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Sawyer, Percy, civil engineer and contractor, of Waukesha, Wis., was born in Mt. Pulaski, Logan County, Ill., May 7, 1877. In 1881 his parents moved to Waukesha, where they had both lived in earlier life. His education was received in the common and high schools in Waukesha and at the University of Wisconsin. He has been a civil engineer and contractor since graduation. In 1910 he was secretary of the county committee and assisted in electing the entire ticket. He was elected to the assembly in 1912, receiving 1,895 votes, against 1,509 for A. H. Craig (dem.) and 119 for C. W. Rose (pro.).

Sawyers, John Lazalle, president Centerville National Bank, of Centerville Ia., was born in July, 1856, in Unionville, Ia. He is prominently identified with the business and public affairs of Centerville, La., and has filled various positions of trust and honor. He is president of the Centerville National Bank, vice-president of the Centerville Savings Bank, vice-president of the Southern Iowa Traction Co., and is also identified with various other industrial and financial business enterprises.

Sayre, Ira T., lawyer, banker, fruit grower and statesman, of Flushing, Mich., was born March 6, 1858, in Hector, N.Y. In 1898-1901 he was a member of the Michigan state senate. In 1893-98 he was president of the Industrial School for Boys at Lansing, Mich., and in 1901-06 was state tax commissioner for Michigan. He is engaged in the banking and fruit growing business in Michigan and Alabama.

Sayre, Morton Smith, banker; born in Ohio, 1847; son of John B. and Mary A. (Hanks) Sayre. Educated in academies at Hammondsport and Almond, N.Y.; Alfred Univ., Alfred Center, N.Y. Married Maud M. Swayze, Jan. 1, 1907, at Lakeport, Cal. County clerk Lake County, Cal., 1887-88; dist. atty., 1889-91, 1895-1902; superior judge of Lake County since Sept., 1902. Pres. Bank of Lake, Utopia Quicksilver Mining Co. Served in 161st N.Y. Vol. Inf., Civil War, 1864-65. Member G.A.R., Masons, Odd Fellows, Order of Eastern Star, Daughters of Rebekah. Club: Clear Lake Gun. Address: Lakeport, Cal.

Scales, Dabney Minor, lawyer; born Orange County, Va., June 1, 1842; son of Peter and Anne (Minor) Scales; EnglishDutch descent; educated Chalmers Institute, Holly Springs, United States Naval Academy and University of Mississippi; graduate LL.B. University of Mississippi, June, 1869; passed final examination before Naval Board, Mobile, 1862; married Susan Winchester, January 10, 1885; member I.0.0.F., K. of P. (Grand Chancellor Grand Lodge K. of P.), State Senate 49th General Assembly of 1895; Commission State-Federal Settlement; Acting Midshipman U.S.N., 1859; same C.S.N., May 16, 1861; passed Midshipman October 3, 1862; Master in line promotion January 7, 1864; Second Lieutenant June 2, 1864; service U.S.S. Plymouth, practice cruise 1860; Midshipman under command Commodore Josiah Fattnall, Savannah, Ga.; in battle of Port Royal, S.C., Nov. 7, 1861; on C.S. Ram Arkansas, 1862; C.S.S. Atlanta, Savannah, Ga.; special service 1863; ran blockade Charleston to England via Havana and Nassau, S.S. Shenandoah,

1864-65; surrendered ship at Liverpool, Eng., November 6, 1865, to English government; lived in Mexico, February, 1866, to September, 1866; returned to Holly Springs, September, 1866; member Memphis bar, 1870 to the present time; vestryman Grace Episcopal Church, from 1880 to 1898.

Schenck, Carl Alvin, of Biltmore, N.C. Forestry. Was born, Darmstadt, Germany, March 25, 1868. Tübingen; Ph.D., Giessen, 1891. Private asst., 1891-94; lieut., German army, 1895; forester, Vanderbilt's Biltmore estate, 1895-1909; director, Biltmore Forest Sch., 1898-. Hon. chief forester, Germany. Lumbering; forest technology, protection, mensuration and management; silviculture.

