therefor within this State, unless the person or corporation employing him procures and keeps on file and accessible to the truant officers of the town or city, the State commissioner of labor and his deputies, and the members of the State board of inspection, an employment certificate as hereinafter prescribed, and keeps two complete lists of all such children employed therein, one on file and one conspicuously posted near the principal entrance of the building in which such children are employed. Upon the termination of the employment of a child so registered, and whose certificate is so filed, such certificate shall be forthwith transmitted by the employer to the city or county superintendent of schools of the county in which the child resides, and shall be turned over to the child named therein upon demand. Any truant officer, Enforcement. the State commissioner of labor, or his deputies, or any member of the States board of inspection may make demand on any employer in whose place of business a child apparently under the age of sixteen years, is employed or permitted or suffered to work, and whose employment certificate is not then filed as required by this section, that such employer shall either furnish him within ten days, evidence satisfactory to him that such child is in fact over sixteen years of age, or shall cease to employ or permit or suffer such child to work in such place of business. The same evidence of the age of such child may be required from such employer as is required on the issuance of an employment certificate as hereinafter provided; and the employer furnishing such evidence shall not be required to furnish any further evidence of the age of the child. In case such employer shall fail to produce and deliver to the truant officer, the State commissioner of labor, or deputy State commissioner of labor, or member of the State board of inspection, within ten days after demand for the same, such evidence of the age of any child as may be required of him under the provisions of this act, and shall thereafter continue to employ such child or permit or suffer such child to work in such place of business, proof of the giving of such notice and of such failure to produce and file such evidence shall be prima facie evidence, in any prosecution brought for a violation of this section, that such child is under sixteen years of age and is unlawfully employed.

SEC. 3. An employment certificate shall be approved only by the By whom superintendent of schools of the school corporation in which the child approved. resides, or by a person authorized by him in writing, or where there is no superintendent of schools, by a person authorized by the school district officers: Provided, That no school district officer or other person authorized as aforesaid shall have authority to approve such certificate for any child then in, or about to enter, his own employment, or the employment of a firm or corporation of which he is a member, officer or employee, or in whose business he is interested. The officer or person approving such certificate shall have authority to administer the oath provided for therein or in any investigation or examination necessary for the approval thereof. No fee shall be charged for approving any such certificate nor for administering any oath or rendering any services therein in respect thereto. The board of directors of each school corporation shall establish and maintain proper records where copies of all such certificates and all documents connected therewith shall be filed and preserved and shall provide the necessary clerical service for carrying out the provisions of this act.

SEC. 4. The person authorized to issue an employment certificate shall not issue such certificate until he has received, examined, approved, and filed the following papers, duly executed: (1) The school record of such child, properly filled out and signed as provided in this act, showing that the child has completed the work of the eighth grade of the public schools, or its equivalent, or is regularly attending night school in compliance with section eight (8) of this act. (2) A passport, or duly attested transcript of the certificate of birth or baptism, or other religious or official record, showing the date and place of birth of such child. A duly attested transcript of the birth certificate filed according to law with a registrar of vital statistics, or other officer charged with the duty of recording births, shall be conclusive evidence of the age of such child. (3) The affidavit of the parent, or guardian, or custodian of a child, which shall be required,

Issue of certificates.

however, only in case none of the documents mentioned in clause two (2) of this section can be produced and filed, showing the place and date of birth of such child; which affidavit must be taken before the officer issuing the employment certificate. Such employment certificate shall not be issued until such child has personally appeared before, and been examined by, the officer issuing the certificate and until such officer shall, after making such examination, sign and file in his office a statement that the child can read and legibly write simple sentences in the English language, and that, in his opinion, the child is fourteen years of age, or upwards, and has reached the normal development of a child of its age, and is in sound health and is physically able to perPhysical fit-form the work which it intends to do. In doubtful cases such physical fitness shall be determined by a medical officer of the board or department of health, or by a physician provided by the State board of inspection. Whenever the person authorized to issue the employment certificate is in doubt about the age of a child, he may require the party or parties making application for the certificate to appear before the judge of the juvenile court, or county judge, where the question of the age of the child shall be determined and the judgment of the court shall be final and binding upon the person issuing the certificate. Notice of the hearing before the court shall be given to some one of the persons mentioned in section_two authorized to demand inspection of employment certificates. Every employment certificate shall be signed in the presence of the officer issuing the same by the child in whose name it is issued.

ness.

Contents of certificates.

School record.

Lists to be forwarded.

Evening

schools.

Forms.

SEC. 5. Such certificate shall state the date and place of birth of such child and describe the color of the hair and eyes, the height and weight and any distinguishing facial marks of such child and that the papers required by the preceding section have been duly examined, approved and filed and that the child named in such certificate has appeared before the officer signing the certificate and been examined.

SEC. 6. The school record required by section four shall be signed by the teacher and principal of the school which such child has attended and shall be furnished, on demand to a child entitled thereto. It shall contain a statement certifying that the child has regularly attended the public schools, or schools equivalent thereto, or parochial schools for not less than three-fourths of the school year previous to his arriving at the age of fourteen years, or during the year previous to applying for such school record and is able to read and write simple sentences in the English language. It shall also state the amount of work completed by such child, measured by the grade of the public day schools in the city or county. Such school record shall also give the age and residence of the child as shown on the records of the school and the name of its parent, or guardian, or custodian.

