20. Expenditure on education generally, whether within or outside the purview of the Board of Education.-Besides the expenditure on education within the purview of the Board of Education, there is also expenditure of public funds on other kinds of education in England and Wales, outside the purview of the Board of Education. The Board are not in a position to put forward estimates of such expenditure for 1928, but the following figures relate to the expenditure for 1926-27, the most recent year for which the information is available. The expenditure of that year was:

This total may be thus analysed according to its objects:

The foregoing table is fairly comprehensive and shuts out nothing that is within the public educational system as that term is ordinarily used; but if it were desired to stretch the term still wider, the following services might also reasonably come under consideration :

Poor Law Schools.-Local Government Act, 1888; Reformatory and Industrial Schools, Class III. Vote 5.

Forestry Education.-Class VI. Vote 11, Subhead G.

Scientific Investigation, etc. (Grants to Colleges and Schools).-Class IV. Vote 8.

Education Grant in respect of children of disabled officers and deceased officers and men.-Ministry of Pensions. Class VIII. Vote 2.

Schools for Mothers.-Grants by Ministry of Health. Class V. Vote 1. Professional and Industrial Training of Ex-Service Officers and Men and Training of Ex-Service Nurses.-Ministry of Labour. Class V. Vote 9.

Training and Equipment of women for employment, Juvenile unemployment centres, and Training young unemployed men.-Class V. Vote 9.

Army Schools for Children of Soldiers and the general education of soldiers themselves.-Army Estimates.

APPENDIX.

Note on the Grant Regulations of the Board of Education in force for the year 1928. The Estimates for 1928 provide for the payment of grants :—

All the grants to L.E.As. are paid under Grant Regulations No. 1 (Elementary Education) or Grant Regulations No. 4 (Higher Education).

The other grant regulations provide for the payment of grants to nonL.E.A. bodies and to individual students and scholars, and prescribe the conditions under which the various institutions or services should be conducted. Some of these regulations also contain conditions applicable to the institutions or services when maintained by L.E.As.

The following abstract, summarising the grants, is arranged in the order of the Grants Regulations series: the Estimates themselves quote, under each subhead, the distinctive number of the regulations applicable.

ABSTRACT OF GRANT REGULATIONS.

G.R.
No.

1

2

Elementary Education-Regulations for Substantive Grant to Local
Education Authorities.

Grants to Local Education Authorities for Elementary Education are based upon the average attendance of children, the recognised expenditure of the Local Education Authorities and the assessable value of the area. The main heads of the calculation of grant for each area are :—

36s. per head of average attendance,

60 per cent. of teachers' salaries,

50 per cent. of expenditure on special services and maintenance allowances,

20 per cent. of other expenditure,

Less an amount equivalent to a rate of 7d. in the £.

If in any area the grant so calculated would fall below 50 per cent. of the recognised expenditure, the Regulations provide for bringing it up to that proportion. Special increases of grant are also provided for highly rated areas.

Elementary Education-Regulations for Deficiency Grant.

Section 118 (2) of the Education Act, 1921, states that the total sums paid to a Local Education Authority out of moneys provided by Parliament and the local taxation account in aid of Elementary or Higher Education shall not be less than one-half of the net expenditure of the Authority recognised by the Board of Education as expenditure in aid of which Parliamentary Grants should be made to the Authority, and if the total sums payable out of those moneys to an Authority in any year fall short of one-half of that expenditure, a deficiency grant equal to the amount of the deficiency shall be paid.

For the purpose of the Regualtions a deficiency is the amount, if any, by which in a financial year the total sums payable to a Local Education Authority by the Board of Education out of moneys provided by Parliament fall short of half of the Authority's net expenditure as defined in Grant Regulations No. 1.

G.R.
No.

3

4

5

6

7

Teachers' Superannuation Grant Regulations.

Grants to non-LE.A. Schools at half the contributions paid by the Governing Bodies as employers of teachers, under the provisions of the Teachers' (Superannuation) Act, 1925.

Higher Education (Substantive Grant) Regulations.

