Penalty.

Hours of labor of minors.

Dressing rooms, etc. Penalty.

Limit of day's work.

Age limit.

Permits for

make all the changes and additions thereto. In case such changes are made upon the order of the commissioner of labor, or any factory inspector to the lessee of the premises, the lessee may at any time within thirty days after the completion thereof, bring an action against any person or corporation or partnerships having interest in such premises, and may recover such proportion of expenses of making such changes and additions as the court adjudges should justly and equitably be borne by such defendant.

SEC. 1636-35. Any owner, lessee or any person or corporation having charge of any of the aforesaid buildings or places, who shall violate any of the provisions of this act, shall be guilty of a misdemeanor, and upon conviction thereof, shall be punished by a fine of not less than ten (10) dollars and not exceeding one hundred (100) dollars.

Employment of women and children in cigar factories.

SECTION 1636-106. No person under eighteen years of age shall be employed or permitted to work in a cigar shop or a cigar factory at manufacturing cigars for longer than eight hours a day or forty-eight hours a week.

SEC. 1636-107. Where men and women are employed there shall be separate dressing rooms and water-closets for the different sexes.

SEC. 1636-108. Any person violating any provision of this act shall be punished by fine not exceeding twenty-five dollars and no less than ten dollars for the first offense, and by fine not exceeding fifty dollars, and no less than twenty-five dollars for the second and each following offense.

Employment of women and children.

SECTION 1728. In all manufactories, workshops or other places used for mechanical or manufacturing purposes the time of labor of children under the age of eighteen years and of women employed therein shall not exceed eight hours in one day; and any employer, stockholder, director, officer, overseer, clerk or foreman who shall compel any woman or any such child to labor exceeding eight hours in any one day, or who shall permit any child under fourteen years of age to labor more than ten hours in any one day in any such place, if he shall have control over such child sufficient to prevent it, or who shall employ at manual labor any child under twelve years of age in any factory or workshop where more than three persons are employed, or who shall employ any child of twelve and under fourteen years of age in any such factory or workshop for more than seven months in any one year shall be punished by fine not less than five nor more than fifty dollars for each such offense.

[See section 1728a, below.]

The mere employment of a child under the prescribed age, and his presence in a factory, do not constitute actionable negligence on the part of the employer. 93 Wis. 448.

Employment of children-Paid musicians.

SECTION 1728a-1 (as amended by chapter 418, Acts of 1907). No children under 14. child under fourteen years of age shall be employed, required, suffered or permitted to play on any musical instrument in a circus, theatrical exhibition or in any public place for pay except upon the special permission of the commissioner of labor, State factory inspector, any assistant factory inspector, county judge, municipal judge or from the judge of a juvenile court where the child resides, unless such child is a professional performer connected with a traveling theatrical company and in charge of a parent or guardian. But the provisions of this section shall not prevent the education of children in instrumental music, or their employment as musicians in a church, chapel, school or school exhibition or prevent their taking part in any festival, concert or musical exhibition.

Violations.

SEC. 1728a-2 (as amended by chapter 418, Acts of 1907). Any person, partnership or corporation, agent or manager of any corporation who, whether for himself or for such firm or corporation or by himself

or through agents, servants, or foremen, shall violate or fail to comply with any of the provisions of this act shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor and upon conviction thereof shall be fined not less than ten dollars nor more than one hundred dollars for each offense.

Employment of children-General provisions.

cates.

SECTION 1728a (as amended by chapter 523, Acts of 1907). 1. No Age certifichild between the ages of fourteen and sixteen years shall be employed at any time in any factory or workshop, bowling alley, or in or about any mine, store, hotel, mercantile establishment, laundry, telegraph, telephone or public messenger service unless there is first obtained from the commissioner of labor, State factory inspector, any assistant factory inspector, or from the judge of the county court or municipal court or from the judge of a juvenile court where such child resides, a written permit authorizing the employment of such child within such time or times as the said commissioner of labor, State factory inspector, any assistant factory inspector, county judge, municipal judge, judge of a juvenile court or register of probate may fix, providing that no officer herein mentioned shall have power to delegate the duty of granting permits to any subordinate officer or other person: And provided further That such permit shall not be granted to any child who is unable to read and write simple sentences in the English language or the language of his native country.

