Exception.

Permits.

By whom issued.

Evidence.

Certificate.

taurant, hotel, apartment house, store, telephone or telegraph office, or other establishment or business shall, after the first day of September, in the year 1906, employ for wages or hire, or retain in employment in any such mill, factory, workshop, office, restaurant, hotel, apartment house, store, telephone or telegraph office, or other establishment or business, any person or persons under twelve (12) years of age, except in the counties, from June 1st to October 15th, in every year.

SEC. 5 (added by chapter 192, Acts of 1906). No child between the age of twelve (12) and sixteen (16) shall be employed, permitted or suffered to work in any offices, establishment or business mentioned in the preceding section unless the person or corporation employing him or her produces and keeps on file and accessible to the inspectors authorized by this act and the attendance officer of the public schools, an employment permit, and keep a complete list of all such children employed therein on file, and in the case of children employed in factories, workshops, mills or messenger service, a duplicate of said list shall be conspicuously posted near the principal entrance of the building in which such children are employed.

SEC. 6 (added by chapter 192, Acts of 1906). The employment permit for all employments in Baltimore City under the provisions of this act shall be issued by the Maryland Bureau of Statistics and Information, and for employment in other cities or in the counties of this State, by any member of the board of health or principal health officer of the city or county in which the employment is sought.

SEC. 7 (added by chapter 192, Acts of 1906). The employment permit shall not be issued unless satisfactory evidence is furnished by duly attested transcript of the certificate of birth or baptism of such child, or other religious records, or the register of birth, or the affidavit of the parent or guardian or custodian of the child, which latter affidavit shall be required, however, only in case it is certified by the proper authorities that the birth certificate showing the place and date of birth of such child is not on record, which affidavit must be taken before the officer issuing the employment permit, who is hereby authorized and required to administer such oath and who shall not demand or receive a fee therefor. SEC. 8 (added by chapter 192, Acts of 1906). The employment permit shall read as follows:

EMPLOYMENT PERMIT.

The birth certificate giving the name, date and place of

(name of child) is attached hereto. (If there be no birth certificate, then a certificate to that effect, i. e., that there is none from the proper authorities of the city or county where said child was born, shall be attached.) This certifies that I am the father, mother, guardian or custodian of child) and that (he or she) was born at city) in the county of

day of

(name of (name of town or (name of county) and State of in year and is now Signature of (father,

(number of years and months) old.

-, on the

mother, guardian or

custodian.)

There personally appeared before me the above-named (name of father, mother, guardian or custodian of) and made oath that the aforegoing certificate by (him or her) signed, is true to the best of (his or her) knowledge and belief.

I hereby approve the foregoing certificate of (name of child), height (feet and inches), eyes (color), complexion (fair or dark), hair (color); having no sufficient reason to doubt that (he or she) is of the age therein certified I hereby certify that (he or she) can read at sight and write legibly simple sentences in the English language, and that (he or she) has reached the normal development of a child of (his or her) age, and is in sound health and is

physically able to perform the work which (he or she) intends to do.

This certificate belongs to (name of child in whose behalf it is drawn) and is to be surrendered to (him or her) whenever (he or she) leaves the service of the corporation or employer holding the same; but if not claimed by said child within thirty days from such time it shall be returned to the Maryland Bureau of Statistics and Information (if the employment be in Baltimore City) or the board of health or principal health officer of (if the employment be in any of the counties or other cities outside of Baltimore City).

Signature of (person authorized to prove and sign with official character or authority.)

Date

A duplicate of each employment permit shall be filled out and kept on file by the Maryland Bureau of Statistics and Information or board of health or principal health officer of the county or city outside of Baltimore City, as the case may be.

SEC. 9 (added by chapter 192, Acts of 1906). Whoever employs Penalty. a child in violation of the provisions of this act, and whoever having under his or her control a child, permits such child to be employed in violation of the provisions of this act, shall for such offense be fined not less than five (5) nor more than fifty ($50) dollars, and whoever continues to employ any child in violation of the provisions of this act, after being notified by an inspector authorized by this act or an attendance officer of the public schools, shall for every day thereafter that such employment continues be fined not less than five (5) nor more than twenty ($20) dollars. A failure to produce to an inspector authorized by this act or an attendance officer of the public schools any employment permit or list required by this act shall be prima facie evidence of illegal employment of any person whose employment permit is not produced, or whose name is not so listed. Any corporation or employer retaining any employment permit in violation of the provisions of this act shall be fined ten ($10) dollars. Every person authorized to sign the employment permit prescribed in this act who knowingly certifies to any materially false statement therein shall be fined not more than fifty ($50) dollars. The chief of the Maryland Bureau of Statistics and Information or any member of the board of health or principal health officer of any county or city outside of Baltimore City is hereby authorized to sign the employment permit mentioned herein and to administer the necessary oath without cost to the applicant.

