school year in a public school of this State, may have his diploma countersigned by said superintendent, which shall then have the force and effect of a limited State certificate, subject to the exercise of the power vested in the State superintendent to revoke the right given by his signature to such diploma. (1866, 1867, 1878, 1895.)

SEC. 388 [as amended by Laws, 1901, chapter 344]. No student who shall have been a resident of the State for one year next preceding his admission at the beginning of any academic year shall be required to pay any fees for tuition in the university except in the law department and for extra studies. The regents may prescribe rates of tuition for any pupil in the law department, or who shall not have been a resident as aforesaid, and for teaching extra studies. Attendance at the university shall not of itself be sufficient to effect a residence.

SEC. 389 [as amended by Laws, 1903, chapter 260]. For the support and endowment of the university there is annually and permanently appropriated:

1. The university fund income and all other sums of money appropriated by law to such fund.

2. The agricultural college fund income.

3. All such contributions as may be derived from public or private bounty. The entire income of all said funds shall be placed at the disposal of the board of regents, thenceforth to be independent and distinct of the accounts of the State and for the support of the aforesaid colleges or departments of arts, of letters, and such other colleges and departments as shall be established in or connected with the university; but all means derived from other public or private bounty shall be exclusively devoted to the specific objects for which they shall have been designed by the grantor; and all gifts, grants, bequests, and devises for the benefit or advantage of the university or any of its departments, colleges, schools, halls, observatories, or institutions, or to provide any means of instruction, illustration, or knowledge in connection therewith, whether made to trustees or otherwise, shall be legal and valid and shall be executed and enforced according to the provisions of the instrument making the same, including all provisions and directions in any such instrument for accumulation of the income of any fund or rents and profits of any real estate without being subject to the limitations and restrictions provided by law in other cases; but no such accumulation shall be allowed to produce a fund more than twenty times as great as that originally given. All such gifts, grants, devises, or bequests may be made to the regents of the university or to the president or any officer thereof, or to any person or persons as trustees, or may be charged upon any executor, trustee, heir, devisee, or legatee, or made in any other manner indicating an intention to create a trust, and may be made as well for the benefit of the university or any of its chairs, faculty, departments, colleges, schools, halls, observatories, or institutions, or to provide any means of instruction, illustration, or knowledge in connection therewith, or for the benefit of any class of students at the university or in any of its departments, whether by way of scholarship, fellowship, or otherwise, or whether for the benefit of students in any course, subcourse, special course, post-graduate course, summer school or teachers' course, oratorical or debating course, laboratory, shop, lectureship, drill, gymnasium, or any other like division or department of study, experiment, research, observation, travel, or mental or physical improvement in any manner connected with the university, or to provide for the voluntary retirement of any of its faculty. And it shall not be necessary in case of any such gift, grant, devise, or bequest to exactly or particularly describe the members of the class, group, or nationality of students intended to be the beneficiaries, but it shall be sufficient to describe the class or group; and in case of any such gift, grant, devise, or bequest the regents shall divide and graduate the students at the university into such classes or divisions as may be necessary to select and determine those belonging to the class intended by such gift, grant, devise, or bequest, and shall determine what particular persons are within or intended by the same. It shall be sufficient in any such gift, grant, devise, or bequest to describe the beneficiaries as belonging to a certain course, subcourse, department, or division of the university, or as those pursuing certain studies, speaking or writing a certain language or languages, belonging to any nationality or nationalities, or to one of the sexes, or by any other description, and in such case the regents shall determine the persons so described as hereinbefore provided.

SEC. 390 [as amended by Laws, 1899, chapter 170, and Laws, 1901, chapter 322]. There shall be levied and collected annually a State tax amounting to the sum of $289,000, which amount when so levied and collected is annually appropriated to the university fund income to be used as a part thereof for current or administration expenditures, and for the construction in the order of the greatest need therefor of such additional buildings and works and the enlargement and repair of

buildings and works as in the judgment of the regents shall be absolutely required and can be completed within the appropriations so made: Provided, That $40,000 of the said annual appropriation shall be applied annually to the uses of the college of agriculture; also that $22,500 thereof shall be applied annually to the uses of the college of mechanics and engineering; also that $3,500 thereof shall be applied annually to the uses of the new school of commerce; alsɔ that $2,000 thereof shall be applied annually to the uses of the summer school of science, literature, language, and pedagogy in connection with the university, authorized by section 392a; also that $1,000 thereof shall annually be applied to the purchase of books for the use of the law library of the university; and also that $13,000 of the said annual appropriation shall annually be applied and used in adding facilities for and establishing and maintaining courses of instruction in railway and electrical engineering in the university. The commissioners of public lands may direct the State treasurer from time to time to set apart by way of loan to the fund known as the university fund income for university uses from uninvested moneys in the trust funds for the period while so uninvested, such amount not exceeding at any time the sum of $75,000, as in their judgment shall be prudent, such loans to be repaid to the trust funds from the appropriation herein before made to the university fund income, with interest at the rate then required on deposits made pursuant to sections 160a to 160f, inclusive.

