Qualifications.

Assistants.

Duties.

Inspection of boilers, etc.

Safety valves.

his term of office is four years, unless sooner removed by the governor. The inspector of boilers must execute an official bond in the sum of five thousand dollars.

SEC. 551. No person is eligible to hold the office of inspector of boilers and steam machinery who has not had at least five years of actual practice in the operations of steam engines, steam boilers and steam machinery, or who is directly or indirectly interested in the manufacture or sale of boilers or steam machinery, or any patented article required to be sold or in general use in the construction of steam boilers or steam engines.

SEC. 552 (as amended by chapter 45, Acts of 1907). There shall be two assistant inspectors of boilers, each of whom shall be called assistant inspector of boilers. Such assistant inspectors must be persons who have had at least four years practical experience in the operation of steam engines and boilers, and must be persons of temperate habits and good character and qualified to perform the duties of their office. They shall be appointed by the governor, by and with the advice and consent of the senate, and be subject to removal at the will of the governor. The salary of each assistant inspector shall be eighteen hundred ($1,800.00) dollars per year. Each assistant inspector must execute an official bond in the sum of twenty-five hundred ($2,500.00) dollars.

There shall be a clerk to the State boiler inspector to be appointed by him, who shall also when not engaged in duties as clerk of the State boiler inspector's office, perform such duties as clerk of the State quartz mine inspector and State coal mine inspector's office, as those offices may require. The salary of the clerk to the boiler inspector shall be fifteen hundred ($1,500.00) dollars per year, and the clerk must execute an official bond in the sum of two thousand ($2,000.00) dollars..

SEC. 553 (as amended by chapter 32, Acts of 1905). The inspector of boilers must have his office at the seat of government, and must adopt rules as nearly uniform as possible for the inspection of steam boilers, and prescribe the nature and extent of the examination of applicants for licenses and adopt such rules for the issuing thereof as are required by the provisions of this article, and must adopt such rules as he may deem necessary to carry into effect the provisions of this article, and distribute copies of such rules among the engineers, superintendents of mines and mining companies of the State, and all persons having charge or control of steam machinery.

SEC. 554. The inspector of boilers must inspect all steam boilers and steam generators before the same are used, except in the case of new boilers, which must be inspected within ninety days after they are put in use, unless accompanied by a certificate that such boiler has been inspected by a regular State inspector, and all boilers must be inspected at least once in every year. And the inspector of boilers must subject all boilers to hydrostatic pressure, and satisfy himself by a thorough internal and external examination, that the boilers are well made and of good and suitable materials; that the openings for the passage of water and steam, respectively, and all pipes and tubes exposed to heat are of the proper dimensions and free from obstructions; that the flues are circular in form; that the fire line of the furnace is at least two inches below prescribed minimum water line of the boilers; that the arrangement for delivering the feed water is such that the boilers can not be injured thereby, and that such boilers and their steam connections may be safely employed without danger to life.

SEC. 555. He must also satisfy himself that the safety valves are of suitable dimensions, sufficient in number and area, and properly arranged, and that the safety valve weights are properly adjusted, so as to allow no greater pressure in the boilers than the amount prescribed by the inspection certificate; that there are a sufficient number of gauge cocks properly inserted to indicate the amount of water, and suitable gauges that will correctly record the pressure of steam; and adequate and certain provisions for an ample supply to feed boilers at all times, and that suitable means for blowing out are provided, so as to thoroughly remove the mud and sediment from all parts of the

boilers when they are under pressure of steam. In subjecting boilers to the hydrostatic test, the inspector must assume one hundred and twenty-five pounds to the square inch as the maximum pressure allow- Maximum able as a working pressure for new boilers of forty-two inches in diame-pressure. ter, made in the best manner, of plates one-fourth of an inch thick, and of good material; but the inspector must rate the working power of all high-pressure boilers according to their strength as compared with this standard, and in all cases the test applied must exceed the working pressure allowed, in the ratio of one hundred and seventy-five. Should the inspector be of the opinion that any boiler, by reason of its construction, or material, will not safely allow so high a working pressure, or will allow a greater working pressure than is herein provided, he may, for reasons to be stated specifically in his certificate, fix the pressure of such boiler at more or less than three-fourths of the test pressure, as the case may be.