SEC. 7. The superintendent of schools or the school directors of any village, town, or county, shall transmit between the first and tenth day of each month to the office of the State commissioner of labor a list of the names of the children to whom certificates have been issued.

SEC. 8. Regular attendance of a child at any public evening school, maintained in any city or village where instruction is given not less than twenty weeks each year and three evenings each week and two hours each evening, shall authorize the issuance of a certificate of employment where the schooling certificate fails to show that the child has completed the work of the eighth grade, required by section six: Provided, The schooling certificate and all other certificates are otherwise in due form and the applicant further produces a certificate from the superintendent, or principal, of such public evening school, showing the regular attendance of such child at such evening school: And provided further, Every child employed under such certificate shall furnish to his employer a weekly certificate showing regular attendance each week while the evening school is in session. Whoever employs a child in violation of the provisions of this section shall be fined not more than fifty dollars ($50.00) for each offense. A parent, guardian or custodian who permits a child under his control to be employed in violation of the provisions of this section shall be fined not more than twenty dollars ($20.00).

SEC. 9. The age and schooling certificate provided for herein shall be made out upon blank forms furnished by the State commissioner of labor and shall be in the following forms:

SCHOOL ATTENDANCE CERTIFICATE.

(Name of school), (city or town), NEBRASKA, (date) This certifies that (name of child) has completed the work of the -th grade, and can read and write legibly simple sentences in the English language.

This also certifies that according to the records of this school and in my belief the said (name of child) was born at (city or town), in on the (date), and is now

county, State of
years
months old, and has attended said school within the past

and
twelve months the following period

This certifies that I am the (father, mother, guardian, or custodian, of (name of child) and that

of

was born at

in

and is now

years and

-county, State
months old.

on the (Signature of father, mother, guardian, or custodian). (Name of city or town), NEBRASKA, (date). There personally appeared before me, the above-named (name of person signing), and being sworn testified that the foregoing certificate by (him or her) signed is true to the best of (his or her) knowledge or belief. I hereby approve the foregoing certificate of (name of child), height -feet- inches, weight- pounds - ounces, complexion (fair or dark), hair (color), eyes (color), having no sufficient reason to doubt that (he or she) is of the age herein certified.

I hereby certify that (he or she) (can or can not) read at sight and write legibly simple sentences in the English language; that said child has appeared before me and been personally examined by me; that all certificates and papers required by law have, in due form, been presented to, and approved by, me and the same have been placed on file.

(In case the child is attending school insert here the following:)

I further certify that (he or she) is regularly attending the (name of school).

This certificate shall continue in force only so long as the regular attendance of said child at said school is certified weekly by a teacher thereof.

This certificate belongs to (name of child) and is to be surrendered to the superintendent of schools whenever (he or she) leaves the service of the person, firm, or corporation holding the same as employer. (Signature and official title of person authorized to approve and sign).

EVENING SCHOOL ATTENDANCE CERTIFICATE.

This certifies that (name of child) is registered in and regularly attends the evening school. This also certifies that according to the records of my school and in my belief (name of child) was born at (name of city or town), on the day of 1-, and is now (Name of parent or guardian).

-old.

(Signature of teacher).
(Signature of principal).

Duplicate copies of such certificates shall be retained in all cases by the person or officer issuing the same and kept on file by the superintendent of schools or school district directors of the county in which the same are issued.

SEC. 10. No person under the age of sixteen years shall be employed Hours of labor. or suffered or permitted to work in any theater, concert hall, or place

27295-No. 73-08-7

Night work.

Violations.

of amusement, or in any mercantile institution, store, office, hotel, laundry, manufacturing establishment, packing house, bowling alley, passenger or freight elevator, factory, workshop, beet field, or as a messenger or driver therefor, more than forty-eight hours in any one week, nor more than eight hours in any one day, nor before the hour of six o'clock in the morning, nor after the hour of eight o'clock in the evening. Every employer shall post in a conspicuous place in every room where such children are employed a printed notice stating the hours required of them each day of the week, the hours of commencing and stopping work, and the hours when the time or times allowed for dinner or for other meals begin and end. The printed form of such notice shall be furnished by the State commissioner of labor.