of children

2. No child under the age of sixteen years shall be employed in Employment adjusting any belt or in oiling or assisting in oiling, wiping or cleaning under 16. any machinery when the same is in motion or in operating or assisting in operating any circular or band saw, wood-shaper, wood-jointer, planer, sandpaper, or wood-polishing machine, picker machine or machines used in picking wool, cotton, hair or any upholstering material, paper-lacing machine, leather-burnishing machine, dough-brakes or cracker machinery of any description, laundry machinery, emery or polishing wheel for polishing metal or wood turning machine or stamping machine in sheet metal and tinware manufacturing, stamping machine in washer and nut factories, stamping machine in lace paper and leather manufacturing, corrugating rolls in roofing factories, burnishing machines in any tannery or leather manufactory, wire or iron straightening machinery, rolling mill machinery, punchers or shears or washing, grinding or mixing mill or calendar [calender] rolls in rubber manufacturing, nor shall any such child be employed at or assist in sewing belts in any capacity, or in the manufacture of paints, colors or white lead, or in the manufacture of any composition in which dangerous or poisonous acids are used, or in the manufacture of any goods for immoral purposes nor in any tobacco warehouse, cigar or other factory where tobacco is manufactured or prepared or in any place where intoxicating liquors are made, given away or sold, or in any theater or concert hall, or in operating any passenger or freight elevator, steam boiler or steam generating apparatus, or in any other employment dangerous to life or limb, injurious to the health or depravíng of the morals of such child; nor shall any female child under sixteen years of age be employed in any capacity where such employment compels her to remain standing constantly.

Under 14.

3. No child under the age of fourteen years shall be employed in any factory, workshop, bowling alley or in or about any mine. 4. No child under the age of fourteen years shall be employed, Vacations. required or suffered to work for wages at any gainful occupation at any time except that during the vacation of the public or other school in the town, district or city where any child between the ages of twelve and fourteen years resides, it may be employed in any store, office, hotel, mercantile establishment, telegraph, telephone or public messenger service in the town, district or city where it resides and not elsewhere: Provided That there is first obtained from the commissioner of labor, State factory inspector, any assistant factory inspector, county judge, municipal judge or from the judge of a juvenile court or register of probate where such child resides a written permit authorizing the employment of such child within such time or times as the

Records.

Proof.

Register.

Files.

Hours of labor

Night work.

said commissioner of labor, State factory inspector, assistant factory inspector, county judge, municipal judge, judge of a juvenile court or register of probate may fix; but no such child shall be prohibited by this act from being employed at farming or other outdoor occupation not dangerous to life or limb.

5. The said commissioner of labor, State factory inspector, any assistant factor [factory] inspector, county judge, municipal judge, judge of a juvenile court or register of probate shall keep a record, stating the name, date and place of birth and place of school attended by any such child, and the county judge, municipal judge or such judge of a juvenile court or register of probate shall report when so requested by the commissioner of labor or State factory inspector, the number of permits issued by him from time to time as herein before provided.

6. When the commissioner of labor, State factory inspector, any assistant factory inspector, county judge, municipal judge, judge of a juvenile court, or register of probate, has reason to doubt the age of any child who applies for such permit, the commissioner of labor, State factory inspector, any assistant factory inspector, county judge, municipal judge, judge of a juvenile court or register of probate shall demand proof of such child's age, by the production of a verified baptismal certificate or a duly attested birth certificate, or in case such certificates can not be secured, by the record of age stated in the first school of enrollment of such child, and if such proof does not exist or can not be secured then by the production of such other proof as may be satisfactory to said commissioner of labor, State factory inspector, any assistant factory inspector, county judge, municipal judge, judge of a juvenile court, or register of probate and no permit shall be issued unless proof of such child's age is filed with the said commissioner of labor, State factory inspector, county judge, municipal judge, judge of a juvenile court or register of probate. Whenever it appears that a permit has been obtained by a wrong or false statement as to any child's age, the commissioner, State factory inspector, any assistant factory inspector, county judge, municipal judge, judge of a juvenile court or register of probate of the county where such child resides shall revoke such permit.

