PUBLIC LOCAL LAWS--CODE OF 1888.

ARTICLE 4.-Factories and workshops-Oil-Fire escapes-Baltimore.

SECTION 280 (Revision of 1898: Chapter 123, Acts of 1898).

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* Use of coal oil,

It shall not be lawful for any person, agent, owner or proprietor of any etc., forbidden. sweat shop or factory where four or more persons are employed, to use any coal oil, gasoline, or any other explosive or inflammable compound for the purpose of lighting or heating in any form; and any person, agent, owner or proprietor violating this provision shall be guilty of a misdemeanor, and on conviction thereof, be fined by the court before which such conviction is had, for every violation, the sum of one hundred dollars and costs, and stand committed until such fine and costs be paid. The owner or owners of any such house or building used as a sweat shop or factory where four or more persons are employed as garment workers,

on other than the first floor of such house or building, shall provide fire Fire escapes. escapes for the same; and if any owner or owners of any house or building so used, fail to make or provide a fire escape, such owner or owners shall pay a fine of two hundred dollars, to be recovered as other fines in this State, or imprisonment in the city jail for sixty days, or both fine and imprisonment, in the discretion of the court.

ARTICLE 4 (Revision of 1898: Chapter 123, Acts of 1898).-Inspection of steam boilers-Baltimore.

SECTION 572. The governor shall biennially appoint two suitable per- Inspectors. sons who are well skilled in the construction and use of steam engines and boilers, and in application of steam thereto, whose duty it shall be to inspect steam boilers in the city of Baltimore, as hereinafter specified and directed; said inspectors before entering on their duties, shall make oath before a justice of the peace, that they are not, and will not during their term of office, be connected with, or interested in the manufacture of steam boilers, engines or machinery applicable there

to,

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SEC. 573. The city of Baltimore is divided into two districts, which shall be known as the first and second steam boiler inspection districts: * * *

Districts.

SEC. 574. The inspectors, before entering on the discharge of their Office, notices, duties, shall provide themselves with an office in a central part of said etc. city, also with the necessary apparatus and appliances for the testing of steam boilers; and they shall give notice for three successive days, through the two daily papers having the largest circulation in said city, of the time and manner in which they shall receive the reports of the locations of steam boilers.

SEC. 575. Every owner or renter using a steam boiler in said city, Owners to reshall, within ten days after the publication of the aforesaid notice, port. report to the inspector of the district the location of such boiler, under

a penalty of fifty dollars for each day a boiler is used and neglected to be reported.

Notice to pre

SEC. 576. The inspector of each district shall give six days' notice in writing to each owner or renter of a steam boiler, or the engineer or cede inspection. person in charge, of the time when he will inspect such boiler; and such owner or renter shall have such boiler ready for inspection, in compliance with the requirements of said notice, and shall furnish such assistance as the inspector may require, under a penalty of fifty dollars for such failure or neglect, and a further penalty of fify dollars for each day any such boiler is used without a certificate of inspection.

Annual inspec

SEC. 577. It shall be the duty of each inspector, once at least in every year, to inspect all stationary steam boilers of three horsepower and tion. upwards, used within the limits of his district, subjecting them to a hydrostatic test of at least twenty-five per cent in excess of the steam pressure allowed, and satisfy himself, by a thorough external and internal examination, (if possible) with a hammer, that the boilers are free from danger from corrosion or other defects, are well made of good material, the openings for the passage of water and steam, respectively, and all pipes and tubes exposed to heat are of proper dimensions, and free from obstruction; that the flues and tubes, if any, are circular in form,

Quarterly inspection.