Grants to Local Education Authorities for Higher Education are based upon the expenditure of the Authorities and are assessed at such a rate as will, when added to the Residue Grant paid under the Local Taxation (Customs and Excise) Act, 1890, bring the amount of the State contributions in each area up to one-half of the net expenditure recognised by the Board as expenditure in aid of which Parliamentary Grants should be made to the Authority. Additional grants amounting to £70,000 are payable to certain Authorities which maintain Training Colleges, and deductions amounting to £70,000 are made from the grants to the Authorities which do not maintain Training Colleges.

State Scholarships Regulations.

The Board award annually not more than two hundred State Scholarships for students who proceed from grant aided Secondary Schools to Universities, there to undergo an approved course of study leading up to an Honours Degree. A Scholarship is tenable for three years and may in some cases be extended for a fourth year. If the State Scholar needs assistance to enable him to follow his approved course the Scholarship will comprise such grants as the Board think fit in aid of his fees, and, to an amount not exceeding £80 a year, of his maintenance.

Regulations for Further Education.

These Regulations provide grants for non-L.E.A. Colleges, Technical Day Classes, Art Schools, Junior Technical and Junior Housewifery Schools, Evening Institutes and Day Continuation Schools. The grants are determined by the Board after consideration of the character, efficiency, volume and cost of the work of the school. The Regulations also contain requirements applicable to these institutions and services when maintained by L.E.As.

Regulations for the Training of Teachers.

Grants are payable to non-L.E.A. Training Colleges and to Training Departments of Universities in respect of (1) the education and training and (2) the maintenance of recognised students. The grants for education and training are at the rate of £28 per annum for a man and £26 per annum for a woman in an ordinary training college. In a University Department the grant takes the form of the payment of the student's University fees during the first three years of his course, plus a supervision fee of £5 to the Training Department; in the fourth year the grant is paid to the Training Department at the rate of £35 per annum.

The grants for maintenance in residential institutions are payable to the institution, at the rate of £43 for a man and £34 for a woman; those for non-resident students are payable to the students, at £26 for a man and £20 for a woman.

The Regulations also contain requirements applicable to Training Colleges maintained by L.E.As.

G.R.

No.

7

8

10

11

Regulations for the Training of Teachers-continued.

Grants are also payable under these regulations to non-L.E.A. institutions which train pupil teachers. These grants, which are at the rate of £3 10s. per annum for each pupil teacher undergoing an approved course, will come to an end on 31st July, 1928.

Studentships up to £100 are also granted under these regulations to teachers attending full-time courses of advanced study or research, for periods not exceeding two years, at Universities or other institutions.

The travelling expenses of teachers selected to attend short courses of instruction arranged by the Board are paid under these Regulations.

Code of Regulations for Public Elementary Schools.

The Code contains the requirements with which all Public Elementary Schools must comply.

It also provides grants for Public Elementary Schools not maintained by Local Education Authorities at the rate of 45s. for each unit of average attendance, which may be increased to 48s. 6d. in those schools in which adequate and suitable provision is made for practical instruction.

Regulations for Secondary Schools.

These Regulations provide grants for non-L.E.A. Secondary Schools, at the following rates :

England.

£7 for each pupil between the ages of 11 and 18.

£2 for each pupil between the ages of 10 and 11 who was previously educated in a Public Elementary School.

Wales.

£8 for each pupil between the ages of 12 and 18.

A certain number of schools which do not satisfy the full requirements of the regulations, but were recognised for grant before the 1st August, 1907, receive grant at the rate of £4 10s. instead of £7 or £8.

An augmented grant up to £350 may be paid to small schools for which the ordinary grant falls short of that amount, and further small grants may be paid in certain cases towards meeting the expense of approved special or experimental work and of visits by acting teachers to other schools for the purpose of studying method and gaining enlarged experience.

Schools taking an Examination, approved under the Board's Examination Scheme, receive an additional grant not exceeding £2 on each pupil entered as a member of a Form submitted to the First Examination with the Board's approval, and on each pupil entered

for the Second Examination.

A further grant not exceeding £400 is made in respect of each Advanced Course approved by the Board subject to a limit of £1,200 for any one School.

The Regulations also contain requirements applicable to Secondary Schools maintained by L.E.As.

Regulations for Grants to Central Welsh Board.

Grants are payable to the Central Welsh Board and administered as part of their income under a Scheme dated 13th May, 1896. They consist of a fixed grant of £1,200 in continuation of the contribution