SEC. 391. The sum of $3,000 shall be set apart annually from the receipts of the tax first mentioned in the preceding section for the maintenance of the astronomical observatory on the university grounds, to be expended by the regents in astronomical work and instruction. And a like sum is annually appropriated out of the general fund to the board of regents for the purpose of enabling said board to employ and maintain a director of the Washburn Observatory. (1876.)

SEC. 392. The regents shall each receive the actual amount of his expenses in traveling to and from and in attendance upon all meetings of the board or incurred in the performance of any duty in pursuance of any direction of the board. Accounts for such expenses, duly authenticated, shall be audited by the board and be paid on their order by the treasurer out of the university fund income. No regent shall receive any pay, mileage, or per diem except as above prescribed. (1866.)

SEC. 392a. The board of regents may maintain the summer school of science, literature, language, and pedagogy heretofore established in connection with the university: Provided, That all teachers employed therein shall be designated by the State superintendent and the president of the university.

*

General laws, 1863, chapter 265: SECTION 1. The lands, rights, powers, and privileges granted to and conferred upon the State of Wisconsin by an act of Congress * * approved July 2, 1862, are accepted by the State of Wisconsin upon the terms, conditions, and restrictions contained in said act of Congress. « (April 2, 1863.)

Laws, 1885.chapter 9, as amended by Laws, 1887, chapter 63: SECTION 1. The board of regents of the State university is hereby authorized to hold institutes for the instruction of citizens of this State in the various branches of agriculture. Such institutes shall be held at such times and at such places as said board may direct. The said board shall make such rules and regulations as it may deem proper for organizing and conducting such institutes, and may employ an agent or agents to perform such work in connection therewith as they deem best. The course of instruction at such institutes shall be so arranged as to present to those in attendance the results of the most recent investigations in theoretical and practical agriculture.

SEC. 2. For the purposes mentioned in the preceding section the said board may use such sum as it may deem proper, not exceeding the sum of $12,000 in any one year, from the general fund, and such amount is hereby annually appropriated for that purpose. (March 16, 1887.)

Laws, 1889, joint resolution No. 5: We hereby accept in behalf of the State of Wisconsin the grant of all moneys and all benefits accruing under the act of Congress known as the agricultural experiment station bill, approved March 2, 1887, for the use of the agricultural experiment station of the University of Wisconsin, and we designate the regents of the said university to receive the same.

The governor is hereby requested to forward a certified copy of these resolutions to the Secretary of the Treasury of the United States.

Laws. 1891, joint resolution No. 3: Legislative assent be and is hereby given to the purposes and provisions of an act of Congress approved August 30, 1890,

a The income from this land grant was appropriated to the University of Wisconsin by an act of the legislature approved April 12, 1866.

* *this resolution being intended to constitute the legislative assent required by section 2 of said act.

Laws, 1901, chapter 97: SECTION 1. *

*

* The several boards having control of the charitable and penal and educational institutions of the State, including the normal schools and State university, shall, on or before the 10th day of January in each odd-numbered year, make and deliver to the governor a brief, succinct, detailed report of all receipts and expenditures in their respective offices, boards, bureaus, or departments for the biennial term ending the first Monday of January. SEC. 2. The * * * regents of State university and normal schools shall in each odd-numbered year, on or before the 10th day of January, make and deliver to the governor in tabular form a complete, concise, and detailed report of the expenses of conducting such normal schools and State university for each year of the biennial term, ending on the first Monday in January preceding the date of such report, and shall accompany such report with a like detailed statement or report of the receipts and expenses of conducting such office, bureau, or department for the corresponding years of the two preceding biennial terms. (March 28, 1901.)

* * *

Laws, 1903, chapter 344: SECTION 1. There shall be levied and collected annually an additional State tax amounting to the sum of $48,500, which amount when so levied and collected is annually appropriated to the university-fund income, to be used as a part thereof, for current expenditures: Provided, That $7,500 thereof shall be applied annually to the uses of the college of agriculture, $7,500 thereof to the uses of the college of engineering, $4,000 thereof to the uses of the school of commerce; $5,000 thereof in aid of the premedical course of instruction, $17,000 thereof to other uses of the college of letters and science, and $7,500 for domestic science and allied subjects: And provided, That in applying the same the regents may adjust the expenditures to the varying needs of different years.