Use of bad ma

SEC. 556. No boiler or steam pipe, nor any of the connections thereto must be approved which is made in whole or in part of bad material, terial, etc. or is unsafe from any cause. Nothing herein shall be construed to prevent the use of any boiler or steam generator which may not be constructed of riveted iron or steel plates, when the inspector has satisfactory evidence that such boiler or steam generator is equal in strength to and as safe from explosion as boilers of the best quality, constructed of iron or steel plates. In any case where for good cause the inspector is unable to make any such inspection or examination of any steam boiler, it is the duty of the assistant inspector to proceed and act in accordance with the requirements of this article as fully as the inspector is empowered to do.

SEC. 557. In addition to the annual inspection, it is the duty of the Additional inspector, or of the assistant inspector, to examine at proper times, inspections. when in their opinion such examination is necessary, all such boilers

as shall have become unsafe from any cause, and to notify the owner or the person using such boilers of any defect and what repairs are necessary to render them safe.

SEC. 558. It is the duty of the owners or managers of steam boilers to allow the inspectors free access to the same, and the engineer operating the same must assist the inspectors in their examinations and point out any defects they may know in the boilers or machinery in their charge. Any engineer not complying with this section shall have his license revoked or be suspended.

Access to

boilers.

separate.

SEC. 562. In making the inspection of boilers and machinery herein Inspections provided for, the inspectors may act jointly or separately; but the may be joint or inspector or assistant inspector, making such inspection, must in all cases subscribe and make oath to the certificate of inspection, and report such action. Any inspector or assistant inspector who willfully and falsely certifies regarding any steam boilers or their attachments, or tion. grants a license to any person to act as engineer, contrary to the provisions of this article, is punishable under the provisions of section 635, of the Penal Code.

False certifica

SEC. 563 (as amended by chapter 32, Acts of 1905). The inspector Fees. or assistant inspectors are authorized to charge a fee of ten dollars for the inspection of each single boiler and its steam connections, and five dollars for each additional boiler when connected. The fee for the inspection of each traction engine or boiler on wheels shall be ten dollars. The fee for the inspection of boilers in incorporated cities shall be five dollars. Such fees shall be payable at the time of the delivery of the inspector's certificate of inspection. All certificates of inspection and engineer's licenses must be displayed in a conspicuous place in the engine room.

* * *

law.

SEC. 566 (as amended by chapter 32, Acts of 1905). This article does, Application of not apply to locomotives in Montana, nor to boilers used for heating purposes in private residences, nor to any boiler having a capacity of only five horsepower or less; nor are locomotive engineers or persons operating any of the engines or boilers herein exempted from the operation of this article, required to procure licenses from the inspector or assistant inspectors. It shall be the duty of the owner or user of any traction engine or boiler on wheels, other than locomotives, to notify

Fire escapes required, where.

the inspector of the location of such boiler on or before the first day of June in each year. Any owner or user of such engine or boiler failing to so notify the inspector shall be punished by a fine or [of] not less than twenty-five dollars nor more than one hundred dollars.

NEBRASKA.

COMPILED STATUTES-EDITION OF 1901.

Fire escapes on factories, etc.

SECTION 3168a. * * * All buildings in this State, which are four or more stories in height, excepting such as are used for private residences exclusively, but including flats and apartment buildings, shall be provided with one or more metallic ladder or stair fire escapes attached to the outer walls thereof, and provided with platforms of such size and dimensions, and such proximity to one or more windows of each story above the first, as to render access to such ladder or stairs from each such story easy and safe, and shall also be provided with one or more automatic metallic fire escapes, or other proper device, to be attached to the inside of said buildings so as to afford an effective means of escape to all occupants who, for any reason, are unable to use said ladders or stairs; the number, material, location, and construction of such escapes to be subject to the approval of the commissioner of labor Proviso as to or his deputy: Provided, however, "That all buildings, more than two stories in height, used for manufacturing purposes, shall have at least one such fire escape for every fifty persons, and one such automatic metallic escape for every twenty-five persons, for which working, accommodations are provided above the second stories of said buildings; *

factories, etc.

New buildings.

Enforcement.

