ence, N.Y., Nov., 1884, Jennie R. Van Tine; children: Mabel L., born 1886; Roy J., born 1888; Ethel M., born 1890. Admitted to N.Y. Bar, April, 1880; postmaster at Akron, 1885-1889; pres. Village of Akron, 2 years; mem. Board of Education, several years, and pres. one year. Mem. law firm Paxon & Paxon; pres. and dir. Akron Mf'g Co.; vice-pres. and dir. Wickware Nat. Bank. Democrat. Prominent in Masonic affairs; mem. Ismalin Temple, A.A.O.N.M.S., and Lake Erie Commandery, K.T., of Buffalo, Batavia Chapter and Akron Lodge.

Paxton, John Randolph, clergyman; born at Canonsburg, Pa., Sept. 18, 1843. After a careful preparatory education he entered Jefferson College in 1859, but in 1862 left to enter the Army, serving as private and second lieutenant of the One Hundred and Fortieth Pennsylvania Regiment until the end of the war in 1865, then returned to Jefferson College and was graduated as A.B. in 1866, studied at the Western Theological Seminary in Allegheny, Pennsylvania, and was graduated in 1869. He filled pastorates in Presbyterian Churches at Churchville, Maryland, from 1871 to 1874, Pine Street Church, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, from 1874 to 1878; New York Avenue Church, Washington, D.C., from 1878 to 1882; West Church, New York, from 1882 to 1893; pastor of the New York Church, New York City, 1898. He is a companion of the Military Order of the Loyal Legion, member of the Century Association and the Union League Club. Address: 51 West Forty-sixth St., New York City.

Payne, Sereno Elisha, congressman, was born June 26, 1843, in Hamilton, N.Y. In 1868-71 he was city clerk of Auburn, N.Y.; supervisor in 1871-72; district attorney of his county in 1873-79; and in 1879-82 was president of the board of education. He was a member of the forty-eighth, forty-ninth, fifty-first, fifty-second, fifty-third, fifty-fourth, fifty-sixth, fifty-seventh, fifty-eighth, fiftyninth, sixtieth, sixty-first and sixty-second congresses as a Republican. He was re-elected to the sixty-third congress from the thirty-first district of New York for the term of 1913-15; and resides in Auburn, N.Y.

Payne, Stephen R., assistant to general manager New York Central & Hudson River Rd. Office Rochester, N.Y. Born Dec. 21, 1865. Educated in common schools. Entered railway service Nov. 2, 1882, since which he has been consecutively to Aug. 25, 1889, telegraph operator Lake Shore & Michigan Southern Ry.; Aug. 25, 1889, to Jan. 15, 1898, train dispatcher same road; Jan. 15, 1898, to April 1, 1900, trainmaster same road; May 13, 1900, to Jan. 1, 1901, trainmaster Norfolk & Western Ry. at Bluefield, W.Va.; Jan. 1, 1901, to July 15, 1902, assistant division superintendent Norfolk & Western Ry. at Bluefield, W.Va.; Aug. 1, 1902, to Jan. 1, 1903, trainmaster New York Central & Hudson River Rd. at Utica, N.Y.; Jan. 1, 1903, to Jan. 1, 1907, assistant superintendent Western division same road at Syracuse, N.Y.; Jan. 1 to Oct. 1, 1907, superintendent Rochester division same road at Rochester, N.Y.; Oct. 1, 1907, to May 2, 1908, superintendent Buffalo division same road at Buffalo; May 2, 1908, to Oct., 1912, general superintendent Western district same road at

Syracuse; Oct., 1912, to June 10, 1914, assistant to general manager same road; June 10, 1914, to date, manager Ottawa and New York Ry. and Ottawa division N.Y.C.&H.R.R. at Ottawa, Ont.

