Reactivity and Transport of Heavy Metals in SoilsThe fate of heavy metal particles in the environment is important because they tend to be reactive, mobile, and highly toxic. Reactivity and Transport of Heavy Metals in Soils examines the sometimes complex interactions that occur between metals and the soil they occupy. It discusses basic kinetic concepts and covers the predictability and consequences of metal-soil interactions. This practical guide presents and explains heavy metal issues crucial to hazardous waste site cleanup, including: |
Contents
Preface | 1 |
Asymptotic Behavior | 14 |
Data Analysis Methods | 43 |
Column Transport Methods | 49 |
Kinetic Retention Approaches | 57 |
Sensitivity Analysis | 65 |
One Site or Two Sites | 73 |
16 | 91 |
A SecondOrder TwoSite Transport Model | 113 |
Applications | 127 |
MobileImmobile or TwoRegion Transport Approaches | 135 |
Sensitivity Analysis | 146 |
Multicomponent and Competitive Ion Exchange Approaches | 157 |
Relationship between Models and Soil Chemical Reactions | 175 |
| 183 | |
69 | 184 |
48 | 96 |
Sensitivity Analysis | 100 |
Applications | 107 |
SteadyState Flow | 190 |
| 197 | |
Common terms and phrases
adsorption approach assumed batch rate coefficients batch reactor behavior breakthrough curves BTCs BTCs shown C/Co cation Cecil soils chemical cm³ constant Cr(VI describe desorption diffusion dimensionless dispersion Effluent concentration distributions equilibrium experimental first-order fraction Freundlich equation goethite H. M. Selim heavy metals immobile water input ion exchange ionic strength irreversible reaction kaolinite kinetic data kinetic reactions Langmuir equation mass transfer metals in soils mg L-¹ minerals miscible displacement mmol model predictions multireaction model nonlinear obtained oxide oxyanion parameters pore volumes processes pulse rate coefficients rate function reaction rate reactive solutes retention mechanism retention reactions S₁ second-order Selim and Amacher shown in Figure simulations Smax soil column soil matrix Soil Sci soil solution solid phase solute concentration solute retention solute transport sorbed sorption isotherms specific sorption Sposito surface complexation time-dependent tritium two-site model type 2 sites values Water Resour Windsor soil