Schieffelin, William Jay, merchant, chemist, of 170 William St., New York City, was born, N.Y. City, April 14, 1866; son William Henry and Mary (Jay) Schieffelin; ed. Columbia Univ. (Sch. of Mines), Ph.B., 1887, Univ. of Munich (Bavaria), Ph.D., 1889; m. N.Y. City, Feb. 5, 1891, Louise Shepard. Became connected with Schieffelin & Co., wholesale druggists, as chemist, 1889, and since 1906 has been its pres. Pres. Nat. Wholesale Druggists Ass'n, 1910; N.Y. B'd of Trade and Transportation; Am. Chem. Soc., London Chem. Soc., Am. Phar. Soc. Served as civil service comm'r, 1896; regimental adj. 12th N.Y. Vols. in Spanish-Am. War. Mem. B'd Mg'rs Am. Bible Soc.; Am. Ch. Missionary Soc. (pres.), Armstrong Ass'n (pres.); trustee Hampton (Va.) Inst. Chm'n Citizens' Union; mem. St. Nicholas Soc., Mil. Order Loyal Legion. Clubs: City, Century, Church.

Schieren, Charles Adolf, ex-mayor of Brooklyn, N.Y., born in Rheinprovinz, Prussia, Feb. 28, 1842; came to America in 1856. Started business of tanner and belt manufacturer, 1868; founder and president of Charles A. Schieren Co., New York. Was mayor of Brooklyn, 1854-95. Chairman state commerce commission, New York, 1900-01. Member charter revision commission, City of New York, 1902-03. President of Brooklyn Academy of Music; vice-president Brooklyn Institute of Arts and Sciences; vice-president Germania Savings Bank; trustee Brooklyn Trust Co.; director Nassau National Bank; trustee of Germania Life Insurance Co., New York; trustee of Greenwood Cemetery. Gave $43,000 to Mechlenberg College, Allentown, Pa., for benefit of young men studying for ministry; gave $50,000 for post-graduate professorship to Mount Airy Seminary, Pa. Member of Hamilton Club (Brooklyn), Union League (New York), Fulton and City Clubs (New York). Trustee of Y.M.C.A., Brooklyn, and Packer Institute, Brooklyn. Member of the Chamber of Commerce, New York.

Schilling, Frank, lawyer; born, Theinheim, Germany, June 18, 1864; son, Ludwig and Kunigunde (Wirth) S. Edu.: public schools, Germany, 1870-76; grad., Praepuranden Schule of Lohron-the-Main, 1881; Lehrer Seminar of Wurzberg-on-the-Main, 1883; St. Joseph's College, Tentopolis, Ill., 1887-88. Married, Katherine Kidney, April 18, 1897. Moved to Cal., 1888. Member law firm, Schilling & Diviny. Maj., Commanding First Reserve Militia, Rifle and Revolver Club of San Francisco. Secy.,

Inter-party Conference, which framed the first primary election law of Cal. Founder of the U.S. Protective Assn. for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children and Animals. Member: San Francisco Bar Assn., W.O.W., Natl. Union. Republican. Res.: 1370 Hayes St.; Office: 860-862 Pacific Bldg., San Francisco, Cal.

Schlesinger, Bert, lawyer; born Birmingham, Eng., April 10, 1865. Educated in public schools; LL.B., Hastings College of Law, 1885. Asst. U.S. atty., 1895-98. Subsequently employed by Government as special counsel in San Francisco Mint cases. Elected two terms to California assembly from thirty-eighth district. Member Masons, San Francisco Bar Assn. Clubs: Press, University of California. Democrat. Residence: 3948 Clay St. Office: Claus Spreckels Bldg., San Francisco, Cal. Democratic nominee for congress from fourth congressional district, 1912.

Schlotterbeck, Julius Otto, of 907 Lincoln Ave., Ann Arbor, Mich. Pharmacognosy. Was born, Ann Arbor, Sept. 1, 1865. Ph.C., Michigan, 1887, B.S., 1891; Ph.D., Berne, 1896. Asst. prof. pharmacog., Michigan, 1896-04, junior prof., 1904-07, dean, sch. pharmacy, 1905-, prof., 1907-. Mem. committee of revision, U.S. Pharmacopoeia, 1910-. F.A.A.; Am. Pharmaceut. Ass.; Mich. Pharmaceut. Ass. Chemistry of plant constituents; development and histology of seeds.-The alkaloids of Adlumia cirrhosa; the chemistry of Stylophorum diphyllum; the development and structure of the seed of Argemone Mexicana; chemistry of Argemone Mexicana; chelidonin; Bocconia cordata; acetyl-salicylic acid; Echinacea angustifolia; creosote bush.-Digestive ferments.