Peabody, Charles Augustus, president Mutual Life Ins. Co., 32 Nassau St., New York City, was born N.Y. City, April 11, 1849; son Charles A. and Julia C. (Livingston) Peabody; grad. Columbia Coll., 1869; Columbia Law Sch., 1871; married N.Y. City, Jan. 27, 1880, Charlotte A. Damon; children: two sons and one daughter. Has practiced law in N.Y. City since 1871; became pres. Mutual Life Ins. Co. of N.Y., Jan. 1, 1906; `mem. Assembly, 1876. Dir. Astor Trust Co., Nat. Bank of Commerce, Farmers' Loan and Trust Co., Illinois Central R.R. Co., Union Pacific R.R. Co., Wells Fargo & Co., vice-pres. and mem. B'd of Mg'rs Delaware & Hudson Co.; vice-pres. and dir. Pittsburgh, Fort Wayne & Chicago R.R. Co.; trustee Title Guarantee and Trust Co., Guaranty Trust Co., and Bank for Savings. Republican; Episcopalian. Mem. Ass'n Bar City of N.Y. Clubs: Metropolitan, University, Down Town, Tuxedo, Piping Rock.

Pearce, Edward Douglas, manufacturer and banker; born Providence, Feb. 24, 1849; son of Edward Douglas and Sarah B. (Mauran) Pearce; graduated from Harvard University, A.B., 1871; married, Providence, Oct. 29, 1885, Isabelle V. Seagrave. Engaged as manufacturing chemist 1871-1909. Providence Institution for Savings. Republican; Episcopalian. Member Franklin Society, and Phi Beta Kappa fraternity. Clubs: Hope, Agawam, Squantum.

Pearson, Edward J., first vice-president Missouri Pacific and St. Louis Iron Mountain & Southern Rys. Office St. Louis, Mo. Born Oct., 1863, at Rockville, Ind. Graduated from engineering department of Cornell University. Entered railway service 1880 as rodman Missouri Pacific Ry., since which he has been consecutively to 1883, in engineering department Missouri, Kansas & Texas Ry. and Atlantic & Pacific Rd.; 1883 to 1885, assistant engineer Northern Pacific Rd.; 1885 to April, 1890, supervisor bridges, buildings and water supply Minnesota and St. Paul divisions; April, 1890, to May, 1892, division engineer Eastern division same road; May, 1892, to May, 1894, principal assistant engineer at Chicago in charge of construction of Chicago Terminal Lines and of work on the Wisconsin Central Lines, being operated by the Northern Pacific Ry.; May, 1894, to Aug., 1895, superintendent Yellowstone division Northern Pacific Ry.; Aug., 1895, to Dec., 1898, superintendent Rocky Mountain division. same road; Dec., 1898, to April, 1902, superintendent Pacific division; April, 1902, to Sept., 1903, assistant general superintendent same road; Sept., 1903, to May 1, 1904, acting chief engineer, and May 1, 1904, to Dec., 1905, chief engineer same road; Dec., 1905, to June 1, 1911, chief engineer Chicago, Milwaukee & Puget Sound Ry.; June 1, 1911, to date, first vicepresident Missouri Pacific and St. Louis, Iron Mountain & Southern Railways.

Pearson, Thomas Gilbert, sec. and exec. officer Nat. Ass'n Audubon Socs., 1974 Broadway, New York City, was born Tus

cola, Ill., Nov. 10, 1873; son Thomas B. and Mary (Elliott) Pearson; grad. Guilford Coll., N.C., B.S., 1897; Univ. of N.C., B.S., 1899; graduate work Harvard Univ., 1901; married, Greensboro, N.C., June 17, 1902, Elsie Weatherly. Prof. biology, State Normal and Industrial Coll., Greensboro, N.C., 1901-1903; State game warden, N.C., 1902-1911; sec. Nat. Audubon Socs., since 1905. Traveled in Canada, U.S. and Mexico. Democrat. Democrat. Mem. Soc. of Friends (Quaker); mem. Am. Ornithol. Union, and other scientific socs. Author: Stories of Bird Life (B. F. Johnson Publishing Co., Richmond, Va.); joint author: Birds of North Carolina (in press, N.C. State Geol. Soc.), also numerous magazine articles.

Peary, Robert Edwin, retired naval officer of Washington, D.C., was born May 6, 1856, in Cresson Springs, Pa. He has been president of the American Geographical Society; president of the Eighth International Geographical Congress; and vicepresident of the Ninth and Tenth International Geographical Congresses. He is the discoverer of the north pole. In 1911 he was promoted to rear-admiral by special act of congress; and was also given the thanks of congress for his extended Arctic explorations and discovery of the north pole.

Peck, Edward S., lawyer, of 206 Broadway, New York City, was born Oneida Co., N.Y., May 16, 1852; grad. Hamilton Coll., 1873. Engaged in general practice of law in N.Y. City. Mem. Ass'n Bar City of N.Y., Delta Kappa Epsilon fraternity. Residence: White Plains, N.Y.

