REVISED STATUTES-1899. Certain employments of children forbidden-Employment of occupations. SECTION 2289. It shall be unlawful for any person having the care, Acrobatic, custody or control of any child under the age of fourteen years to mendicant, etc., exhibit, use or employ, or in any manner, or under any pretense, sell, apprentice, give away, let out or otherwise dispose of any such child to any person, in or for the vocation or occupation, service or purpose of singing, playing on musical instruments, dancing, rope or wire walking, begging or peddling, or as a gymnast, contortionist, rider or acrobat, in any place whatsoever; or as an actor or performer in any concert hall or room where intoxicating liquors are sold or given away, or in any variety theater, or for any illegal, obscene, indecent or immoral purpose, exhibition or practice whatsoever; or for or in any business exhibition or vocation, injurious to the health or dangerous to the life or limb of such child, or cause, procure or encourage such child to engage therein. Nothing in this section contained shall apply to or affect the employment or use of any child as a singer or musician in any church, school or academy, or at any respectable entertainment, or the teaching or learning the science or practice of music. It shall be unlawful for any person to take, receive, hire, employ, use, exhibit or have in custody any child, under the age, and for the purposes prohibited in this section. Employm en t SEC. 2295. Any person who shall take, receive, hire or employ, either in his or her own behalf, or as the agent, servant or employee of any in mines. person, persons, association of persons, copartnership, company, corporation, any boy or male child under the age of fourteen years, or any woman or girl of any age, or shall allow or permit the said persons to be in or about any coal, iron or other dangerous mine, or underground works or dangerous place whatsoever in this State, for the purpose of employment therein or thereabouts, shall be fined not less than twentyfive dollars, nor more than one hundred dollars to which may be added imprisonment in the county jail not more than six months: Provided, however, That the provisions of this section shall not affect or apply to the employment of a boy or female of suitable age in an office, or in the performance of clerical work at such mine, colliery or place. Earnings of married women. SECTION 2976. Any married woman may * * * perform any Earnings seplabor or services on her sole and separate account and the earnings of arate property. any married woman from her * labor or services, shall be her * * whole and separate property and may be used and intrusted by her in her own name, and she may sue and be sued as if sole in regard to her * labor, services and earnings, * * * * * ACTS OF 1901. CHAPTER 33.-Seats for female employees. Seats to be pro SECTION 1. Every person or corporation employing females in any manufacturing, mechanical or mercantile establishment in the State vided. of Wyoming shall provide suitable seats for females so employed, and shall permit the use of such seats by them when they are not necessarily engaged in the active duties for which they are employed. SEC. 2. Any person or corporation who shall violate the provisions Penalty. of this act shall, upon conviction thereof, be considered guilty of a misdemeanor and shall be punished by a fine of not less than ten dollars, nor more than thirty dollars for each and every offense. Age limit. UNITED STATES. ACTS OF 1890-91. CHAPTER 564.-Employment of children in mines. SECTION 12. No child under twelve years of age shall be employed in the underground workings of any mine. And no father or other person shall misrepresent the age of anybody so employed. Any per son guilty of violating the provisions of this section shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and upon conviction thereof shall be fined not to exceed one hundred dollars. [This section applies to coal mines in the Territories of the United States, unless superseded by act of Territorial legislature, certified by the governor of the Territory to the Secretary of the Interior.] LAWS RELATING TO FACTORY INSPECTION AND THE HEALTH AND SAFETY OF EMPLOYEES. The Bureau of Labor published in the year 1904 a compilation of labor laws of the United States, including all legislation up to the close of the year 1903. In the four years that have elapsed since then a number of States have revised or supplemented their laws on the subject of factory inspection and provision for the safety of employees, so that the agents and experts of the Bureau employed in the investigation relating to the employment of women and children, to whom the regulations governing the employment of labor in factories are of frequent importance, found the earlier compilation incomplete, and it is in part to meet the demands of this investigation that the present revision has been prepared. Besides this, there is a considerable general interest in the subject of safeguarding the employees in the manufacturing establishments of our country; while the activity of many of the countries of Europe in the direction of securing international agreements and regulations on this subject makes it desirable to collate for comparative purposes the laws of all industrial countries thereon. The same rule as to omitting superseded statutes that was followed in the compilation of the laws relating to the employment of women and children has been followed here. Available notes on court decisions are presented. Some laws or parts of laws that would otherwise be reproduced in this group of laws also have place in the foregoing compilation, since they relate only to minor and female employees in factories. It has not seemed necessary to duplicate such matter where it was clearly separable from general inspection laws. Each compilation is indexed separately. ALABAMA. ACTS OF 1907. ACT No. 278.-Inspection of cotton mills. SECTION 1. There is hereby created the office of inspector of jails Inspector. and almshouses and the inspector shall be a practicing physician in good standing, learned in the science of sanitation and hygiene and shall be appointed by the governor, and shall hold his office for a term of four years from the date of his appointment. SEC. 2. The salary of the inspector shall be twenty-four hundred Salary. dollars ($2,400) annually, and in addition to his salary, he shall be paid his necessary traveling expenses to be paid as the salaries of other State officers are paid. SEC. 10. It shall also be the duty of said inspector to visit at least four times each year, and oftener when ordered by the governor so to do, each and every cotton mill or factory in this State and to thoroughly inspect the same for the purpose of ascertaining their sanitary condition, the ages and condition of the children employed therein and all other matters concerning the operation and condition of said mills or factories as to which the laws of this State prescribe any rules or regulations, and to make reports to the governor of the result of each such inspection. It shall also be the duty of such inspector, when ordered so to do by the governor, to institute prosecutions against the owners and operators of such mills or factories for the violation of any of the rules or regulations prescribed by any law of this State relating to the conditions or operations of such mills or factories or the employment of children therein. CALIFORNIA. CODES AND STATUTES OF 1885. VOL. V.