until the whole joint is completely covered (figs. 192 and 193). This bandage fits neatly and is hard to displace. In bandaging the fingers or hands three or four turns are generally made first around the wrist to gain a point of support and then the bandage run to the fin FIG. 200.-First step, figure of eight of the calf. gers or palm of the FIG. 203.-Bandaging the foot. ways best to begin at the ankle, making several turns, and then to work down to the part which it is desired to cover (fig. 196). In bandaging the foot and leg the ends of the toes must be always left exposed. The pressure of the bandage should always be greater at the bottom and gradually decreased as it goes up the leg. FIG. 201.-Second step, fig. ure of eight of the calf. THE RECURRENT BANDAGE. When it is necessary to cover the end of a finger or stump, several circular turns are made at the base, and then the bandage is led backward and forward from the base over the end, the loops being held by the fingers until they are secured by regular spiral turns (figs. 207 and 208). The great objection to the roller bandage in first-aid work is the practice required to apply it so that it will remain in place and also the difficulty which is encountered in trying to obtain these bandages in an emergency. FIG. 202.-Figure of eight of the calf, completed. Most bandages are difficult to describe in words and are better understood from pictures, hence a number of illustrations of the most useful types have been included in this supplement. THE TRIANGULAR BANDAGE. The triangular bandage has been much advocated for emergency use and for those who are inexperienced with the roller bandage. This bandage, also called the Esmarch's bandage, comes in the shape of a triangle, being about 36 inches long on the short sides and about 51 inches on the diagonal. Such a bandage makes an excellent sling and also a good tourniquet. It can be used to completely envelop a hand or foot in the case of a crushing injury (fig. 210). Folded up on itself so as to make a strip about 4 inches wide, it is known as the "cravat" bandage, and is useful for holding dressings in place about the head. The various applications of the Esmarch bandage can be best understood by a study of the illustrations. EXPLANATION OF NUMBERS SHOWN ON FIGURES IN ILLUSTRATION OF ESMARCH BANDAGE (fig. 209). 1. Broken leg below knee and at ankle. Umbrella used as splint. 2. Broken arm-upper arm and at wrist. Rough wood splints used. 3. Hand bandage. (See also No. 7.) · 4. Wide sling for arm. 5. Upper-arm bandage. (See also No. 18.) 6. Thigh bandage. 7. Hand bandage. (See also No. 3.) 8. Eye bandage. 9. Scalp bandage. 10. Chin and face bandage. 11. Knee bandage. 12. Wrist and fore..rm bandage. Rough wood splints used. 13. Bandage for back. 14. Elbow bandage. 15. Foot bandage. 16. Splint and bandage for broken thigh and ankle. 17. Splint and bandage for broken leg. 18. Arm bandage. 19. Chest bandage, rear view. 20. Chest bandage, front view. 21. Skull bandage. 22. Forehead bandage. 23. Heel bandage. 24. Narrow sling for arm. 26. Forearm bandage. 29. Throat bandage. 31. Hip bandage. 32. Shoulder bandage. 33. Stopping artery bleeding of arm with hand pressure. 37, 38. Removing foreign substance from eye. The triangle bandage is frequently found in first-aid packets and is sometimes covered with pictures illustrating its use. However, such bandages are generally stiff and difficult to apply snugly. 129054°-19 -18 |