Penalty.

Commissioner

vise.

*

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*

*

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*

SEC. 3168b. All buildings of the number of stories and used for the purposes set forth in section 4 of this act [sec. 3168a] which shall be hereafter erected in this State shall, upon or before their completion, each be provided with fire escapes of the kind and number and in the manner set forth in this act.

SEC. 3168c. It shall be the duty of said commissioner of labor or his deputy to serve a written notice in behalf of the people of the State of Nebraska, upon the owner or owners, trustees, or lessees, their agents or the occupant of any building within this State, not provided with fire escapes in accordance with the provisions of this act, commanding such owner, trustee, lessee or occupant, or either of them, to place or cause to be placed upon such building such fire escape or escapes as is provided for in section four (4) of this act [sec. 3168a] within thirty (30) days after the service of such notice. And the grand juries of the several counties of this State may also, during any term visit or hear testimony relating to any building or buildings within their respective counties, for the purpose of ascertaining whether it or they are provided with fire escapes in accordance with the requirements of this act, and submit the result of their inquiry, together with any recommendations they may desire to make, to the district court, and said court may thereupon, if it find from the report of said grand jury that said building or buildings is or are not provided with a fire escape or escapes, in accordance with this act, cause the sheriff to serve a notice or notices upon the owner, trustee, lessee, or occupant of such building or buildings.

SEC. 3168d. Any such owner or owners, trustee, lessee or occupant or either of them, or their agents, so served with notice as aforesaid, who shall not, within sixty (60) days after the service of such notice upon him or them, place or cause to be placed such fire escape or escapes upon such building as required by this act and the terms of such notice, shall be subject to a fine of not less than twenty-five or more than two hundred dollars, and to a further fine of fifty dollars for each additional week of neglect to comply with such notice.

SEC. 3168e. The erection and construction of any and all fire escapes of labor to super-provided for in this act shall be under the direct supervision and control of said commissioner of labor or his deputy, and it shall be unlawful for any person or persons, firm or corporation to erect or construct any fire escape or escapes, except in accordance with a written permit first

had and obtained and signed by said commissioner of labor or his deputy, which permit shall prescribe the number, location, material, kind and manner of construction of such fire escape.

SEC. 3168f. Any person or persons, firm or corporation, who shall be Application required to place one or more fire escapes upon any building or buildfor permit. ings, under the provisions of this act, shall file in the office of said commissioner of labor or his deputy a written application for a permit to erect or construct such fire escape or escapes, which application shall briefly describe the character of such building or buildings, the height and number of stories thereof, the number of fire escapes proposed to be placed thereon, the purposes for which such building or buildings is or are used, and the greatest number of people who use or occupy or are employed in such building or buildings above the second stories thereof at any one time.

Bureau of labor census and industrial statistics.

SECTION 3310. There is hereby created a bureau of labor census and Bureau cre industrial statistics, with headquarters in the capitol building, for ated. which stationery, postage, expressage, printing, and facilities for transacting business shall be furnished the same as for other executive departments.

SEC. 3311. The governor of this State is hereby made commissioner Commissioner. of said bureau.

Deputy com

SEC. 3312. Said commissioner shall have the power to appoint a deputy at a salary of fifteen hundred dollars per annum, who, when missioner. acting for or instead of said commissioner, shall have and may exercise equal power and authority subject to the approval of the commissioner.

SEC. 3313. The duties of said commissioner shall be to collect, col- Duties. late, and publish statistics and facts relative to manufacturers, industrial classes, and material resources of the State, and especially to examine into the relations between labor and capital, the means of escape from fire and protection of life and health in factories and workshops, mines and other places of industries, the employment of illegal child labor, the exaction of unlawful hours of labor from any employee, the educational, sanitary, moral, and financial condition of laborers and artisans, the cost of food, fuel, clothing, and building material, the causes of strikes and lockouts, as well as kindred subjects and matters pertaining to the welfare of industrial interests and classes.