the furnaces in proper shape, and the fire line of the furnaces is at least two inches below the minimum water line of the boilers; and shall also satisfy himself that the safety valves are of suitable dimensions, sufficient in number and well arranged, and that the weights are properly adjusted so as to allow no greater pressure in the boiler than the amount prescribed in the certificate of inspection; that there is a sufficient number of gauge-cocks, a steam gauge, a coupling cock in suitable position for attaching the hydrostatic test, that means for blowing out are provided, so as to thoroughly remove the mud and sediment from all parts of the boilers when they are under the pressure of steam, and that fusible metals are properly inserted so as to fuse by the heat of the furnaces when the water in the boilers shall fall below the prescribed limits, and that adequate and certain provision is made for an ample supply of water at all times; when the inspection is completed and the inspector approves the boiler, he shall make and subscribe a certificate of inspection, stating the condition of the boiler, the number of years or months it has been in use, and the pressure of steam allowed; and no greater pressure than that allowed by the certificate shall be applied to such boiler. In limiting pressure, whenever the boiler under test will, with safety, bear the same, the limit desired by the owner shall be the one certified; and such certificate of inspection shall be framed under glass, and kept in some conspicuous place on the premises where said boiler referred to is used; and if the inspector shall deliver or cause to be delivered to the owner or renter of any boiler a certificate of inspection without having first subjected the said boiler to the tests as herein provided, he shall forfeit his bond, and upon conviction shall be removed from office by the governor.

SEC. 578. In addition to the annual inspection, it shall be the duty of the inspector to examine all boilers within the limits of their respective districts once at least in every three months, and if deemed necessary, apply the hydrostatic test; and if on such examination the inspector shall find evidence of deterioration in strength, he shall revoke the certificate and issue another, assigning a lower rate of pressure; and if the defect be of such character as to make the boiler dangerous, the inspector shall notify the owner or renter in writing, stating in the notice what is required, and order the use of the boiler discontinued until the necessary repairs are made; and if he considers it beyond repair, he shall condemn it; and if the owner or renter shall refuse or neglect to Compliance comply with the requirements of the inspector, and shall, contrary thereto, and while the same remains unreversed, use the boiler, he shall be liable to a penalty of not less than one hundred dollars for each day such boiler is used, and in addition thereto shall be liable for any damage to persons or property which shall occur from any defects, as stated in the notice of the inspector.

with orders.

Appeal from orders, etc.

Use without inspection, etc.

SEC. 579. Any owner or renter of a boiler, who shall consider himself aggrieved by the action of the inspector, under the provisions of the preceding section, may, within ten days after such inspection, notify the inspector of the fact, and demand a reexamination of the said boiler; the owner or renter shall select a practical engineer, who, with the inspector, shall select a third person, skilled in the manufacture and use of steam boilers, which said two persons, after taking an oath as reviewers, shall, together with the inspector, carefully examine the said boiler, and the decision of any two of these shall be final; should the decision of the inspector be sustained, the said owner or renter shall pay the expense of such review; but should it be reversed, the inspector shall restore the certificate, and the expense of the review shall be paid by the State; such reviewers shall receive five dollars for each day or part of a day they are engaged in making such review.

SEC. 580. Any person erecting or using a steam boiler without having the same inspected by the inspector of the district in which the said boiler is located, shall pay a fine of one hundred dollars, and fifty dollars for each day any such boiler is used without being inspected; and any person who shall alter or change a steam gauge or weight on a safety valve for the purpose of carrying a greater pressure of steam on a boiler than that allowed by the certificate of inspection, shall be liable to a fine of five hundred dollars; and any owner or renter of a steam boiler

who shall neglect or refuse to place his certificate of inspection on the premises, as prescribed in section 577 hereof, shall pay a fine of five dollars for each day's refusal or neglect.

SEC. 581. The inspector shall have power to examine the engineers Examination and assistants in charge of boilers, and if any engineer or assistant is of engineers. found incompetent or addicted to intemperance, the inspector shall notify the owner or renter, and withdraw the certificate of inspection until such engineer or assistant is displaced.

SEC. 583. It shall be the duty of each inspector to keep a correct record of the locations of all boilers in his district, when each boiler was inspected, the condition of the same at the time of inspection, the instructions given to the engineers in charge, the certificates issued, and the amount of steam pressure allowed in each certificate, and the boilers condemned or ordered to be repaired; also a correct account of all money received or paid out; and they shall report the same annually to the State comptroller.

Record.

insurance.

