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approved August 30, 1890, and accepts the same; and the legislature of Virginia proposes and reports to the honorable Secretary of the Interior of the United States that hereafter the funds to be paid to this State, under said act, be apportioned between the said institutions in the following ratio, viz: One-third thereof to the Hampton Normal and Agricultural Institute and two-thirds to the Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College.

SEC. 3. The auditor of public accounts shall receive from the Secretary of the Interior such sums of money as shall be allotted to Virginia, and pay over the same in the proportion aforesaid to the treasurer of the Hampton Normal and Agricultural Institute and to the treasurer of the Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College, who shall receive and disburse the same as required by section 2 of the act of Congress aforesaid. (February 23, 1894.)

WASHINGTON.

Constitution (1889), article 9: SECTION 1. It is the paramount duty of the State to make ample provision for the education of all children residing within its borders, without distinction or preference on account of race, color, caste, or sex.

SEC. 2. The legislature shall provide for a general and uniform system of public schools. The public school system shall include common schools and such high schools, normal schools, and technical schools as may hereafter be established.

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SEC. 4. All schools maintained or supported wholly or in part by the public funds shall be forever free from sectarian control or influence.

SEC. 5. All losses to the permanent_common school or any other State educational fund which shall be occasioned by defalcation, mismanagement, or fraud of the agents or officers controlling or managing the same shall be audited by the proper authorities of the State. The amount so audited shall be a permanent funded debt against the State in favor of the particular fund sustaining such loss, upon which not less than 6 per cent annual interest shall be paid. * *

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[The following matter is taken from Ballinger's Annotated Codes and Statutes of Washington, showing all Statutes in Force, including the Session Laws of 1897, by Hon. Richard A. Ballinger. 2 vols. Seattle and San Francisco, 1897.]

SEC. 2512. The State Agricultural College, Experiment Station, and School of Science of the State of Washington, as heretofore located [act of March 9, 1891] at Pullman, Whitman County, shall be an institution of learning open to the children of all residents of this State, and to such other persons as the board of regents may determine, under such rules and regulations as may be prescribed by the board of regents; shall be nonsectarian in character, and devoted to practical instruction in agriculture, mechanic arts, and natural sciences connected therewith, as well as a thorough course of instruction in all branches of learning upon agricultural and other industrial pursuits. (1891, 1897.)

SEC. 2513. The governor of the State of Washington, the superintendent of public instruction, members of the legislature, and county commissioners shall be ex officio visitors of said college. But said visitors shall have no power granted to control the action of the board of regents or to negative its duties as defined by law. (1890, 1897.)

SEC. 2514. The course of instruction of said college shall embrace the English language, literature, mathematics, philosophy, civil and mechanical engineering, chemistry, animal and vegetable anatomy and physiology, veterinary art, entomology, geology, political economy, rural and household economy, horticulture, moral philosophy, history, mechanics, and such other courses of instruction as shall be prescribed by the board of regents. One of the objects of said college shall be to train teachers of physical science, and thereby further the application of the principles of physical science to industrial pursuits; to collect information as to schemes of technical instruction adopted in other parts of the United States and in foreign countries, and to hold farmers' institutes at such times and places and under such regulations as the board of regents may determine. (1891, 1897.) SEC. 2515. The board of regents shall provide that all instruction given in the college shall, to the utmost practicable extent, be conveyed by means of practical work in the laboratory, and shall provide in connection with said college the following laboratories: One physical laboratory or more, one chemical laboratory or more, and one biological laboratory or more, and suitably furnish and equip the same. Said board of regents shall provide that all male students shall be trained in military tactics. Said board of regents shall establish a department of said college

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to be designated the department of elementary science, and in connection therewith provide instruction in the following subjects: Elementary mathematics (including elementary trigonometry), elementary mechanics, elementary and mechanical drawing, and land surveying. Said board of regents shall establish a department of said college to be designated the department of agriculture, and in connection therewith provide instruction in the following subjects:

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First. Physics, with special application of its principles to agriculture. Second. Chemistry, with special application of its principles to agriculture. Third, Morphology and physiology of plants, with special reference to the commonly grown crops and their fungus enemies.

Fourth. Morphology and physiology of the lower forms of animal life, with special reference to insect pests.

Fifth. Morphology and physiology of the higher forms of animal life, and in particular of the horse, cow, sheep, and swine.

Sixth. Agriculture, with special reference to the breeding and feeding of live stock and the best mode of cultivation of farm produce.

Seventh. Mining and metallurgy.

