sphere; it was found imbedded in this hemisphere.

Another

case developed extensive softenings of the spinal cord while under preventive treatment for rabies.

Most of the material of this year has been made available for teaching by means of photographs and lantern slides. About eleven thousand slides, mounted for microscopic use, have been prepared and stained by the laboratory force. Serial work and regional work on the distribution of lesions requires the making of many sections; a variety of stains used on the same block, and the necessity of making several duplicates for distribution to the hospitals, and for the collection at the Institute, causes our slide work to be unusually heavy. Three women technicians who are good workers constitute the laboratory force.

Finally, it should be mentioned that a new department has been added to the Institute in the course of the year. Formerly the serological tests for syphilis were made by the assistants in the clinical department. The great value of these tests has for some time suggested the importance of having a department in which they could be performed by an expert, who would not confine himself only to routine tests, but would devote part of his time to research in the field of serology, and who could also start very careful studies on the treatment of general paralysis. This led to the appointment of a special assistant, and for a part of the year the laboratory devoted to the work has been in running order. It took some time and thought to get together the equipment, to arrange the work, and to devise pieces of apparatus. All this was done with a view to have the work take in, not only the Wassermann tests here, but also those for all the hospitals. over the State which desire such co-operation, and at the same time to have the necessary facilities for research as well.

The arrangement for making the Wasserman tests for all the hospitals, and the special methods for safe transportation of the specimens, so that deterioration is excluded, are about to be completed, and studies on the intraspinal treatment of general paralysis have begun.

In addition to the routine tests and the treatment spoken of, work has, however, been done also on the investigation of the Wassermann reaction as such, with the aim, through the aid of physical chemistry, of rendering clearer the mechanism involved

and of standardizing the reagents in what it is hoped will be a more perfect way than that at present in use.

Studies have also been begun in other promising procedures of serological analysis, among them might be included the gold solreaction of Lange, and the Abderhalden-Fauser reaction for dementia praecox, etc.

Finally, work is under way on the problem whether a separate strain of treponema pallida may or may not be involved in general paralysis, for which purpose rabbits were inoculated with brain tissue taken from general paralysis.

We feel that the department is and will be an important addition, and hope that we shall be able to extend its activities into other promising researches.

The following changes in the staff took place during the year: On April 1, 1914, Dr. Sterne Morse was appointed assistant in serology. On August 10, 1914, Dr. Glenn E. Myers was granted a leave of absence for a year to go abroad. His place was taken by Dr. Walter L. Treadway, who was detailed to this position. by the U. S. Public Health Service.

The various publications from the Institute will be found mentioned in the February Bulletin of the year 1915. It may here only be added that a volume has been issued during the year of collected reprints, as the first volume of contributions; the second, which also was issued, is formed by a monograph on "Focal Symptoms in General Paralysis."

In closing, I wish to state that to my associates, who have performed their duties with great conscientiousness and genuine enthusiasm, belongs much of the credit of what has been accomplished during the year. I also desire to express my pleasure over the excellent relationship which exists between the hospitals and the Institute, and which is largely due to the spirit of cooperation which the officers of the various hospitals have uniformly manifested, and above all, I desire to thank your Commission for your continued support of our endeavors.

Respectfully yours,

September 30, 1914.

AUGUST HOCH,

Director.

REPORT OF BUREAU OF DEPORTATION

To the State Hospital Commission:

I beg to submit herewith the report of the work done by this Bureau during the fiscal year ending September 30, 1914. The following is a concise statement of the number of insane aliens and nonresidents removed from the State hospitals and kindred institutions during the time specified and the means employed for their removal:

Of the number just stated 981 had already become public charges in the various State hospitals, while the remainder, 243, were removed from the psychopathic wards of Bellevue and Kings County Hospitals and from various charitable institutions, thereby preventing their becoming an actual charge upon the State of New York. As against a total for last year of 379 aliens suffering from insanity due to causes existing prior to landing in this country and deported by the Department of Commerce and Labor, Immigration Service, we have deported through the same Department 399 aliens during the past fiscal year. Of these cases 353 had actually become inmates of State hospitals while the remaining 46 had been or were public charges at the time of their deportation in institutions supported wholly or in part by charity. During the year medical certificates preliminary to deportation were issued for 521 aliens as against 461 for the year 1913. These certificates were issued for aliens who had become public charges by reason of insanity from causes which existed prior to and at the time of their landing in this country.

The employment exclusively of medical men as examiners and deputies in the Bureau finds justification in this particular branch of the work.

PAYMENT FOR MAINTENANCE OF DEPORTABLE ALIENS

Subdivision 7 of Rule 22 of the Immigration Laws revised to March 10, 1913, provides, that "in the case of aliens who have become public charges from causes existing prior to landing such cost (cost of maintenance pending deportation on warrant) will be allowed only for the period subsequent to the date of issuance of the warrant of arrest and then only when this is followed by an order of deportation." The payment for maintenance of such deportable aliens has been discontinued. According to our viewpoint, this is a rank injustice to the State of New York. There is no doubt that the proper attitude for the Federal government to take in regard to the payment of maintenance for aliens sojourning in State hospitals would be to pay for their maintenance from the date of their admission to the hospital until their deportation or removal, either by death or in some other manner.

We are given to understand that the Department of Commerce and Labor has no appropriation for the payment of such maintenance bills and we respectfully recommend that the State Hospital Commission make every effort to present this matter as forcibly as possible to the properly constituted Federal authorities or legislative authorities in Washington. The State of New York has yearly become more heavily burdened with insane aliens, many of whom the immigration authorities should not have permitted to land. Not only is this State saddled with their maintenance for a considerable period of time, even under the most favorable circumstances tending toward their deportation, but, in many instances, warrants have been cancelled and it has become necessary to care for these aliens for the rest of their lives.

Practically 28 to 30 per cent of the entire immigration into the United States is destined to New York State. In addition, New York State receives a large number of immigrants originally destined to other States, but who, for one reason or another, never pass beyond our borders. About 55 per cent of all cases returned

by the Federal authorities from all ports by reason of insanity are deported through the activities of this Bureau. For instance, during the fiscal year ending September 30, 1914, there were deported by the Immigration Service from all parts of the United States a total of 721 aliens. Of this number 399 were deported through the activities of this Bureau.

INFLUENCE OF WAR ON DEPORTATIONS BY FEDERAL AUTHORITIES

The number deported would have been considerably larger if war had not unsettled conditions in Europe. During the month following the outbreak of the war, the Federal Immigration authorities were able to deport only one case as against a monthly average of about thirty-five for the rest of the year.

REPATRIATION OF ALIENS NOT DEPORTABLE UNDER THE FEDERAL IMMIGRATION LAW

During the fiscal year 426 alien insane, who had resided in this country for a period of over three years and who were, therefore, not deportable under the provisions of the Immigration Law, were returned either at the expense of the State or of their friends or both, to relatives in foreign countries. The number thus returned the previous year was 486. The decrease in the number of aliens returned during the past year is attributable to several factors, the most important being the war which for a period of almost two months seriously crippled the activities of the Bureau. If normal conditions had existed it is probable that last year's record would have been eclipsed. However, in my opinion, it will be impossible to continue the present rate of repatriating insane aliens. When repatriation was first undertaken there were so many insane aliens whom their relatives wished to repatriate that the matter narrowed down simply to making arrangements with the steamship companies and engaging nurses and attendants to accompany the aliens. Later the supply of aliens available for repatriation became less plentiful and diligent inquiry for them has been repeatedly made in the several State hospitals. At the present time most of the patients who can be repatriated have been several years in this country. The majority of the aliens