SEC. 1728b (as amended by chapter 523, Acts of 1907). 1. It shall be the duty of every person, firm or corporation, agent or manager of any firm or corporation employing minors in any mine, factory or workshop, bowling alley, store, office, hotel, mercantile establishment, laundry, telegraph, telephone or public messenger service within this State to keep a register in the place where such minor is employed and subject at all times to the inspection of any factory inspector, or assistant factory inspector, in which register shall be recorded the name, age, date of birth and place of residence, of every child employed, permitted or suffered to work therein, under the age of sixteen years.

2. It shall be unlawful for any person, firm or corporation, agent or manager of any firm or corporation to hire or employ, permit or suffer to work in any mine, mercantile establishment, factory or workshop, bowling alley, store, office, hotel, laundry, telegraph, telephone or public messenger service, any child under sixteen years of age unless there is first provided and placed on file in such mine, mercantile establishment, factory or workshop, bowling alley, store, office, hotel, laundry, telegraph, telephone or public messenger, a permit granted by either the commissioners of labor, State factory inspector, any assistant factory inspector, county judge, municipal judge, judge of a juvenile court or register of probate of the county where such child resides.

SEC. 1728c (as amended by chapter 523, Acts of 1907). No child under the age of sixteen years shall be employed, required, permitted or suffered to work for wages at any gainful occupation longer than fifty-five hours in any one week nor more than ten hours in any one day, nor more than six days in one week, nor after the hour of six at night nor before the hour of seven in the morning, except in cases where it is necessary to save perishable goods from serious damage: Provided, That this section shall not apply to children carrying newspapers between the hours of four and six in the morning and four and eight in the afternoon and who comply with all the legal requirements concerning school attendance: And provided further That this section

shall not apply to children between the ages of fourteen and sixteen working in any store, between the hours of seven in the morning and nine in the afternoon, but no such child shall be employed in any store for a longer period than ten hours in any one day, nor more than six days in any one week, or a total of fifty-five hours during each week. SEC. 1728d (as amended by chapter 523, Acts of 1907). It shall be the duty of the commissioner of labor, the factory or assistant factory inspectors to enforce the provisions of this act, and to prosecute violations of the same before any court of competent jurisdiction in this State. It shall be the duty of the said commissioners of labor, or the factory or assistant factory inspectors, and they are hereby authorized and empowered to visit and inspect, at all reasonable times, and as often as possible, all places covered by this act.

Enforcement.

SEC. 1728e (as amended by chapter 523, Acts of 1907). The commis- Certificates sioner of labor, the factory or assistant factory inspectors, may refuse to refused, when. grant permits in the case of children who may seem physically unable

to perform the labor at which they may be employed.

Elevators.

SEC. 1728f (as amended by chapter 523, Acts of 1907). No person, firm or corporation shall employ or permit any child under sixteen years of age to have the care, custody, management or operation of any elevator. SEC. 1728g (as amended by chapter 523, Acts of 1907). The words Definitions. "manufacturing establishment," 'factory" or "workshop," as used in this act, shall be construed to mean any place where goods or products are manufactured or repaired, dyed, cleaned or assorted, stored or packed, in whole or in part, for sale or for wages, and not for the personal use of the maker for his or her family or employer.

SEC. 1728h (as amended by chapter 523, Acts of 1907). Any person, Violations. firm or corporation, agent or manager of any corporation who, whether for himself or for such firm or corporation or by himself or through agents, servants, or foreman, shall violate or fail to comply with any of the provisions of this act, or shall hinder or delay the commissioner of labor, the factory or assistant factory inspectors, or any or either of them in the performance of their duty, or refuse to admit or shut or lock them out from any place required to be inspected by this act, shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and upon conviction thereof shall be fined not less than twenty-five dollars nor more than one hundred dollars for each offense, or by imprisonment in the county jail not longer than thirty days.