And it shall appoint demonstrators in each of these subjects to superintend the equipment of a laboratory and to give practical instruction in the same. Said board of regents shall establish an agricultural experimental station in connection with the department of agriculture of said college, appoint its officers, and prescribe such regulations for its management as it may deem expedient. Said board of regents may establish other departments of said college and provide courses of instruction therein when those are, in its judgment, required for the better carrying out of the object of the college. (1890, 1897.)

SEC. 2516. The management of said college and experiment station, the care and preservation of all property of which such institution shall become possessed, the erection and construction of all buildings necessary for the use of said college and station, and the disbursement and expenditure of all money provided for by this chapter shall be vested in a board of five regents; said five members of the board of regents shall be appointed in the manner provided by law; said regents and their successors in office shall have the right of causing all things to be done necessary to carry out the provisions of this chapter. The board of regents provided for in this chapter shall be appointed by the governor, by and with the advice and consent of the senate, one for a term of two years, two for a term of four years, and two for a term of six years; and each regent shall, before entering upon the discharge of his respective duties as such, execute a good and sufficient bond to the State of Washington, with two or more sufficient sureties, residents of the State, in the penal sum of not less than $5,000 each, conditioned for the faithful performance of his duties as such regent: Provided, That all appointments made to fill vacancies caused by death, resignation, or otherwise shall be for the unexpired term of the incumbent whose place shall have become vacant. All other appointments made subsequent to the appointment of the first board of regents provided for in this act shall be for the term of six years and until the appointment and qualification of a successor to each appointee: Provided further, That at least three of the members of the board of regents so appointed shall be residents of eastern Washington and one shall be a resident of western Washington: Provided further, That regents now serving upon such board shall continue as such during the term for which they were respectively appointed. (1891, 1897.) SEC. 2517. The board of regents of the agricultural college, experiment station, and school of science shall meet and organize by the election of its president and treasurer from their own number on the first Wednesday in April of each year. The person so selected as treasurer shall, before entering upon the discharge of his duties as such, execute a good and sufficient bond to the State of Washington, with two or more sufficient sureties, residents of the State, in the penal sum of not less than $40,000, conditioned for the faithful performance of his duties as such treasurer and that he will faithfully account for and pay over to the person or persons entitled thereto all moneys which shall come into his hands as such officer, which bond shall be approved by the governor of the State, and shall be filed with the secretary of state. The president of the college shall be secretary of the board of regents, and shall perform all the duties pertaining to that office, but shall not have the right to vote. The secretary shall, in like manner as the treasurer, give a bond in the penal sum of not less than $5,000, conditioned for the faithful performance of his duties as such officer. (1891, 1897.)

SEC. 2518. The president of said board shall be the chief executive officer, shall preside at all meetings thereof (except that in his absence the board may appoint a president pro tempore), and sign all instruments required to be executed by said board. The treasurer shall be the financial officer of said board, shall keep a true

account of all moneys received and expended by him. The secretary shall be the recording officer of said board, shall attest all instruments required to be signed by the president, and shall keep a true record of all the proceedings of said board, and generally do all other things required of him by said board. (1891, 1897.)

SEC. 2519. The regents shall have the power, and it shall be their duty, to enact laws for the government of said agricultural college, experiment station, and school of science: Provided, The board of regents shall maintain at least one experimental station in the western portion of the State. (1891, 1897.)

SEC. 2520. The board of regents shall direct the disposition of any moneys belonging to or appropriated to the agricultural college, experiment station, and school of science established by this article, and shall make all rules and regulations necessary for the management of the same, adopt plans and specifications for necessary buildings, and superintend the construction of said buildings, and fix the salaries of professors, teachers, and other employees, and tuition fees to be charged in said college. (1891, 1897.)

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SEC. 2521. The agricultural experiment station provided for in this article in connection with said agricultural college shall be under the direction of said board of regents of said college for the purpose of conducting experiments in agriculture according to the terms of section 1 of an act of Congress approved March 2, 1887. * * The said college and experiment station shall be entitled to receive all the benefits and donations made and given to similar institutions of learning in other States and Territories of the United States by the legislation of the Congress of the United States now in force or that may be enacted, and particularly to the benefits and donations given by the provisions of [the acts of Congress approved July 2, 1862, and acts supplementary thereto, March 2, 1887, and August 30, 1890]. (1891, 1897.)

SEC. 2522. The assent of the legislature of the State of Washington is hereby given, in pursuance of the requirements of section 9 of said act of Congress approved March 2, 1887, to the granting of money therein made to the establishment of experiment stations in accordance with section 1 of said last-mentioned act, and assent is hereby given to carry out within the State of Washington every provision of said act. (1891, 1897.)

