wholesome constraint all parts of the being and brings them into harmonious relations with one another and with the laws of God. It is a vehicle by means of which the inner life of the soul is transformed into outer expression as action and conduct, and together with its companion, art, more perfectly than any other human means gives to that expression beauty and harmony and truth.

Thus, is established organically the relationship of music to all education that is comprehensive and vital-education that means enhancement of power through co-operation with strong spiritual forces-education that aims for largest capacity and the highest forms of service.

WHAT THEY SAY.

LUTHER BURBANK: You can never bring up a child to its best estate without love.

"UNCLE JOE" CANNON: No one can strengthen the legs of a child by walking for him. Each must shinny on his own side.

CHARLES B. AYCOCK: The taxation that goes for the upbuilding of the public schools is the very freedom and liberty of the people.

SUPERINTENDENT M. A. CASSIDY, Lexington, Ky.: The wise teacher will break down the artificial divisions in arithmetic, and teach it as a related whole.

DR. G. STANLEY HALL: May we not reverently ask, what shall it profit a child if he gain the whole world of knowledge and lose his health, or what shall he give in exchange for his health?

MRS. J. L. GAYNOR, St. Joseph, Mo.: Music should stand in the educational plan where English stands. If taught properly in the school it will benefit the pupil. It should be taught to be spoken, written, and read.

SUPERINTENDENT S. R. SHEAR, Kingston, N. Y.: There is a strong tendency in these days to place too much responsibility on the public schools. The school, without the co-operation of home and church, can never produce a high state of civilization.

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OFFICIAL DEPARTMENT

State Board of Education

JAMES N. GILLETT, President of the Board.......Governor, Sacramento MORRIS ELMER DAILEY...... President State Normal School, San Jose J. F. MILLSPAUGH......... President State Normal School, Los Angeles . President State Normal School, Chico BENJAMIN IDE WHEELER.. President University of California, Berkeley ALEXIS F. LANGE.

C. C. VAN LIEW..

.Professor of Theory and Practice of Education, University of Cal. SAMUEL T. BLACK. President State Normal School, San Diego FREDERIC BURK. President State Normal School, San Francisco

EDWARD HYATT, Secretary of Board.....

.Superintendent Public Instruction, Sacramento

Little Talks by the Way.

(Under this head Superintendent Hyatt will try to give some account of what he sees and hears and thinks in traveling about officially among the schools of California.. It will be somewhat hasty and ill-digested, being jottings on the road. It will deal with personal experiences, and so may look egotistic. It will be subject to frequent change of opinion, and will seem inconsistent. It is done as a free and easy means of communication between the school people of the State and the central school office. If it provokes retort or comment, that will be printed, too, provided that it be brief and interesting.)

Commencement at Fresno

The Fresno high school held its graduation exercises in the Barton opera house on the evening of June 11th. Principal Olney presided. The class of 43 members were seated on the stage. The music was furnished by the high school orchestra and it was just as good as anybody's orchestra. The orator of the evening was President Burk of the San Francisco normal school. His theme was "Civic Patriotism." It was a caustic, witty, sarcastic. pessimistic arraignment of present and past generations for their follies and extravagances of government, followed by a vigorous picture of the Roosevelt policy as the patriotic path for the future to follow. The address was printed in full in the Fresno Republican next day. It was a brilliant piece of work and it reads as well as it sounds.

Of the 43 graduates 26 were girls, 17 boys. None of the students came before the audience with essays or orations; the

program consisted of music, the address, and presenting of diplomas—no more. The flowers and presents for the graduates were piled up at the footlights, a cord or more, but were not publicly presented. The owners claimed them upon dismissal.

This Leads Me to Think That

This lack of public recognition, this obscurity surrounding the gifts to the graduates from their parents and friends is a good thing. We can admire the love and loyalty and pride in their offspring that leads people to reward them publicly on their graduation day by lovely gold watches, handsome books, splendid baskets of flowers, necklaces and what not. The ceremony of presenting these things amid the plaudits of the admiring multitude is a pretty one, spectacular and altogether charming. But we must not forget that the public school is the rightful home of all our people, and that among our people must always be many who cannot have gold watches on graduation day. Hell hath no torment like those of the sensitive child who is publicly slighted before his mates-whose clothes are poorer, whose flowers are cheaper, whose gifts are conspicuous only by their absence. That makes deep and painful and poisoned wounds that are felt for fifty years to come. True, they ought not to feel so; and it doesn't show in the public function. But it is a cruel fact nevertheless; and I regard it as a humane and patriotic thing for the high school officials of this State to do all they can in the years of the future to prevent the pecuniary inequalities of their students from showing forth to their assembled world on graduation day.

Grammar School Graduation

Next day the Fresno grammar school held its commencement at 10 o'clock in the morning in the auditorium of the Washington school, in charge of Frank H. Lane, the principal. County Superintendent Lindsay and City Superintendent McLane were in attendance. A splendid address was given by Senator Cartwright of Fresno. The graduating class numbered 140, and was really about 200, since a mid-year class

also was graduated. The girls were all dressed in white, with red letters "08" on their arms. None of the pupils took part in the exercises except to sing in the numerous songs and to receive the diplomas. The giving of each diploma was greeted by a vigorous burst of applause from the audience-140 bursts, with two or three extra for good measure.

Hearing the names of the graduates, one is struck by the cosmopolitan character of the people of Fresno. Here are a few: Hranoosh Davidian, Pong Lee, James Dougherty O'Grady, Milka Popovich, Avis Servaty, Eloise Reiss, Frank Luckensmeyer, San Michaelian, Cleone Schmitz, Dora For-. shee, Mary Preuschoff, Edna Sahm, Jennie Hansen.

Many nationalities are represented-Chinese, Negro, Turk, Irish, German, Armenian, Italian, Scandinavian Missourian. Superintndent McLane told me he had one room of 35 pupils wherein 15 different nationalities were represented. Fresno being an interior county, we would not expect such a diversity of races. But her products are diverse-raisins, wine, figs, lumber, oil, dairy products, metals-and they draw diverse peoples to handle them. No finer example can be found anywhere of the real function of the American public school-the place where children from all the world are taken in and taught to live together, to understand each other, to grow into good citizens together.

A Beautiful School

The most elegant school I have ever seen is the new high school at San Diego, dedicated last month. It is built of sviid granite, and cost $200,000. Its architect is F. S. Allen of Pasadena. Its outside appearance did not strike me as so remarkable as did the inside richness of equipment. The doors and woodwork are of polished mahogany, the heavier ones being of massive oak. The laboratories, lecture rooms and class rooms are fitted up regardless of expense; nothing that could add to the efficiency or attractiveness of the work has been omitted. Slate and marble slabs have been used for desk tops in the laboratories; the lecture rooms are fitted up with photographic apparatus and stereopticans. The whole plant is said to be more thoroughly equipped than any other school west of the Rocky mountains. The accompanying pictures will give some idea of it, perhaps.