SEC. 2. There shall be levied and collected annually for the period of two years an additional State tax amounting annually to the sum of $7,500, which amount when so levied and collected is for the period aforesaid appropriated to the university-fund income of the University of Wisconsin for the purchase of books for the university library.

SEC. 3. There is hereby appropriated annually for the period of two years from the general fund of the State, out of any moneys not otherwise appropriated, the sum of $100,000 to the university-fund income of the University of Wisconsin [for certain specified purposes].

SEC. 4. There is hereby appropriated annually for the period of two years from the general fund of the State, out of any moneys not otherwise appropriated, the additional sum of $5,500 to the university-fund income of the University of Wisconsin for uses and purposes as follows, to wit: [$2,500 annually for investigation of the cranberry industry of the State: $1,500 annually for investigations on tobacco; $1,500 annually for a hygienic laboratory]. (May 20, 1903.)

WYOMING.

Constitution (1889), article 7: SEC. 15. The establishment of the University of Wyoming [act of March 4, 1886] is hereby confirmed, and said institution, with its several departments, is hereby declared to be the University of the State of Wyoming. All lands which have been heretofore granted or which may be granted hereafter by Congress unto the University as such, or in aid of the instruction to be given in any of its departments, with all other grants, donations, or devises for said university, or for any of its departments, shall vest in said university, and be exclusively used for the purposes for which they were granted, donated, or devised. The said lands may be leased on terms approved by the land commissioners, but may not be sold on terms not approved by Congress.

SEC. 16. The university shall be equally open to students of both sexes, irrespective of race or color; and in order that the instruction furnished may be as nearly free as possible, any amount in addition to the income from its grants of lands and other sources above mentioned necessary to its support and maintenance in a condition of full efficiency shall be raised by taxation or otherwise, under provisions of the legislature.

SEC. 17. The legislature shall provide by law for the management of the university, its lands, and other property by a board of trustees, consisting of not less than seven members, to be appointed by the governor, by and with the advice and consent of the senate, and the president of the university and the superintendent

of public instruction, as members ex officio, as such having the right to speak, but not to vote. The duties and powers of the trustees shall be prescribed by law.

[The following matter is taken from the "Revised Statutes of Wyoming. In force December 1, 1899." Revised, compiled, edited, and published by J. A. Van Orsdel and Fenimore Chatterton. Laramie, Wyo., 1899.]

SEC. 485. There is established in this State, at the city of Laramie, an institution of learning under the name and style of "The University of Wyoming." (1890-91.)

SEC. 486. The objects of such university shall be to provide an efficient means of imparting to young men and young women, without regard to color, on equal terms, a liberal education, together with a thorough knowledge of the various branches connected with the scientific, industrial, and professional pursuits. To this end it shall embrace colleges or departments of letters, of science, and of the arts, together with such professional or other departments as in course of time may be connected therewith. The department of letters shall embrace a liberal course of instruction in language, literature, and philosophy, together with such courses or parts of courses in the college or department of science as are deemed necessary. (1890-91.)

SEC. 487. The college or department of science shall embrace courses of instruction in the mathematical, physical, and natural sciences, together with such courses in language, literature, and philosophy as shall constitute a liberal education. The college or department of the arts shall embrace courses of instruction in the practical and fine arts, especially in the applications of science to the arts of mining and metallurgy, mechanics, engineering, architecture, agriculture, and commerce, together with instruction in military tactics, and in such branches in the department of letters as are necessary to a proper fitness of students for their chosen pursuits, and as soon as the income of the university will allow, in such order as the wants of the public shall seem to require, the said courses in the sciences and their practical applications shall be expanded into full and distinct schools or departments. (1890-91.)

SEC. 488. The government of the university shall vest in a board of nine trustees to be appointed by the governor, three, and only three, of whom shall at all times be residents of the county of Albany, together with the president of the university and the State superintendent of public instruction as members ex officio, as such having the right to speak, but not to vote. (1890-91.)

SEC. 489. The term of office of the trustees appointed shall be six years. During each session of the legislature the governor shall nominate and, by and with the advice and consent of the senate, appoint successors to the three trustees whose term of office shall have expired or will expire before the next session of the legislature. Any vacancy in the board of trustees caused by death, resignation, removal from the State, or otherwise, shall be filled by appointment to be made by the governor, which appointment shall continue until the next session of the legislature, and no longer, but no member of the faculty while holding that position shall ever be appointed a trustee. (1890-91.)