SEC. 11. Whoever employs a child under sixteen years of age and whoever, having under his control a child under such age, permits such child to be employed in violation of section one (1), two (2), ten (10) or twelve (12) of this act shall for each offense be fined not more than fifty dollars ($50.00); and whoever continues to employ any child in violation of either of said sections of this act, after being notified by a truant officer, or a deputy commissioner of labor, or a member of the State board of inspection, shall for every day thereafter that such employment continues be fined not less than five dollars ($5.00) nor more than twenty dollars ($20.00). The failure of an employer of child labor to produce, upon the request of a person authorized to demand the same, any employment certificate or list required by this act, shall be prima facie evidence of the illegal employment of any child whose employment certificate is not produced or whose name is not listed. Any corporation or employer retaining employment certificates in violation of section 2 of this act shall be fined ten dollars ($10.00). Every person authorized or required to sign any certificate or statement prescribed by sections four (4) or five (5) of this act, or who knowingly certifies or makes oath to any material false statement therein or who violates either of said sections, shall be fined not to exceed fifty dollars ($50.00). Every person, firm or corporation, agent or manager, superintendent or foreman of any person, firm or corporation who shall refuse admittance to any officer or person authorized to visit or inspect any premises or place of business under the provisions of this act and to produce all certificates and lists he may have, when demanded, after such person shall have announced his name and the office he holds and the purpose of his visit, or shall otherwise obstruct such officers in the performance of their duties as prescribed by this act, shall be guilty of a misdemeanor and upon conviction, shall be fined in any sum not exceeding fifty dollars ($50.00), or be imprisoned not to exceed thirty days. The presence of a child under sixteen years of age, apparently at work, in any of the places of business enumerated in section one (1) of this act shall be prima facie Enforcement. evidence of his employment therein. It shall be the duty of the deputy commissioner of labor and the several truant officers to enforce the provisions of this act and every county attorney, when informed by any officer or person authorized to inspect places where child labor is employed, that any of the provisions of this act have been violated, shall file or cause to be filed information against the person or persons guilty of such offense and cause the arrest and prosecution of the same: Provided, That nothing in this act shall prevent any other person from causing the enforcement of the provisions of this act. Truant officers shall visit the places of business enumerated in section one (1) of this act to ascertain whether any children are employed therein contrary to the provisions of this act, and they shall report any cases of such illegal employment to the commissioner of labor and to the county attorney.

Board of inspectors.

SEC. 12. It is hereby made the duty of the governor, immediately upon the passage of this act, to appoint five persons, two, at least, of whom shall be women who shall constitute the board of inspectors and who shall serve without compensation. The term for which such inspectors shall serve is hereby made one, two, three, four and five years, respectively. The appointment shall designate the term for which each inspector is appointed. The governor shall, each year, appoint one person to serve for a period of five years and shall also fill any vacancy

on the board. The chairman shall be the executive head of the board and shall reside in the county employing the largest number of children under the age of sixteen years. Any member of the board of inspectors shall have power to demand the examination, by some regularly licensed physician, to be selected by the board, of any child under sixteen years of age who may seem physically unable to perform the labor at which such child may be employed, and no child under sixteen shall be employed who can not obtain a certificate of fitness from such physician.

ments.

SEC. 13. No child under the age of sixteen years shall be employed Dangerous, in any work which by reason of the nature of the work, or place of per- etc., employformance, is dangerous to life or limb or in which its health may be injured or its morals may be depraved. Any parent, guardian, or other person, who, having under his control any child, causes or permits said child to work or be employed in violation of this section shall be guilty of a misdemeanor and upon conviction shall be fined not more than fifty dollars ($50.00), or be imprisoned not exceeding ten days.

NEVADA.

COMPILED LAWS-1899.

Earnings of married women.

SECTION 522. The earnings of the wife are not liable for the debts of Earnings septhe husband.

NEW HAMPSHIRE.

PUBLIC STATUTES OF 1891.

CHAPTER 92.-Employment of children during school term.

arate property.

Enforcement

SECTION 18 (as amended by chapter 70, Acts of 1899). Truant officers shall, if required by the school board, enforce the laws prohibiting the of laws. employment of children in manufacturing, mechanical, or mercantile establishments who have not attended school the prescribed time; and for this purpose, they may, when so authorized and required by vote of the school board, visit the manufacturing, mechanical, and mercantile establishments in their respective cities and towns, and ascertain whether any children under the age of sixteen are employed therein contrary to the provisions of law, and they shall report any cases of such illegal employment to the school board; and the truant officers, when authorized as aforesaid, may demand the names of all children under sixteen years of age employed in such manufacturing, mechanical, and mercantile establishments, and may require that the certificates and lists of such children provided for by law shall be produced for their inspection. Truant officers shall inquire into the employment, otherwise than in such manufacturing, mechanical, and mercantile establishments, of children under the age of sixteen years, during the hours when the public schools are in session, and may require that the certificates of all children under sixteen shall be produced for their in- Certificates. spection; and any such officer may bring a prosecution against a person or corporation employing any such child, otherwise than as aforesaid, during the hours when the public schools are in session, contrary to the provisions of law. A refusal or failure on the part of an employer of children under sixteen years of age to produce the certificate required by law, when requested by a truant officer, shall be prima facie evidence of the illegal employment of the child whose certificate is not produced. Truant officers shall have authority without a warrant to take and place in school any children found employed contrary to the laws relating to the employment of children, or violating the laws relating to the compulsory attendance at school of children between the ages of six and sixteen years.

CHAPTER 93.-Employment of children.

SECTION 10 (as amended by chapter 61, Acts of 1901). No child Age limit. under the age of twelve years shall be employed in any manufacturing establishment. No child under the age of fourteen years shall be