SEC. 2523. The meetings of the board of regents may be called in such manner as the board may prescribe, and the majority of said board shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business; but a less number may adjourn from time to time. All meetings of the said board may be held in the office of the college buildings. No vacancy in said board shall impair the rights of the remaining board. A full meeting of the board shall be called at least once a year. (1891, 1897.)

SEC. 2524. Each member of the board of regents created by this chapter shall, before entering upon his duties, take and subscribe an oath to discharge faithfully and honestly his duties in the premises and to perform strictly and impartially the same to the best of his ability. Said oath shall be filed with the secretary of state. (1891, 1897.)

SEC. 2525. The regents shall be allowed their actual and necessary traveling expenses in going to and returning from all the necessary sessions of their board, and also their necessary expenses while in actual attendance upon the same. (1891, 1897.)

SEC. 2526. The board of regents shall, on or before the 1st day of November of each year, make a full and true report in detail of all their acts and doings during the previous year, their receipts and expenditures, the exact status of their institution, and other information they may deem proper and useful or which may be called for by the governor, which said report shall be made to the governor, who shall transmit the same to the succeeding session of the legislature. A copy of said report shall be furnished to the superintendent of public instruction. (1891, 1897.)

SEC. 2527. The treasurer of said board shall make disbursements of the funds in his hands on the order of the board, which order shall be countersigned by the secretary of the board, and shall state on what account the disbursement is made. (1891, 1897.)

SEC. 2528. No employee or member of the board created by this chapter shall be interested pecuniarily, either directly or indirectly, in any contract for any building or improvements of said institution, or for the furnishing of supplies for the same. (1891, 1897.)

SEC. 2529. The governor of the State shall be ex officio advisory member of the board provided for in this chapter, but shall not have the right to votė nor be eligible to office therein. (1891, 1897.)

SEC. 2530. The board of regents are hereby empowered to grant the usual ac✨

demic and honorary degrees, and to issue diplomas therefor, upon the recommendation made by the faculty. (1895, 1897.)

SEC. 2531. It shall be the duty of the board of regents herein provided for, as soon after their organization as practicable, and as soon as there shall be an appropriation therefor in the hands of the State treasurer in any amount sufficient to warrant the beginning of the erection of the several buildings herein provided for, or any wing or section of the same, to enter into contracts with one or more contractors for the erection and construction of such suitable buildings and improvements for the institution created by this chapter as in their judgment shall be deemed best, or the funds aforesaid shall warrant, all things considered; such contract or contracts to be let after open public notice and competition, under such regulations as shall be established by said board, to the person or persons who offer to execute such work on the most advantageous terms: Provided, That in all cases said board shall require from contractors a good and sufficient bond for the faithful performance of the work and the full protection of the State against mechanics' and other liens: And provided further, That the board shall not have the power to enter into any contract for the erection of any buildings or improvements which shall bind said board to pay out any sum in excess of the amount provided for said purpose. (1891, 1897.)

SEC. 2532. The board provided for in this chapter shall have power in their discretion to employ skilled architects and superintendents to prepare plans and specifications and to supervise the construction of any of the buildings provided for in this chapter and to fix the compensation for such services, subject to the provisions and restrictions of this act. (1891, 1897.)

SEC. 2533. Whenever there shall be any money in the hands of the State treasurer to the credit of any of the specific funds set apart for the institution created by this chapter, deemed sufficient by the board to commence the erection of any of the necessary buildings or improvements or to pay the necessary running or other expenses of said institution, the State auditor, on the request in writing of said board shall, and it is hereby made his duty to, draw his warrants in favor of the treasurer of said board and upon the State treasury against the specific fund belonging to said institution in such sum, not exceeding the amount on hand in such specific fund, at such time as said board may deem necessary: Provided, That said board shall draw said money as it may be necessary to disburse the same. (1891, 1897.)

Laws, 1895, chapter 167: SECTION 1. [Makes the professor of veterinary science at the agricultural college ex officio State veterinarian.]

Laws, 1899, chapter 43: SEC. 16. The secretary of state, the professor of agriculture of the agricultural college, and the dairy commissioner are hereby created a State board of dairy commissioners ex officio. (March 7, 1899.)

Laws, 1899, chapter 82: SECTION 1. The operation and conduct of the agricultural experiment station heretofore established at Puyallup, Wash., shall be under the supervision and control of the board of regents of the agricultural college and school of science, and the State auditor is hereby authorized to audit all claims, and, if found correct, to issue warrants upon the State treasurer in payment of bills duly authorized by said board as provided by law, and the State treasurer is hereby directed to pay the same. (March 13, 1899.)

WEST VIRGINIA.

[The following matter is taken from The Code of West Virginia (fourth edition), compiled by John A. Warth. Charleston, 1900.]

