of the county was included in the purchase by Captain William Sandford from the Parish of St. Mary's in the Island of Barbadoes. Governor Carteret and council granted this tract to Sandford, July 4, 1668. It contained within its boundaries an area of 15,308 acres, extending from the point of union of the Hackensack and Passaic Rivers about seven miles northward along said rivers, to a spring now known as the Boiling Springs, or Sandford Spring, near Rutherford. This purchase was made by Sandford for himself and Major Nathaniel Kingsland, also from the Island of Barbadoes, and the same was subsequently divided between Sandford and Kingsland. Kingsland, who became the owner of the northern part (including part of the present Bergen County), resided at what is now known as "Kingsland Manor," south of Rutherford, in Bergen County, while Sandford, who became the owner of the southerly part, resided at what is now East Newark, in Hudson County. Much of this large section of territory remained vested in the respective descendants of Sandford and Kingsland for many years after their deaths.

EARLY SETTLERS OF BERGEN COUNTY

Some of the original settlers of what is now Bergen County were descendants of those who have been mentioned as having settled Hudson County. Others came from Manhattan Island, Long Island, New Harlem, Yonkers, Albany, Esopus, Kingston, and other already established settlements, while still others came direct from Europe. The grant of section 1 to William Sandford, in 1668, as before stated, extended north as far as Boiling Springs near Rutherford.1 The northern half of this was released to Kingsland. In 1702 Elias Boudinot, a French Huguenot, purchased a large tract from the Kingslands, described as butting on the Passaic River, in Bergen County. John and William Stagg, Bartholemew Feurst, Daniel Rutan, Jacob Van Ostrand, Cornelius Vanderhoff, Herpert Gerrebrants, John Varrick, David Provost, John Van Emburgh, Jacob Wallings (Van Winkle), and Henry Harding acquired title to portions of the tract in Bergen County, but the bulk of Kingsland's estate, at his death, passed by his will to his near relatives, who settled on it and retained it for many years. In 1668 Captain (afterward Major) John Berry received from Governor Carteret a patent for section 2, being all the lands between the Hackensack and Saddle Rivers, for a distance of six miles north from Sandford's purchase, or nearly as far as Cherry Hill, on the New Jersey and New-York Railroad. Berry settled and built his home mansion on the southerly part of this tract, and on his death, most of it passed to the ownership of his

1 For sections, refer to Map No. 4.

heirs. The northerly part he had conveyed in parcels at various times to his son, Richard Berry, his daughter, Hannah Noel, and Garret Van Dien, Laurence Laurensen Ackerman, Rev. Guilliaem Bertholf, David Thomas, Thomas Nicholson, Albert Albertsen (Terhune), Arie Albertsen (Terhune), Claes Jansen Romeyn, Dr. John Van Emburgh, Hendrick Hopper, Ryck Lydecker, Juriaen Lubbertsen (Westervelt), Herman Brass, Abraham Huysman, Isaac Vreeland, Nicholas Devoe, Walling Jacobsen (Van Winkle), Elinor Mellinot, Folkert Hansen (Van Nostrand), Thomas Staag, Alexander Alliare, Peter France, Nicholas Kipp, Corneliese Christiansen, John Christiansen, Charles Maclean, and Anthony Anthonys (a negro), each of whom

INDIAN TOTEMS AND TOTEMIC SIGNATURES.

settled on the portions purchased by them. The "Moonachie" section he sold to Rutt Van Horn, Nicasie Kipp, and Thomas France. The Zabriskies, Voorheeses, Brinkerhoffs, Demarests, Coopers, Van Reipens, and Powlesses acquired interests in the tract at an early date. In 1668 Samuel Edsall and Nicholas Varlet bought from the native Indians section 3, comprising 1,872 acres of "waste land and meadow," bounded east by the Hudson River, west by the Hackensack River and Overpeck Creek, and south by the "Town and Corporation of Bergen." The extent of this tract was two and a half miles from north to south, and the north boundary, beginning at Aquepuck Creek below Fort Lee, on the Hudson, ran northwest to the Overpeck Creek near Leonia. Subsequently Carteret gave Edsall and Varlet a patent of this tract. Nicholas Varlet soon after sold

his interest in it to Edsall, who, in 1671, conveyed the northerly part of it to Michael Smith (a son-in-law of Major John Berry). Smith, at his death, left it to his son and heir-at-law, Johannes Smith, who, in 1706, conveyed it to John Edsall, son and heir-at-law of Samuel Edsall, deceased, who settled on it and devised it to his children.

