Machine Molding, Dry-sand and Loam Work, Foundry Appliances, Foundry Chemistry, Cupola Practice, Mixing Cast Iron, Malleable Cast Iron, Steel Casting, Brass and Alloy FoundingInternational Textbook Company, 1915 - Cast-iron |
Other editions - View all
Common terms and phrases
added ammonium amount annealing Atomic weight barrel Bessemer blast bottom bricks burned cast iron cent chill clay clean coal combined carbon conveyer cooled cope core crucible cubic centimeters cupola cylinder diameter dissolved dry-sand elements ferrosilicon filter filtrate firebricks flask floor flue flux foundry fracture fuel gases gates grades graphite gray gray iron hard hearth heat Hot Coke Sand hydrochloric acid hydrogen inches iron containing ladle lining loam machine malleable castings manganese material melted iron melting zone metal method mixture mold molding sand nitric acid obtained open-hearth furnace oxide oxygen pattern percentage of silicon phosphorus pieces pig iron pipe placed plate pots pounds poured precipitate pressure produced rammed removed sample scrap shown in Fig shrinkage side silica silicon slag sodium soft solution sprues steel substance sulphide sulphur surface tap hole temperature test bar thick tube tuyères usually washed wheel
Popular passages
Page 22 - British thermal unit is the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 pound of water 1 degree...
Page 15 - Therefore, the specific gravity of a solid or a liquid body is the ratio of its weight to the weight of an equal volume of water...
Page 4 - ... specimens, the following actions were observed: The white irons held their shape, the iron running from the sides and bottom freely, leaving smooth surfaces. The gray irons became soft and dropped in lumps, leaving a ragged surface. Ferromanganese became soft and mushy, exhibiting a consistency of putty before finally running down. Ferrotungsten behaved in the most marked way. As it melted, it acted like white iron, but instead of chilling quickly, it ran through the coke, coming down the spout...
Page 11 - Oxygen occurs abundantly in nature, both in the free state and in combination with other elements. About one-fifth of the atmosphere consists of this gas; it also constitutes eight-ninths, by weight, of water and nearly one-half of the earth's solid crust.
Page 6 - The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 kilogram of water 1 degree Centigrade.
Page 5 - BTU equals 1/180 of the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 pound of pure water from 32°F to 212°F at a pressure of 1 standard atmosphere.
Page 16 - Blowers and fans should have solid foundations and should be located near the cupola, as the farther away they are, the more power is lost by friction in the pipes. The loss of pressure in the pipes increases directly as the length of the pipe and as the square of the velocity of the air. The combined areas of branch pipes should be somewhat greater than that of the main pipe from which they lead, and the area of all pipes should increase as the distance from the blower increases. If the diameter...
Page 16 - Now air consists of 21 per cent. of oxygen and 79 per cent. of nitrogen by volume...
Page 14 - ... antimony, or arsenic, is placed in the gas, it combines with it, with the evolutions of light and heat to form a chloride. Phosphorus at ordinary temperatures, and sodium at more elevated ones, burn in chlorine spontaneously, forming phosphoric and sodium chlorides. Its attraction for hydrogen is specially strong, the two gases exploding violently when mixed together and exposed to sunlight, or on the approach of a flame. In an atmosphere of hydrogen, chlorine gas burns freely, as hydrogen burns...
Page 15 - ... lining, which is very beneficial in resisting the cutting out or burning effect of the first heat, which is always harder on the lining than any that will follow. It is also advisable in the case of a new lining to get the second fire started as soon as practicable after the first, and also to let it burn as long as possible before starting the blast. The shorter the first heat can be made the better, and care should be taken to keep the blast as mild as practicable. By following these directions,...