other cultivation, except to harrow in the seed. The kind of wheat is what is here known as the Mediterranean. Expenses of the crop: DR. To five days' plowing with three horses and two men,. three days' harrowing, two horses and one man, $2 per day, eight bushels seed wheat, at $1,. harvesting and stacking,. threshing,..... marketing, (half the crop sold at home for seed,).. $15 00 6.00 8.00 12.00 15 00 5 00 Says: I raised a crop of white winter wheat the past season upon a certain piece of land, surveyed by J. S. Lemon; that the quantity of wheat grown thereon was one hundred and eighty-nine and one-half bushels, measured in a sealed half bushel; that he was assisted in harvesting and measuring said crop of wheat by Henry Ledbetter; that the statement annexed, subscribed by this deponent as to the manner of cultivation, expense, etc., is in all respects true to the best of his knowledge and belief; and that the sample of grain exhibited is a fair average sample of the whole crop. JOHN J. WOODSIDE. STATEMENT OF JOHN J. WOODSIDE, RANDOLPH COUNTY. WINTER WHEAT. I raised a crop of May (winter) wheat the past season, upon a certain piece of land, surveyed by J. S. Lemon; that the quantity of wheat grown thereon was one hundred and ninety-seven and onehalf bushels, measured in a sealed half bushel; that he was assisted in harvesting and measuring said crop of wheat by Henry Ledbetter; that the statement annexed, subscribed by this deponent, as to the manner of cultivation, expenses, etc., is in all respects true, to the best of his knowledge and belief; and that the sample of grain exhibited is a fair average sample of the whole crop. JOHN J. WOODSIDE. STATEMENT OF S. W. ARNOLD. SPRING WHEAT. Statement of the method of cultivation of 5 13-100 acres of spring wheat, raised by S. W. Arnold, Cortland, Illinois, season of 1861: Ground, high, slightly rolling prairie. The present is the third crop of wheat in succession; ground broke four years last spring; plowed last October in the ordinary manner, with two horses, about six inches deep; was sown about 1st of April, with about two bushels clean seed of the China Tea variety; harrowed once, and cross harrowed once, and finally rolled with a wooden roller. No manure has ever been used on the land, except a small straw stack was burned on a few square rods. To 2 days' plowing, at 81 50 per day, 1 day dragging and rolling,. sowing 38, reaping cents per acre, $1 56,. binding and stacking,. threshing 111% bushels at 8 cents, cost of freight to Chicago and commission for selling, 10 cents, 2 bushels per acre, seed, 12 bushels, at 75 cents,.. Total cost delivered in Chicago,.... 84 25 1 50 194 4.00 8.92 11 15 987 $41 13 The wheat is still on hand reserved for seed, and the Committee may put what price they please upon it, having reference to Chicago price current. S. W. ARNOLD. STATEMENT OF HENRY'S. BOIES, SYCAMORE, DEKALB COUNTY. SPRING WHEAT. Statement in regard to Spring Wheat: The land upon which this crop was raised, was well manured in the spring of the previous year with barn-yard manure, and mostly planted to potatoes, of which a good crop was raised, and, as the digging of the potatoes left the land in the fall in fine order, it was not plowed at all for this crop; but, on the 25th day of March, I sowed ten bushels of Java wheat upon it broadcast. The ground at this time was thawed out only about three inches deep, but was dry at the surface. I dragged it in one way, about half covering it on that day, and at night it rained. Next night it froze-the night after it snowed, and continued freezing, thawing, raining and snowing, for about a week. Some ten days later, I finished dragging in some part of it, and left part of it, that which was left half dragged turning out rather the best. The crop looked very finely during its whole growth, and promised to yield very heavily; but the same cause which reduced the crop of our county to about one-half the average (I hardly know exactly what,) affected this to a considerable extent, leaving, however, a very good profit for a year of failure of crops, as will be seen by the annexed statement, which I take from my account book: DR. FIELD NO. 2-SPRING WHEAT. To 14 days' work of man, and 1 days' work of team, sowing and dragging.. 10 bushels seed wheat, 80 cts...... Reaping 5% acres at 75 cents.. Binding, 4 days.... Setting up, 14 days.. Stacking Threshing. $2 13 8.00 4 13 4 16 1 43 2.80 CR. By 180 bushels No. 1 wheat on hand now, worth 60 cents.. Net profit...... 13 00 $35 65 .