In 1676 Samuel Edsall, by deed of gift, transferred the westerly part of the remainder of the original tract to his sons-in-law, Benjamin Blagge, of London, and William Laurence, of Newtown, L. I., who divided it between them, Blagge taking the northerly part and Lau

rence the southerly part. On Blagge's death his widow and devisee conveyed it to Wessel Peterson, who, in 1690, conveyed it to David Danielsen, who settled on it. Laurence's part of it passed to his son, Thomas Laurence. He sold half of it, said to contain 550 acres, in 1730, to Matthew Brown, who, in 1737, sold it to Cornelius Brinkerhoff. Joseph Morris and Adriaen Hoagland must have got the balance of Laurence's half, as they were living on it in 1730, and they and the Brinkerhoffs were the first actual settlers. Brinkerhoff's purchase included the present Borough of Ridgefield. The easterly part of the remainder of the original tract, which fronted on the Hudson River, was, on March 12, 1686, conveyed by Samuel Edsall to Jacob Milburn, who, with Jacob Leisler, then Governor of New York, was attainted of and executed for high treason, in 1691. Milburn's estate (which by his will, executed just before his death, he devised to his wife Mary), was, by operation of the attainder, forfeited; but parliament, by special act, restored the estate to his widow and sole devisee. The widow (who at the time of her death was the wife of Abraham Governeur) left a will empowering her daughter Jacoba, as executrix, to sell her lands on the Hudson. The executrix conveyed the lands in separate parcels to Hendrick Banta, Arie de Groot, Peter de Groot, Michael Vreeland, William Day, John Day, Mary Edsall (alias Mary Banks), John Edsall, and John Christiansen, who mutually released each other and settled on the same. The tract between the high rocks and the Hudson River was claimed by John Christeen, of Newark, under a grant from Berkley and Carteret, prior to that of Edsall and Varlet. This land Christeen sold in 1760 to his daughter Naomi, wife of John Day, and it seems to have become

BOWS AND ARROWS.

vested eventually in the same persons to whom Mrs. Governeur's executrix conveyed it.

On June 10, 1669, Governor Carteret patented to Major John Berry section 4, comprising a tract of 1,500 acres, lying between the Hudson River and Overpeck Creek, extending one and one-half miles north from the Edsall and Varlet patent. Berry sold the north half of this tract to George Duncan, an English merchant in New York. James Duncan inherited it from his father. Richard Backer, John, Samuel, and Matthew Benson, Jacob Day, Michael Vreeland, Hendrick Banta, and Jacob Cowenhoven subsequently acquired and settled on portions of it. The south half of it Berry conveyed to his son-inlaw, Thomas Noel, who, at his death, devised it to his son, Monteith Noel, and to his wife's son, Richard Hall. Monteith Noel died intestate and without issue. By the terms of his father's will the lands passed to Elizabeth Patterson and James Martin, the two infant children and only heirs of Richard Hall, then deceased. By order of the court it was sold to Robert and Ann Drummond in trust for the two Hall children. On April 4, 1726, the trustees sold it to John Stevens and William Williamson, who soon after sold it to Samuel Moore, an Englishman from the Island of Barbadoes.

iam Laurence, Cornelius Brinkerhoff, Walter Briggs, Thomas de Kay, and others eventually bought parts of it.

Sections 5, 6, and 8, containing 6,770 acres of wildland, were, in 1661, granted in one parcel, by Carteret and his council, to Philip Carteret. It was described as being seven miles in length, north and south, and three

Will

miles in width from the Hudson River to Overpeck Creek. It adjoined Berry on the south and Bedlow on the north. Carteret failed to settle within the prescribed time and it was again granted, in 1669, to Robert Vanquillan, of Caen, France; James Bollen, an Englishman (then a resident of Ridley, Pennsylvania); and Claude Vallot, of Champagne, France. Vanquillan sold his interest to Carteret in 1670. These gentlemen, failing to make any settlement within six years, lost their titles by forfeiture and the tract remained a wilderness without an owner until 1698, when it was