Schmidt, Edward August, brewer and banker of 127 Edward St., Philadelphia, Pa., was born July 6, 1863, in Philadelphia, Pa. He is president of the C. Schmidt and Sons Brewery Company; president of the Robert Smith Ale Brewing Company; president of the Northwestern National Bank; and is also president of the United States Brewers' Association.

Schmidt, Julian G., banker; born Monroe, Wis., Dec. 28, 1855; son of Rudolf and Susan (Closener) Schmidt; educated in Carleton College, Northfield, Minn.; married, Northfield, Minn., 1889, Gertrude Scriver; five children. Engaged in hardware business at Faribault, Minn., 1872-89; banker since 1890; now president Northfield National Bank, Bank of Dinnison, Minn., Bank of Hampton, Minn., First National Bank of West Concord, Minn. Republican; Congregationalist. Trustee Carleton College, Northfield, Minn. Mason. Address: Northfield.

Schmitt, Albert Felix, artist of 221 Columbus Ave., Boston, Mass., was born in 1873 in Boston, Mass. He is assistant instructor of the Museum of Fine Arts; instructor in Boston Avenue Drawing Schools; chairman of department of art, Bradford Academy. Member of faculty and instructor of drawing and painting in the Rhode Island School of Design, Providence, R.I. Represented permanently in the St. Louis Museum of Fine Arts and Museum of Rhode Island School of Design. Member of the Salmagundi Club.

Schmitt, Alfred C., banker; born Pulaski, Wis., Sept. 19, 1870; son C. and Maria Anna (Stark) Schmitt. Education: Two years,

Union Academy, Anna, Ill.; four years, Knox College, Galesburg, Ill.; graduate work, one year at Univ. of Chicago, one and one-half years at Univ. of Leipzig, Germany; one term at Univ. of Cambridge, England; A.B., Knox; Ph.D., Univ. of Leipzig; spent five years teaching in colleges. Married Orpha Josephine Flinn, June 13, 1900, at Albany, Ore. Pres. and dir. First Natl. Bank of Albany; also First Savings Bank, Albany. Member City school board of Albany, Ore.; county school board of Linn County. Appointed first lieutenant in Ill. Natl. Guard in 1896. Member Am. Historical Soc., Am. Economic Assn., Am. Municipal League. Vice-pres. for Oregon of the Am. Bankers Assn. Author: "Origin of Political Parties in U.S." Residence: 726 West 5th St. Office: First National Bank, Albany, Ore.

Schnakenberg, Daniel, insurance broker, president of Hagedorn & Co., of New York City; born at Bremen, Germany, Feb. 21, 1852; educated by father, who was a schoolteacher; married, 1882, Miss Gillespie; two children. Came to America, 1869, where he had in first year a hard fight to make a living; settled in New York City, 1872, and found position with insurance house of H. B. Hagedorn, and after his death became sole proprietor, firm now one of largest in marine insurance business. Member Cotton, Consolidated and Produce exchanges; trustee German Savings Bank; director German-American Bank; treasurer German Society. Clubs: Down Town, Manhattan. Deutscher Verein, New York.

Schoenherr, Oscar, importer, 334 4th Ave., New York City; residence 60 Harrison St., East Orange, N.J. Born in New York City, Jan. 1, 1872. Educated in Brooklyn, N.Y. (Married.) Member Crescent Athletic Club of Brooklyn, Essex County Country Club; trustee of the Village of South Orange, N.J., 1910-12; chairman of the Finance Committee of the Diet Kitchen of the Oranges, 1911- and present; member of the Advisory Committee of the Day Nursery of the Oranges.