SEC. 586. Every steam boiler insurance company doing business in Inspection for this State shall have a resident inspector, whose duty it shall be to make inspections of steam boilers submitted for insurance to such steam boiler insurance company; and any owner or renter of a steam boiler who has the same insured in a steam boiler insurance company doing business in this State, in compliance with the laws thereof, and having a resident inspector and an established system of inspection, must immediately after the first annual inspection in each year by such resident inspector of such steam boiler insurance company, present to the State inspector of the district in which the said steam boilers are located, the certificate of inspection of the said company; and the said company shall be charged and chargeable with a fee of one dollar for each and every boiler so inspected and insured, which shall be paid to the State inspector with such certificate: Provided, That when there is more than one steam boiler belonging to the same owner or renter so insured, then the fee so chargeable to the insurance company shall be one dollar per boiler for the first five, and one dollar for each additional five or fraction thereof over and above the first five; and upon the acceptance of the provisions of this section by the owner or renter of said steam boiler, the said owner or renter shall be exempted from the requirements of this subdivision of this article.

ACTS OF 1894.

CHAPTER 202.-Factories and workshops-Ventilating apparatus-Carroll

County.

fans, etc., in mills for grinding

stone.

SECTION 1. Every person or corporation owning or controlling any Ventilating mill for grinding flint or any other kind of stone by the cylinder or dry process, in Carroll County, shall be required to furnish and equip said mill with the most improved fans, ventilators and other appliances for the removal from said mill, of the dust made therein by conducting said business, and to provide for the use of each person employed in said mill, the most approved apparatus for the protection of said person so employed, from inhaling said dust, and to keep in repair and renew said apparatus from time to time as may be necessary, free of cost to said person so employed; and any such person or corporation failing to comply with the requirements of this act shall be guilty of a misdemeanor, and upon indictment and conviction shall be subject to a fine of not less than five hundred dollars for each and every offense. SEC. 2. Every person employed in any such mill for grinding flint Duty of emor other stone, as specified in the preceding section, shall use and ployees. the apparatus provided for his protection as above specified, during the entire time he is at work in any part of said mill where there is any dust, and any such person so employed, who shall fail to comply with this requirement, shall be guilty of a misdemeanor, and upon indictment and conviction, shall be subject to a fine of not less than five dollars for each and every offense.

wear

Inspection.

Sanitation.

Construction of workrooms.

Sleeping

places.

ations.

SEC. 4. It shall be the duty of the constable of said county, at least twice in every year, to inspect all such mills which may be located within the districts for which the said constables are appointed, respectively, and to report to the next grand jury for said county any violations of any of the requirements of this act which they may discover or which may come to their knowledge.

MASSACHUSETTS.

REVISED LAWS OF 1902.

CHAPTER 75.-Regulation and inspection of bakeries.

SECTION 28. All buildings which are occupied as biscuit, bread or cake bakeries shall be properly drained and plumbed. They shall be provided with a proper wash room and water-closets, having ventilation apart from the bake room or rooms where food products are manufactured; and no water-closet, earth closet, privy or ash pit shall be within or communicate directly with the bake room of any bakery.

SEC. 29. Every room which is used for the manufacture of flour or meal food products shall, if required by the board of health, have an impermeable floor constructed of cement or of tiles laid in cement, and an additional floor of wood properly saturated with linseed oil. The walls and ceiling of such rooms shall be plastered or wainscoted, and, if required by the board of health, shall be whitewashed at least once in three months. The furniture and utensils therein shall be so arranged that they and the floor may at all times be kept clean and in good sanitary condition.

SEC. 30. The sleeping places for persons who are employed in a bakery shall be separate from the rooms in which flour or meal food products are manufactured or stored.

Time for alter- SEC. 32. The owner, agent or lessee of any property affected by the provisions of sections twenty-eight and twenty-nine shall, within sixty days after service of notice requiring any alterations to be made on such property, comply therewith. Such notice shall be in writing, and may be served upon such owner, agent or lessee personally or by mail directed to his last known address.

Penalties.

Added regulations.

Power

inspect.

of

SEC. 33. Whoever violates the provisions of the five preceding sections, or refuses to comply with any requirement of the board of health authorized therein, shall, for the first offense, be punished by a fine of not less than twenty nor more than fifty dollars; for the second offense, by a fine not less than fifty nor more than one hundred dollars or by imprisonment for not more than ten days; for the third offense, by a fine of not less than two hundred and fifty dollars or by imprisonment for not more than thirty days or by both such fine and imprisonment. SEC. 34 (as amended by chapter 403, Acts of 1902). The board of health of a city or town may make such further regulations as the public health may require, and shall cause such regulations, together with the six preceding sections, to be printed and posted in all such bakeries and places of business.