Peck, Frederick Burritt, College Campus, Easton, Pa. Geology, Mineralogy. Was born Seneca Castle, N.Y., Aug. 19, 1860. A.B., Amherst, 1886; Ph.D., Munich, 1896. Teacher math. and science, Tillotson Acad., Trinidad, Colo., 1886-90, principal, 189091; asst. geol., Amherst, 1891-93; teacher geol., Amherst and Smith, 1893-94; prof. geol. and mines, Lafayette, 1897-; member U.S. Geological Survey, 1898-1908; F.A.A.; Geol. Soc. Crystallography of bournonite; origin of tale and serpentine.-Basal conglomerate and geology of cement belt in Lehigh and Northampton Counties, Pennsylvania.

Peck, Frederick Stanhope, wool merchant, banker; born in Providence, Dec. 16, 1868; son of Leander R. and Sarah G. (Cannon) Peck; educated in public schools of Providence; married Providence, June 6, 1893, Mary R. Burlingame; one daughter, Helen. Entered employ of Asa Peck & Co., at age of 16, filling every position from office boy to president, which position. still holds, in addition to being treasurer. Vice-president National Exchange Bank. Eastern Coal Co.; director Lawton Spinning Co., R.I. Insurance Co., also largely interested in numerous local enterprises. Member Republican State Central Committee, Legislature, 1911, 1913-1914. Republican. Recreations: Farming, orchid growing, automobiling. Lives in Barrington on same. spot that has been home of ancestors for more than 250 years, and has never been out of family. Clubs: Commercial, Economic, West Side, Central, Squantum, Pomham, Providence Art, R.I. Country. Address: Providence.

Peck, Henry Hart, banker of Waterbury, Conn. In 1860-87 he was a member of the dry goods firm of Miller & Peck; and since 1886 has been president of the Dime Savings Bank of Waterbury. He has been a member of the general assembly and state senate of New York. He is a director of the Waterbury hospital and of the Westover School corporation of Middlebury.

Peck, Thomas Charles, general passenger agent San Pedro, Los Angeles & Salt Lake Rd. Office Los Angeles, Cal. Born Oct. 14, 1856, at Indianapolis, Ind. Graduated from Indianapolis high school 1876. Took up course of architecture and engineering in office of Edwin May, architect, Indiana State Capitol, and remained until 1878. Entered railway service April, 1878, with engineering corps Jeffersonville, Madison & Indianapolis Ry. (Pennsylvania Lines), since which he has been consecutively Dec., 1880, to Feb., 1884, freight clerk Cleveland, Columbus, Cincinnati & Indianapolis Ry. at Indianapolis; March, 1884, to August, 1886, city ticket agent; Aug., 1886, to Oct., 1888, district passenger agent same place; Oct., 1888, to June, 1890, general traveling agent and general passenger agent Fort Wayne, Cincinnati & Louisville Rd.; July, 1890, to Oct., 1896, chief clerk general passenger department Columbus, Hocking Valley & Toledo Ry.; Nov., 1896, to April, 1901, with Los Angeles Terminal Ry. as general agent, general passenger agent and assistant general manager; May, 1901, to April, 1907, assistant general passenger agent San Pedro, Los Angeles & Salt Lake Rd.; May 1, 1907, to date, general passenger agent same road.