SEC. 490. The board of trustees and their successors in office shall constitute a body corporate by the name of "The Trustees of the University of Wyoming." They shall possess all the powers necessary or convenient to accomplish the objects and perform the duties prescribed by law, and shall have the custody of the books, records, buildings, and all other property of the university. The board shall have power to elect a president, secretary, and treasurer, who shall perform such duties as are prescribed in the by-laws of the board. The treasurer shall execute such bond, with approved sureties in double the sum likely to come into his hands, for the faithful discharge of his duties as the board shall require. The term of office of said officers, their duties severally, and the times for holding meetings shall be fixed in the by-laws of the board. A majority of the board shall consitute a quorum for the transaction of business, but a less number may adjourn from time to time, and all routine business may be entrusted to an executive committee of three members, subject to such conditions as the by-laws of the board shall prescribe. The actual and necessary traveling expenses of nonresident members in attending the annual meeting of the board may be audited by the auditing committee thereof and paid by warrant on the treasurer out of the general fund of the university. (1890–91.)

SEC. 491. The board of trustees shall prescribe rules for the government of the university in all its branches, elect the requisite officers, professors, instructors, and employees, any of whom may be removed for cause, as well as fix the salary and term of office of each, prescribe the studies to be pursued and the text-books to be used, and determine the qualifications of applicants for admission to the vari

ous courses of study; but no instruction either sectarian in religion or partisan in politics shall ever be allowed in any department of the university, and no sectarian or partisan test shall ever be exercised or allowed in the appointment of trustees, or in the election or removal of professors, teachers, or other officers of the university, or in the admission of students thereto, or for any purpose whatsoever. The board of trustees shall also have power to confer such degrees and grant such diplomas as are usual in universities, or as they shall deem appropriate; through by-laws to confer upon the faculty the power to suspend or expel students for causes therein prescribed; to possess and use for the benefit of the institution all property of the university; to hold, manage, lease, or dispose of, according to law, any real or personal estate, as shall be conducive to the welfare of the institution; to expend the income placed under their control, from whatever source derived, and, finally, to exercise any and all other functions properly belonging to such a board and necessary to the prosperity of the university in all its departments. (1890-91.)

SEC. 492. At the close of each scholastic year (June 30) the trustees of the University of Wyoming, through their president, shall make a report in detail to the governor, exhibiting the progress, condition, and wants of the university, and of each school and department thereof, the course of study in each, the number of professors and students, together with the nature, costs, and results of important investigations, and such other information as they deem important, or as may be required by any law of this State or of the United States. Accompanying such report, and as a part thereof, the secretary and treasurer of the board of trustees shall unite in an itemized report showing the amount of receipts and disbursements for the year as had and made by said board, showing the appropriation resolution for that year, showing clearly the purposes for which the same have been expended, and the amount thereof expended upon each school or department of work, including the experiment station. Such reports are to be printed, and not less than 100 copies thereof filed with the secretary of state for distribution among the members of the legislature and other public officers. (1899.)

SEC. 493. The president and professors of the university shall be styled "the faculty," and shall have power, as such body, to enforce the rules and regulations adopted by the trustees for the government of students, to reward and censure students as they may deserve, and generally to exercise such discipline, in harmony with the said regulations, as shall be necessary for the good order of the institution; to present to the trustees for degrees and honors such students as are entitled thereto, and in testimony thereof, when ordered by the board, suitable diplomas, certificates, or other testimonials, under seal of the university and the signatures of the faculty. When, in course of time, distinct colleges or departments of the university are duly organized and in active operation, the immediate government of such departments shall, in like manner, be intrusted to their respective faculties. (1890–91.)

SEC. 494. The president of the university shall be president of the several faculties and the executive head of all the departments. As such, subject to the board of trustees, he shall have authority to give general direction to the instruction and investigations of the several schools and departments, and, so long as the interests of the institution require it, he may be charged with the duties of one of the professorships. (1890-91.)

SEC. 495. The secretary of the board of trustees of the University of Wyoming shall be required, before entering upon the duties of said office, to take the oath of office provided for elective officers under the Constitution of the State. (1897.) SEC. 496. The secretary of the board of trustees of the University of Wyoming is hereby authorized to administer oaths and affirmations to any person or persons, in connection with the business of the said University of the State of Wyoming. (1897.)

SEC. 497. To the end that none of the youth of the State who crave the benefits of higher education may be denied, and that all may be encouraged to avail themselves of the advantages offered by the university, tuition shall be as nearly free as possible, and it shall be wholly free to such students from each county as are selected and appointed by the board of county commissioners therein. (1890-91.) SEC. 498. After any student has been graduated from either of the chief departments of the university and received the degree of bachelor of arts, of letters, of philosophy, or of science, and has had a subsequent experience as a successful teacher of a public school in Wyoming for a period of one school year, the State superintendent of public instruction shall have authority to countersign the diploma of such teacher after such examination as to moral character, learning, and ability to teach as to the said superintendent may seem proper, and such