Schoff, Hannah Kent, philanthropist; born in Upper Darby, Pa.; daughter of Thomas and Fanny (Leonard) Kent. She was educated in the Mary Anna Longstreth School, Philadelphia, Waltham (Mass.) School, and by private tutors. She married in Clifton Heights, Pa., Oct. 23, 1873, Frederic Schoff, and has seven children. She planned and led the work of securing Juvenile Court and Probation laws in Pennsylvania in 1900, also detention houses for children awaiting trial; organized the probation work for Philadelphia in 1901, aided in the effort to secure these laws in Canada, Great Britain, Hungary, and many of the states; compiled the statutes of every state in the U.S., concerning children; in 1900, organized, in 1899, the Pennsylvania Congress of Mothers, which first established the Parents' Association in Pennsylvania schools. Mrs. Schoff is president of the National Congress of Mothers, under whose auspices three International Congresses in America on the Welfare of the Child have been held in Washington, every nation being invited to participate. She is a member of Mayflower Descendants and the Daughters of the Revolution and president of the Philadelphia Juvenile

Court and Probation Association, and a member of the New Century Club of Philadelphia. She is author of The Wayward Child, magazine articles and Juvenile Court pamphlets and editorials, and is editor of the Child Welfare Magazine, and director Home Education Division of Bureau of Education. Address: 3418 Baring St., Philadelphia.

Schoyer, Alfred M., general manager Vandalia Rd. Office: St. Louis, Mo. Born Nov. 1, 1859, at Allegheny City, Pa. Entered railway service 1872, since which he has been consecutively to 1892, messenger, telegraph operator, chief operator, train dispatcher, chief train dispatcher; all with the eastern division. Pennsylvania Co.; 1892 to Nov. 1, 1899, superintendent telegraph Pennsylvania lines west of Pittsburgh; 1895 to Nov. 1, 1899, also superintendent telegraph Vandalia Line; Nov. 1, 1899, to Jan. 1, 1902, superintendent eastern division Pennsylvania Co. at Allegheny, Pa.; Jan. 1, 1902, to Jan. 1, 1913, general superintendent Northwest System Pennsylvania lines west of Pittsburgh at Pittsburgh, Pa.; Jan. 1, 1913, to date, general manager Vandalia Rd.

Schrader, Frederick F., editor, of 1493 Broadway, New York City, was born, Hamburg, Oct. 27, 1859; s. George Frederick Schrader; ed. Germany and U.S.; m. 1st, Davenport, Iowa, June 6, 1879, Anna McNulty; 2d, Washington, D.C., Nov. 6, 1895, Marie R. Bailey; one son: Frederick Franklin, Jr., b. Sept. 7, 1896. Editor Republican Campaign Text Book, 1898; author: Modern Lady Godiva (drama presented by Amelia Bingham); At the French Ball (farce played by Fannie Rice); Corsica (lyric opera, music by Irenee Bergé, produced U.S., 1910); Baron Trenck (produced in London and N.Y.); Lyrics and Jingles, 1913. Ass't and acting sec. Republican Cong. Com., 1896-1900; sec. B'd of Trade, St. Joseph, Mo., 1886-91; dramatic critic Washington Post, 1900-06; dramatic critic, N.Y. Evening Globe, 1908-09; editor Dramatic Mirror, since Aug. 19, 1912; associate editor of The Fatherland. Independent; Lutheran. Recreations: Photography, mycology, boating. Club: Great Kills Yacht Club.

Schreiber, Anthony, president and general manager of the A. Schreiber Brewing Co., Buffalo, N.Y., is a native of Polish Germany; born Jan. 12, 1864; educated in the public and high schools. of his native place; has been actively engaged in business in the United States for over twenty-nine years, during sixteen of which he was connected with a concern engaged in the manufacture of glycerine in New York City; organized the A. Schreiber Brewing Co., of Buffalo, Jan. 30, 1899, and was chosen president and general manager, and has conducted the business of the corporation since that time; married Sept. 2, 1888. Address: Buffalo, N.Y.

Schroeder, William, Jr., born Brooklyn N.Y.; parents, William and Charlotte Beck; married Melita E. McGurn; child: William K.; educated in German Acad., Brooklyn; Polytechnic Inst., Brooklyn; Brooklyn Coll. Pharmacy; graduated from Long Island Coll. Hosp. 1901; lic. New York same year; deg. B.S., Ph.Gr., Phar.D., M.D.; post-grad. Brooklyn Coll. of Pharm.; postgrad. dept. N.Y. Post-Grad. Med Sch.; late instructor and chief

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