$78 00 35 65 $42 35 130 bushels, divided by 5 47-100 acres, makes 23 76-100 bushels per acre. H. L. BOIES. STATEMENT OF S. WILBER. ONIONS. MOMENCE, KANKAKEE COUNTY, ILLINOIS, To the Corresponding Secretary of the State Agricultural Society: The yield from the one-fourth acre was 1753 bushels, at the rate of 702 bushels to the acre; soil black, sandy loam, rather inclined to moisture; had been cultivated in onions for six consecutive years, and well manured each year except one. This year applied ten loads of well rotted manure, after plowing; evenly spread and harrowed in. Quantity of seed, one pound; variety, Danvers Yellow; sowed May 9th, with hand-drill in rows 14 inches apart. Harvested September 23d; I raised them for seed; price estimated at fifty cents per bushel; account of expenses carefully kept; and the following is my statement: I raised one-fourth acre of the Red Onion contiguous to the other, which yielded only 153 bushels. I sowed, this year, one-half pound less seed than last, and raised larger onions, but about the same number of bushels. My manure cost only the hauling-about 15 cents per load. The crop was measured in a sealed half-bushel. SLOCUM WILBER. STATEMENT OF S. W. ARNOLD. OATS. Statement of manner of cultivation of a field of oats raised by S. W. Arnold, of Cortland, DeKalb county, Illinois, in 1861: Land broke four years ago last spring; first crop wheat, second corn, third wheat, fourth oats. Manner and time of plowing, dragging and rolling, about the same as the statement for spring wheat; quantity of seed, between four and five bushels per acre, (not measured exactly ;) sown with Cahoon's Broadcast Hand-sower, the 29th day of April, 1861. Plowing, 5 days at $1 50. Dragging and rolling, 2 days.. Sowing, 50 cents; seed at 80 cents per bushel, about $8 60. Reaping, 62 cents per acre.... Binding and stacking.. Threshing.. Cost of production....... $7 50 8 00 4 10 6 45 8 28 18 44 .$42 77 Crop on hand worth very little to sell; Committee can value it as they please; cost of carriage to Chicago and commission for selling, about six cents per bushel. S. W. ARNOLD. STATEMENT OF S. W. ARNOLD. BEANS. Statement of the manner of cultivation, etc., of a field of Beans, raised by S. W. Arnold, of Cortland, DeKalb county, Illinois, in 1861: Ground occupied last year by water melons, which were slightly manured in the hill with hog and cow manure; ground broke five years ago last spring; ground rather low, but not at all wet; plowed in common way, 27th May; dragged alternately several times; marked out with horses; rows 15 inches apart; planted 28th of May; 15 inches apart between hills, four beans in a hill, and covered with hoe; dressed out twice with hoe, and harvested in September; yield thirteen bushels nineteen pounds. Plowing, dragging, rolling and marking, day.. 2 pecks beans at $1 per bushel.. Pulling and stacking, 2 days.... Total cost of production ...... $ 75 1 50 62 1 50 75 $5 12 Mostly sold in Chicago at $1 25 per bushel, freight and commission, 10 cents..... $1 15 $15 33 S. W. ARNOLD. MANUFACTURE OF SUGAR AND SIRUP. STATEMENT OF J. H. SMITH, OF QUINCY, ILLINOIS. The little experience which I have had for the last few years, in the culture of the soil and manufacturing sirup and sugar from the Chinese and African canes, has been fraught with much interest and encouragement. The farming community in our district have generally expressed full satisfaction for the munificent returns for their labors. Not less than six thousand barrels of good sirup have been manufactured in Adams county this season; while in fact our implements were of the rudest material, and unfit to make good experiments. Hereafter we shall spare no means for a proper outfit. We have used the Cincinnati Crusher and Cook's Evaporating Pan, No. 3; and a long pan put in connection with this, say 2 feet wide and 20 feet long, the bottom being of copper, or galvanized iron, has produced far the best and most economical results in our experience, making 250 to 375 gallons per day, with one cord of wood. We use the evaporator until the juice is thoroughly clarified and no white, gluey scum making its appearance, and that disappears at about 20 deg. to 25 deg. Beaume; then it passes gradually into the long pan, which is also under a concentrated boil, running itself down to the end of the long pan, and as it reaches 35 deg. to 37 deg. Beaume, the gate is opened into a large flat cooler that will hold the labor of the day. Frequently stirring it through the day, the next morning you will find a considerable granulation, if from the African cane, similar to the specimens in the bottle now presented for your consideration, in sirup and sugar, and without the aid of any chemical agent, and nothing but skimmer and fire. The sulphite of lime will extract all the acid from the sugar, if a solution of it |