SEC. 3314. The commissioner or his deputy shall have power to Powers. enter any factory or workshop in which labor is employed, for the purpose of gathering facts and statistics, or of examining the means for escape from fire, and the provisions for the health and safety of operatives in such factory or workshop. He may also post in such factory or workshop the laws now, or hereafter to be, made in respect to child labor, fire escapes, hours of labor, or others pertaining to the health or safety of employees; and if the owner, manager or agent shall remove or destroy the same he shall, upon conviction thereof, be fined in any sum not to exceed fifty dollars for each offense. And in case the officer of the bureau shall discover any violation of, or neglect to comply with, said laws, he shall notify the owner or occupant of said workshop or factory in writing of the offense or neglect, and if such offense or neglect is not corrected within thirty days after the service of notice aforesaid, he shall lodge formal complaint with the attorney of the county in which the offense is committed or the neglect occurs, whereupon said officer shall proceed against the offender according to law.

SEC. 3317. The said commissioner shall have power to prescribe Reports from blank forms and transmit them to employers, which shall be filled employers. out clearly and completely under oath, by the person or persons to

whom they are sent, with the facts, statistics, and statements asked

for, and returned to him within such reasonable time as he may fix.

In case any owner or occupant, or his agent, shall refuse to admit any Penalty for reofficer of the said bureau to his workshop or factory, when open or in fusing access. operation, he shall forfeit the sum of ten dollars for each and every offense, and if he shall, through his agent or otherwise, neglect, fail, or refuse to fill out the said blank forms, and verify and return them as required, he shall forfeit the sum of ten dollars for each and every day

Set screws to be countersunk.

Penalty.

Liability.

Fire escapes to be erected.

Enforcement.

Same subject.

Hoistways,

said blanks may be so delayed beyond the time fixed by the commissioners for their return. The forfeits named and provided in this act shall be sued for in the name of the State by the county attorney of the respective county where such offense is committed, upon the complaint of any officer of said bureau, or any citizen, and shall be paid into the school fund.

NEVADA.

ACTS OF 1903.

CHAPTER 13.- Inspection of factories-Safety appliances.

SECTION 1. It shall be unlawful for any person, company or corporation, after the first day of July, nineteen hundred and three, to construct or place any shaft or shafting with collars, sleeves or pulleys over two feet in diameter attached or secured to such shaft by set screws projecting above the hub of such collars, sleeves or pulleys. In all such cases where set screws are used, the heads thereof shall be countersunk below the surface of the hub of the collar, sleeve or pulley in which they are placed.

SEC. 2. Any person or corporation who shall, after the first day of July, 1903, fail or refuse to comply with the requirements of this act, when constructing or changing any machinery, shall be guilty of a misdemeanor, and upon conviction thereof shall be fined not less than one hundred nor more than five hundred dollars.

SEC. 3. Nothing contained in this act, shall be so construed as to prevent recovery in a suit for damages, for injuries sustained by the party so injured or his heirs or administrators.

NEW JERSEY.

GENERAL STATUTES-1895.

Fire escapes on factories, etc.

(Page 1516.)

SECTION 214. All buildings now or hereafter erected in which twenty or more persons live or congregate or are employed, temporarily or otherwise, above the first or ground floor thereof, shall have one or more, as the proper authority shall direct, external wrought iron fire escapes, of such dimensions and character and subject to such regulation and construction as the said proper authority shall designate.

SEC. 215. In all incorporated municipalities the board of aldermen, city council or borough commissioners shall provide for the enforcement of the provisions of this act by ordinance.

SEC. 216. In all sections outside of incorporated municipalities township committees shall have power to enforce the provisions of this act.

ACTS OF 1904.

CHAPTER 64.-Inspection of factories-Employment of labor-Department of labor.

SECTION 11. The openings of all hoistways, hatchways, elevators, and etc., to be wellholes upon every floor of any place coming under the provisions guarded. of this act, shall be protected by good and sufficient trapdoors or selfclosing hatches and safety catches, or strong guard-rails at least three feet high, and shall be kept closed and protected at all times except when in actual use by the occupant of the building having the use and control of the same.

Doors.

Belt shifters, guards, etc.

SEC. 12. All the main doors, both inside and outside of places coming under the provisions of this act, shall open outwardly or be sliding doors, and shall be kept unbolted and unlocked during the hours of employment.

SEC. 13. The owner or person in charge of any of the places coming under the provisions of this act, where machinery is used, shall pro