2. Any corporation which, by its agents, officers or servants, shall Corporations. violate or fail to comply with any of the above provisions of this act shall be liable to the above penalties, which may be recovered against such corporations in action for debt or assumpsit brought before any court of competent jurisdiction.

SEC. 1728i (as amended by chapter 523, Acts of 1907). Any parent Parents. or guardian, who suffers or permits a child to be employed, or suffered or permitted to work, in violation of this act, shall be guilty of a misdemeanor, and upon conviction thereof shall be fined not less than five nor more than twenty-five dollars, or by imprisonment in the county jail not longer than thirty days.

In case

SEC. 1728] (as amended by chapter 523, Acts of 1907). When in any proceeding in any court under this section there is any doubt as to the age of any child, a verified baptismal certificate or a duly attested birth certificate shall be produced and filed with the court. such certificates can not be secured, upon proof of such fact, the record of age stated in the first school enrollment of such child shall be admissible as evidence thereof.

Female messengers.

SECTION 1728k. No female under eighteen years of age shall be employed as a messenger by any telegraph or telephone company, firm or corporation or by any company, firm, corporation or individual engaged in similar business.

Whoever violates the provisions of this act shall be punished by a fine of not less than twenty-five dollars nor more than two hundred dollars or by imprisonment for not more than six months.

Evidence.

Girls under 18.

Penalty.

Seats for female employees.

Seats to be SECTION 17281. Every person or corporation employing females in any provided. manufacturing, mechanical or mercantile establishment in the State of Wisconsin shall provide suitable seats for the females so employed, and shall permit the use of such seats by them when they are not necessarily engaged in the active duties for which they are employed. Any person or corporation who shall violate the provisions of this act shall, upon conviction thereof, be considered guilty of a misdemeanor and shall be punished by a fine of not less than ten dollars, nor more than thirty dollars for each and every offense.

Penalty.

Acrobatic occupations.

Penalty.

Earnings separate property.

Earnings be

when.

Certain employments of children forbidden.

SECTION 17280. No license shall be granted for a theatrical exhibition or public show in which children under fifteen years of age are employed as acrobats, contortionists or in any feats of gymnastics or equestrianism, when in the opinion of the board of officers authorized to grant licenses such children are employed in such manner as to corrupt their morals or impair their physical health.

Any person who shall violate any of the provisions of this act shall, upon conviction, be fined in a sum not exceeding one hundred dollars.

Earnings of married women.

SECTION 2343. The individual earnings of every married woman, except those accruing from labor performed for her husband, or in his employ or payable by him, shall be her separate property and shall not be subject to her husband's control or liable for his debts.

A married woman may contract with a firm of which her husband is a member to run a boarding house for a share of the profits though she has no separate estate. 68 Wis. 572.

Earnings of minors.

SECTION 2344a. During any time when, by reason of abandonment, long to minor, drunkenness or profligacy, a parent of a minor shall neglect or refuse to provide for his support, or for his support and education, the earnings of such minor shall be his sole property as against such parent or any creditor of such parent.

Obscene and

ployments.

Certain employments of children forbidden.

SECTION 4587a. Any person having the care, custody or control of immoralem- ́any child under the age of fourteen years who shall exhibit, use or employ, or in any manner or under any pretense sell, apprentice, give away, let out or otherwise dispose of such child to any person for any obscene, indecent or immoral purpose, exhibition or practice, or for any business, exhibition or vocation injurious to the health or dangerous to the life or limb of such child, or who shall cause, procure or encourage any such child to engage therein, and any person who shall take, receive, hire, employ, use, exhibit or have in custody any such child for any such purpose shall be punished by imprisonment in the county jail not exceeding six months or by a fine of not more than one hundred dollars, or by both imprisonment and fine.

Employment prohibited.

WYOMING.
CONSTITUTION.

ARTICLE 9.-Employment of women and children in mines.

SECTION 3. No boy under the age of fourteen years and no woman or girl of any age shall be employed or permitted to be in or about any coal, iron or other dangerous mines for the purpose of employment therein: Provided, however, This provision shall not affect the employment of a boy or female of suitable age in an office or in the performance of clerical work at such mine or colliery.