changes analogical formations analogy of verbs Arabic Aramaic Aramean Assyrian Barth Beiträge zur Assyriologie Broken Plural classes of weak confusion conjugations consonant consonantal Delitzsch derived different classes Ethiopic feminine form qătil formative element forms from stems further analogical Gramm Grammatik Hiphil i-vowel imperative infinitive absolute infixed inflection influence of analogy instances intransitive Leipzig Mandean masc masculine metaplasm Mishna modern Syriac Niphal Nöld Nöldeke Nominalbildung nouns organic form original bi-consonantal stem original i-imperfect participle peculiarities perfect phonetic law Piel plural ending plural forms possessive suffix Praetorius preformative prepositions prevailing analogy pronominal suffix Prov qatal qatil reflexive prefix regarded result of analogy Semitic languages signification singular Stade stems beginning strong verb syllable Syriac Grammar Talmud three stem-consonants Tigriña Sprache tion transitive treated tri-consonantal stems verbs mediae vocalization vowel changes weak stems weak verbs words ZDMG 41
Popular passages
Page 11 - ... limited likeness of signification, be confused into one word by the process known as "contamination of form." No instance of this kind in Semitic has occurred to me. II. Affinity of Signification and Diversity of Form. Words totally dissimilar in form...
Page 13 - Assyrian plural it&ti for id&ti, from i((u, which stands for idtu? the feminine of idu, hand. B. Levelling between the different forms for person and number in the same tense of the verb. Analogical influence of this kind is very conspicuous in the inflection of the perfect of the Semitic verb. The original paradigm probably was as follows, in the singular :* qatal a.
Page 12 - kosef orm " of Heinrich, while Mietz is presumably onomatopoetic in origin (cf. mimi, miau, etc.). III. Likeness of Function and Diversity of Form. — Words differing in form are reduced to groups upon the basis of likeness of function, ie of likeness of use in the economy of the sentence and for the expression of like modifications of thought. This grouping manifests itself in changes of outward form. It applies to like cases of different nouns, like moods and tenses of different verbs, etc.,...
Page 12 - ... This is the only plausible explanation yet offered of this distinctively Greek suffix. It is a natural tendency of language to divide an obscurely constructed word, so that, if possible, one of its elements may seem to make sense. IV. Contrast of Signification and Partial Likeness of Form. — WO...
Page 11 - The operation of analogy in language is in every case ultimately conditioned and determined by the natural quest of the mind for unity to replace multiplicity, system to replace anomalous diversity, and groups to replace monads. The office of the psychical factor in the development of language is therefore the maintenance and re-establishment of the groups which the phonetic laws tend to disrupt, and the creation of new groups. It aims to eliminate purposeless variety.
Page 13 - Hom.) is formed after the pattern of eratpa (for *eTapia). 1 Osthoff, Jen. Literaturzeitg., 1878, Art. 476; Geschichte d. Perf. 449 Anm. 1 Osthoff, Morph. Unters., II. 35. V. Likeness of Signification and Partial Likeness of Form. — Words whose stems have a like signification and are similar but not like in form are grouped together upon the basis both of meaning and form, and a levelling of the form of the stems is the result. This is the most widely extended and most generally recognized of the...
Page 13 - V. Likeness of Signification and Partial Likeness of Form. Words whose stems have a like signification and are similar but not like in form are grouped together upon the basis both of meaning and form, and a levelling of the form of the stems is the result. Under this head Wheeler brings the following classes of analogical formations : A. Levelling between different cases of like stems. As an instance, somewhat similar at least to the instances mentioned by Wheeler under this head, may be mentioned...
Page 55 - Grammar (Leipzig, 1877), on page 42, §47, notes the fact that "the remarkable transition of z, which has arisen from a, to i in the hiphil has perhaps originated according to an erroneous analogy from the conjugation of the verbs mediae v,y, where this I is phonetically legitimate.
Page 34 - ... and arrives at the conclusion that originally the plural of segolates was distinguished from the singular only by giving the characteristic vowel a different position. His explanation of malk-ai. is phonetically impossible. (5) The explanation which I have made my own is that given by Salter Brooks, Vestiges of the Broken Plural in Hebrew, Dublin, 1883 (the pamphlet appears to be unknown in Germany). Brooks, it seems, was unaware of the fact that he had been anticipated by Ernst Meier, Die Bitdung...