-SUPPLEMENT OF 1889. Factories, workshops, etc.-Inspection, etc. (Page 554. Act of February 6, 1889.) SECTION 1. Every factory, workshop, mercantile or other establishment, in which five or more persons are employed, shall be kept in a cleanly state and free from the effluvia arising from any drain, privy, or other nuisance, and shall be provided, within reasonable access, with a sufficient number of water-closets or privies for the use of the persons employed therein. Whenever the persons employed as aforesaid are of different sexes, a sufficient number of separate and distinct water-closets or privies shall be provided for the use of each sex, which shall be plainly so designated, and no person shall be allowed to use any water-closet or privy assigned to persons of the other sex. SEC. 2. Every factory or workshop in which five or more persons are employed shall be so ventilated while work is carried on therein that the air shall not become so exhausted as to be injurious to the health of the persons employed therein, and shall also be so ventilated as to render harmless, as far as practicable, all the gases, vapors, dust, or other impurities generated in the course of the manufacturing process or handicraft carried on therein, that may be injurious to health. SEC. 3. No basement, cellar, underground apartment, or other place which the commissioner of the bureau of labor statistics shall condemn as unhealthy and unsuitable, shall be used as a workshop, factory, or place of business in which any person or persons shall be employed. SEC. 4 (as amended by chapter 176, Acts of 1901). In any factory, workshop, or other establishment where a work or process is carried on by which dust, filaments, or injurious gases are generated or produced, that are liable to be inhaled by persons employed therein, the person, firm, or corporation by whose authority the said work or process is carried on shall cause to be provided and used in said factory, workshop, or establishment an exhaust fan or blower, and pipes and hoods extending therefrom to each wheel or other apparatus used to grind, polish, or buff metals. The said fan or blower, and the said pipes and hoods, all to be properly fitted and adjusted, and of power and dimensions sufficient to effectually prevent the dust and filaments produced by the above said metal-polishing, metal-grinding, or metal-buffing from escaping into the atmosphere of the room or rooms of said factory, workshop, or establishment where persons are employed. SEC. 5 (as amended by chapter 12, Acts of 1903). Every person, firm, or corporation employing females in any manufacturing, mechanical, or mercantile establishment shall provide suitable seats for the use of the females so employed, and shall provide such seats to the number of at least one-third the number of females so employed; and shall per mit the use of such seats by them when they are not necessarily engaged in the active duties for which they are employed. SEC. 6. Any person or corporation violating any of the provisions of Penalty. this act shall be punished by a fine of not less than fifty nor more than one hundred dollars for each offense. SEC. 7. It shall be the duty of the commissioner of the bureau of Enforcement. labor statistics to enforce the provisions of this act. COLORADO. ANNOTATED STATUTES OF 1891. Inspection of steam boilers. SECTION 4192. The governor of the State of Colorado shall, by and Inspector. with the advice and consent of the senate, on or before April 1, 1889, appoint an inspector of steam boilers. The person so appointed shall be well qualified, from practical experience in the use and construction of boilers, generators, super-heaters and their appurtenances, used for the generating of steam for power, steaming or heating purposes, and shall be neither directly nor indirectly interested in the manufacturing, ownership or agency of same. The duty of said inspector shall be to inspect steam boilers throughout the State, as hereinafter specified and directed. The inspector shall hold office for the term of two years from date of appointment, and until his successor shall be appointed and qualified, and before entering on the duties of his office he shall give a good and sufficient bond in the sum of five thousand (5,000) dollars for the faithful performance of his duties, to be approved by the attorney-general, and deposited with the secretary of state. Said inspector shall receive an annual salary of two thousand five hundred (2,500) dollars and mileage at ten cents per mile, payable as other State officers: Provided, He shall not receive mileage to exceed five hundred dollars in any one year. Said inspector may appoint deputy inspectors in each judicial district in the State, and who shall have the same powers as the inspector, who shall receive as compensation four dollars per day while actually employed, and shall be paid in the same manner as other State officers, and mileage at ten cents per mile. He may also employ a clerk at an annual salary not exceeding one thousand (1,000) dollars, to be paid monthly, as other State officers. Annual inspec Proviso. SEC. 4193. The inspector shall devote his time and attention to the duties of the office. He shall carefully inspect and test every station- tions. ary boiler and steam generating apparatus under pressure used for stationary power, as provided by this act, including all attachments and connections located within the State of Colorado, once annually, and shall give the owner of any such boiler five days' notice of the time when he will make such inspection: Provided, That any owner or user of any steam boiler in this State who may desire to insure such boiler in any reputable insurance company, and who shall desire to have an inspection made for the purpose of said insurance, may give to said State steam boiler inspector ten days' notice, in writing, of the time of such contemplated insurance inspection, and it shall thereupon be the duty of said State steam boiler inspector to cause the annual State inspection, [by] this act provided, to be made at the same time that said examination for insurance is made; he shall examine into and report to the governor the cause of any boiler explosion that may occur within the State; he shall keep in his office a complete and accurate record of the names of owners or users of steam boilers inspected, giving a full description of the same, the amount of pressure allowed, the date when last tested, and shall make an annual report to the governor. Boilers to be SEC. 4194. It shall be the duty of every owner or user of steam boiler or boilers, in use or to be used in any part of this State within thirty reported. days after the passage of this act, and once a year thereafter, at such convenient times and in such manner and form as may be determined by rules and regulations to be made therefor by the inspector, to report to said inspector the location of such steam boiler or boilers, and all apparatus and appliances connected therewith, and the strength and |