CHAPTER 104.-Factories and workshops-Inspection, etc.

SECTION 1. Every city, except Boston, and every town which accepts towns, etc., to the provisions of this section or has accepted the corresponding provisions of earlier laws may, for the prevention of fire and the preservation of life, by ordinances or by-laws not inconsistent with law and applicable throughout the whole or any defined part of its territory, regulate the inspection, materials, construction, alteration and use of buildings and other structures within its limits, except such as are owned or occupied by the United States or by the Commonwealth and except bridges, quays and wharves, and may prescribe penalties not exceeding one hundred dollars for each violation of such ordinances or by-laws.

Who spectors.

SEC. 14. The words "inspector of factories and public buildings," as used in this chapter, shall mean a member of the inspection department of the district police.

examined.

SEC. 15. The inspectors of factories and public buildings shall from Buildings to be time to time examine all buildings within their respective districts which are subject to the provisions of this chapter. If, in the judgment of any such inspector, such building conforms to the requirements of this chapter, he shall issue to the owner, lessee or occupant thereof, or of any portion thereof used in the manner described in section twentyfive, a certificate to that effect, specifying the number of persons for Certificate. whom the egress and means of escape from fire are sufficient. Such certificate shall not continue in force for more than five years after its date, but so long as it continues in force it shall be conclusive evidence of a compliance by the person to whom it is issued with the provisions of this chapter. It shall be void if a greater number of persons than is therein specified are * * employed * within such building or portion thereof, or if such building is used for any purposes Alterations, materially different from those for which it was used at the time of the change of granting thereof, or if its interior arrangement is materially altered, or if any egress or means of escape from fire in such building at the time of granting such certificate are rendered unavailable or materially changed. Such certificate may be revoked by such inspector at any time upon written notice to the holder thereof or to the occupant of the premises for which it was granted, and shall be so revoked if, in the opinion of such inspector, the conditions have so changed that the existing egresses and means of escape are not proper and sufficient. A copy of said certificate shall be kept posted in a conspicuous place upon each story of such building by the occupant of the premises covered thereby.

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etc.

tion.

use,

SEC. 16. Upon application to an inspector for a certificate under the Filing applica provisions of this chapter, he shall issue to the applicant an acknowledgment of such application, which for ninety days pending the granting or refusal of such certificate, shall have the same effect as such certificate, and such acknowledgment may be renewed by him with the same effect for a further period, not exceeding ninety days, and may be further renewed by the chief of the district police, until such time as such certificate shall be granted or refused.

Notice of

SEC. 17. If any change in the use or otherwise shall be made upon premises for which such certificate has been issued which would render changes. the certificate void according to the provisions of section fifteen, the person who makes such change shall forthwith give written notice thereof to an inspector for the district or to the chief of the district police.

ure to conform.

SEC. 18. If an inspector finds that any building or portion thereof, Notice of failwhich is subject to the provisions of this chapter fails to conform thereto, or if any change is made therein which would render a certificate void according to the provisions of section fifteen, he shall give notice in writing to the owner, lessee, occupant or agent in charge thereof, specifying such additional egresses or means of escape from fire as in his opinion may be necessary to conform to the provisions of this chapter and to obtain a certificate as aforesaid.

SEC. 19. Whoever is aggrieved by the order, requirement or direc- Appeals. tion of an inspector given under the provisions of this chapter may, within ten days after the service thereof, apply to the superior court for the county in which the building to which such order, requirement or direction relates is situated for an injunction to restrain its enforcement; and after such notice as said court shall order to all parties interested, a hearing may be had before said court at such early and convenient time and place as shall be fixed by said order; or the court may appoint three disinterested persons, skilled in the subject matter of the controversy, to examine the matter and hear the parties; and the decision of said court, or the decision, in writing and under cath, of the majority of said experts, filed in the office of the clerk of courts in said county within ten days after such hearing, may alter, annul or affirm such order, requirement or direction. Such decision or a certified copy thereof shall have the same authority, force and effect as the original order, requirement or direction of the inspector. If such decision annuls or alters such order, requirement or direction, the court shall also enjoin the said inspector from enforcing it, and in every such case the certificate required by section fifteen shall thereupon be issued by said court or by said experts.