Peckham, Stephen Farnum, chemist, of 150 Halsey St., Brooklyn, N.Y., was born, Fruit Hill, North Providence, R.I., March 26, 1839; son Charles and Hannah Lapham (Farnum) Peckham; grad. Brown Univ. (hon. A.M.), 1870; married, 1st, Providence, R.I., June 13, 1865, Mary Chace Peck; children: Edward Hall, born April 2, 1866 (died Jan. 31, 1871); Herbert Edmund, born July 24, 1871 (A.B., Univ. of Mich., 1894); Anna Hope, born April 17, 1873; Mary Wythe, born March 27, 1875; married 2d, Brooklyn, N.Y., Aug. 1, 1902, Hattie C. Wait Van Buren, A.B., M.D. Engaged at petroleum refinery, Providence, R.I., 18611862; chemist, Calif. Petroleum Co., 1865-1866; Calif. Geol. Survey, 1867; instr. in chemistry, Brown Univ., 1868; prof. chemistry, Washington (Pa.) Coll., 1869; Me. State Coll., 1870-1871; Buchtel Coll., Akron, O., 1872; Univ. of Minn., 1873-1880; sp'l agent U.S. Census on petroleum, 1881-1885; with Union Oil Co., Calif., 1893-1894; laboratory and expert work on bitumins, 18941898; chemist comm'r of accounts, N.Y. City, 1898-1908; chemist Dep't of Finance, N.Y. City, 1908. Was at different periods chemist to State B'd of Health and to Geol. Survey of Minn. Served in Civil War as hosp. steward, 7th Reg't, R.I.V.; sec. to med. dir. 9th Army Corps, and in charge of chem. dep't U.S. Army Laboratory. Unitarian. Fellow A.A.A.S.; mem. N.Y. Lyceum of Natural History, Am. Chem. Soc., Soc. Chemical Industry, Franklin Inst. (Philadelphia), Am. Philos. Soc., etc. Recreations: Study of botany, mineralogy, genealogy and early New England history.

Peddle, Charles Rugan, purchasing agent Vandalia Rd. Office St. Louis, Mo. Born Dec. 25, 1858, at Terre Haute, Ind. Entered railway service 1878 as messenger in office of superintendent motive power and machinery Terre Haute & Indianapolis Rd., since which he has been consecutively to 1893, operator in same office, clerk in same office and clerk in purchasing department same road; 1893 to date, purchasing agent same road and its successor, the Vandalia Rd., which was organized Jan. 1, 1905.

Pell, Howland Haggerty, banker and broker of New York City, where he was born May 30, 1872; son of John H. and Caroline E. (Hyatt) Pell; attended Flushing Institute, Flushing, L.I.; married, N.Y. City, Nov. 27, 1895, Mary W. Willets; children: Howland H., Jr., Orlie Anna H., Mary Willets. Member of firm of S. H. P. Pell & Co., also member New York Stock Exchange. Served for three years in 2d Division N.Y. State Naval Militia. Republican; Episcopalian. Member Society of Colonial Wars, St. Nicholas Society, New York Historical Society, American Geographical Society, Sons of Veterans. Clubs: Union, N.Y., Yacht, Calumet, Automobile of America, New York Athletic, Garden City Golf, Oakland Golf, Turf and Field, Rockaway Hunting. Residence: Westbury, L.I.

Pender, Harold, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Boston, Mass. Electrical engineering. Was born Tarboro, N.C., Jan. 13, 1879. A.B., Hopkins, 1898, Ph.D., 1901; Sorbonne, 1903. Teacher, McDonogh Sch., 1901-02; instr. physics, Syracuse, 190203; elec. engineer, Pittsburgh, 1903-04; N.Y. City, 1904-09; prof. theoret. and applied elec., Mass. Inst. Tech., 1909-14; prof. in charge, elec. eng. dept., Univ. of Penn. Electrical convection.Magnetic action of charged carbonic acid stream; electric transmission of power; electric traction.

Pennings, Very Rev. Bernard Henry; born June 9, 1861, at Gemert, Netherlands. Educated in local Latin school of Gemert, 1873-79; entered the order of St. Norbert, Oct. 19, 1879; pursued the philosophical and theological courses in the Norbertine abbey of Heeswijk; ordained priest, June 19, 1886; novice-master from 1886 until 1893; professor of philosophy, 1888-93; sent with two confrères to Namur, Wis., to work among the Belgian and Holland population of the Green Bay diocese; remained there until 1898, when he was appointed pastor of St. Joseph's Church, De Pere, Wis., where he built a monastery for the order and erected a college for boys. Fr. Pennings is editor of a devotional monthly, The Annals of St. Joseph, and general superior of the Norbertine Fathers in the United States. Address: St. Norbert's College, De Pere, Wis.

Penrose, Boies, United States senator from Pennsylvania, was born Nov. 1, 1860, in Philadelphia, Pa. He was elected to the Pennsylvania House of Representatives from the eighth Philadelphia district in 1884. He was a member of the Pennsylvania State Senate in 1887-89; and was re-elected in 1890, and again in 1894. He was president of the senate in 1889-99. Since 1897 he has been a member of the United States Senate, his present term