Chapter 45: SEC. 76. The Agricultural College of West Virginia, located and established at Morgantown, in the county of Monongalia, in pursuance of the act passed February 7, 1867, entitled "An act for the regulation of the West Virginia Agricultural College," shall be and remain as so established and located; and all the provisions of said act, except so far as the same may be altered by this chapter, shall remain in full force and effect to the same extent as if this chapter as amended had not been passed. (1872-73, 1881.)

SEC. 77. The name of said college shall hereafter be "The West Virginia University," by which name it shall have and hold all the property, funds, investments, rights, powers, and privileges now had and held under the name prescribed in the above-recited act. (1872-73, 1881.)

SEC. 78 [as amended by Laws, 1901, chapter 52, passed February 18, 1901]. For the government and control of said university there shall be a board of regents

consisting of nine persons, co be called "the regents of the West Virginia Uni versity." As such board they may sue and be sued, and have a common seal. The said board shall have the custody and control of the property and funds of said university, except as otherwise provided by law. They shall have the power to accept from any person or persons any gift, grant, or devise of money, land or other property intended for the use of the university, and shall, by such acceptance, be trustees of the funds and property which may come into the possession or under the control of said board by such gift, grant, or devise, and shall invest and hold such funds and property, and apply the proceeds and property in such manner as the donor may prescribe by the terms of his gift, grant, or devise. A majority of said regents shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business, except that for making arrangements for the erection of buildings or the permanent alteration thereof, or the appointment to or removal from office of professors, or fixing their compensation, or changing any rule or regulations adopted by a majority of the board, in which case all of the regents shall be notified in writing by the secretary of the board of the meeting place and object of the meeting proposed to be held for any of the purposes excepted in this section; and the conference of a majority of the regents shall be required. Said board of regents shall consist of nine members, who shall be residents and voters of the State. The governor shall, on or before March 15, 1901, or as soon thereafter as convenient, appoint_said nine regents, who shall be divided into two classes, consisting of four and five regents, respectively. The term of office of both classes shall begin on May 1, 1901; and the term of office of the first class shall continue for two years and until their successors are appointed and qualified, and the term of the second class shall continue for four years and until their successors are appointed and qualified; and thereafter the term of office of each class shall be for four years and until their successors are appointed and qualified. Any person appointed a regent during the recess of the senate shall serve as such until the next meeting of the senate. The governor may by appointment fill any vacancy occurring in the board for the unexpired term. Not more than six of said regents shall belong to the same political party, and not more than one shall be appointed from the same senatorial district or county. The term of office of the regents now in office shall expire on April 30, 1901.

SEC. 79. The board of regents shall from time to time establish such depart-' ments of education in literature, science, art, agriculture, and military tactics as they may deem expedient, and as the funds under their control may warrant, and purchase such materials, implements, and apparatus as may be requisite to proper instruction in all said branches of learning, so as to carry out the spirit of the act of Congress aforesaid, approved July 2, 1862. (1872-73, 1881.)

SEC. 80. The said board shall establish and declare such rules and regulations and by-laws, not inconsistent with the laws of this State or of the United States, as they may deem necessary for the proper organization, the tuition of students and good government of said university, and the protection of public property belonging thereto. They shall appoint a superintendent of buildings and grounds, a secretary for the faculty, and a secretary for said board, and also a treasurer, who shall be members of the faculty of the university; and the person so appointed shall receive such compensation as the board may determine, not, however, to exceed $300 per year. From said treasurer they shall take a bond, with ample security, conditioned according to law, for the faithful keeping and disposing of such money as is herein or may be hereafter appropriated, and such other money as may be allowed by said board to come into his hand from time to time; they shall also settle with him annually or oftener if they think best, inspect annually all the property belonging to said university and make a full report of the condition, income, expenditures, and management of such university annually to the governor, to be by him laid before the legislature. (1872-73, 1881, 1887, 1899.) SEC. 81. The board shall have power to create a preparatory department to said university and establish any other professorships than those indicted [indicated] heretofore, if the same be deemed essential; to fix the salaries of the several professors and to remove them for good cause, but in case of removal the concurrence of a majority of the regents shall be required, and the reasons for a removal shall be communicated in a written statement to the governor. (1872–73, 1881.)

SEC. 82 [as amended by Laws, 1903, chapter 30]. Besides prescribing the general terms upon which students may be admitted, and the course of instruction, the regents are still further empowered to admit as regular students of the university not more than 225 cadets in the military department. Each member of the senate shall be entitled to appoint one cadet from his district on or before June 1 in the second year of his term and one cadet on or before June 1 in the fourth year of his term. Each member of the house of delegates shall be entitled to appoint one

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