SEC. 10 (added by chapter 192, Acts of 1906). The inspectors Enforcement. authorized by this act and the attendance officers of the public schools may visit any officer, establishment or place of business contemplated by this act throughout the State of Maryland and city of Baltimore and ascertain whether any minors are employed therein contrary to the provisions of this act, and they shall report any cases of such illegal employment or other violations of this act to the justice of the peace having criminal jurisdiction in the locality where such illegal employment or other violations of this act occur, and which justices of the peace shall have full authority to try and determine all cases arising under this act. Inspectors authorized by this act, and the attendance officers of the public schools may require that the employment permits and lists provided for in this act of minors employed in any such office, establishment or business, shall be produced for their inspection. They shall also be authorized to require a birth certificate or other record evidence of the date of birth of any child, which they have reason to believe is being employed contrary to the provisions of this act, to be produced by either parents, guardian or custodian of said child, and in the absence of such record evidence of the date of birth of such child, they may require an affidavit from either parent, guardian or custodian of such child as to its age, name, place and date of birth.

SEC. 12 (added by chapter 192, Acts of 1906). This act shall Farm labor. not include farm labor.

CODE OF PUBLIC LOCAL LAWS, 1888.

ARTICLE 1.—Employment of women and children in mines.

SECTION 209n (added by chapter 124, Acts of 1902). Subsec. H. No person under the age of twelve years, or female of any age, shall be permitted to enter any mine to work therein; nor shall any boy under the age of fourteen years, unless he can read and write, be allowed to work in any mine. And the mine boss shall see that this requirement is fully met.

ARTICLE 4.-Seats for female employees—Baltimore.

SECTION 505 (as amended by chapter 589, Acts of 1900). Every employer of females and mercantile or manufacturing establishment in the city of Baltimore must provide and maintain suitable seats for the use of such employees. A person is deemed not to maintain suitable seats for the use of female employees unless he permits the use thereof by such employees to such extent as may be reasonable for the preservation of health and proper rest, and the question of what is thus reasonable is one for determination by the jury or the court acting as a jury in any prosecution hereunder.

SEC. 506 (Revision of 1898: Chapter 123, Acts of 1898). Any violation of the preceding section by any employer shall be deemed a misdemeanor, and shall be punishable by a fine of one hundred and fifty dollars, to be collected as other fines are collected.

MASSACHUSETTS.

REVISED LAWS OF 1902.

CHAPTER 44.-Employment of children unlawfully absent from

school.

SECTION 1 (as amended by chapter 320, Acts of 1905, and chapter 383, Acts of 1906). Every child between seven and fourteen years of age, and every child under sixteen years of age who can not read at sight and write legibly simple sentences in the English language, shall attend some public day school in the city or town in which he resides during the entire time the public day schools are in session, subject to such exceptions as to children, places of attendance and schools as are provided for in section three of chapter forty-two and sections three, five and six of this chapter [relating to towns having no high school, to attendance and place of residence, and to exclusion on account of contagious diseases]. The superintendent of schools or, if there is no superintendent of schools, the school committee, or teachers acting under authority of said superintendent or committee, may excuse cases of necessary absence. The attendance of a child upon a public day school shall not be required if he has attended for a like period of time a private day school approved by the school committee of such city or town in accordance with the provisions of the following section, or if he has been otherwise instructed for a like period of time in the branches of learning required by law to be taught in the public schools, or if he has already acquired such branches of learning, or if his physical or mental conditon is such as to render such attendance inexpedient or impracticable. Every person having under his control a child as described in this section shall cause him to attend school as herein required; and if he fails for five day sessions or ten half-day sessions within any period of six months while under such control to cause such child, whose physical or mental conditon is not such as to render his attendance at school harmful or impracticable, so to attend school, he shall, upon complaint by a truant officer and conviction thereof, be punished by a fine of not more than twenty dollars: Provided, however, That no physical or mental condition which is capable

of correction, or which renders the child a fit subject for special instruction at public charge in institutions other than the public day schools, shall avail as a defense under the provisions of this section unless it shall be made to appear that the defendant has employed all reasonable measures for the correction of the condition, or the suitable instruction of the child. Whoever induces or attempts to induce a child to absent himself unlawfully from school, or employs or harbors a child who, while school is in session, is absent unlawfully from school shall be punished by a fine of not more than fifty dollars.

CHAPTER 65.—Employment of children in street trades.

SECTION 17 (as amended by chapter 151, Acts of 1906). The mayor and aldermen or selectmen may make regulations relative etc. to the exercise of the trade of bootblacking by minors and to the sale by minors of any goods, wares or merchandise the sale of which is permitted by section fifteen, and may prohibit such sales or such trade, or may require a minor to obtain from them a license therefor to be issued on terms and conditions prescribed in such regulations: Provided, That in the case of persons under the age of fourteen years in the cities of the Commonwealth the foregoing powers shall be vested in and exercised by the school committees of said cities. A minor who sells such articles or exercises such trade without a license if one is required or who violates the conditions of his license or any of the provisions of said regulations shall be punished by a fine of not more than ten dollars for each offense.

CHAPTER 100.-Employment of minors in barrooms, etc.

Bootblacks,

Employment

SECTION 60. Whoever, being the holder of a license for the sale of intoxicating liquors to be drunk on the premises, employs any in saloons. person under the age of eighteen years to serve such liquors to be drunk on the premises shall be punished by a fine of not more than one hundred dollars.

in breweries,

SEC. 61. Whoever employs a minor under the age of eighteen Employment years in handling intoxicating liquors or packages containing such etc. liquors in a brewery or bottling establishment in which such liquors are prepared for sale or offered for sale shall, for each offense, be punished by a fine of not less than fifty dollars or by imprisonment for not less than three months, or by both such fine and imprisonment. The provisions of this section shall not prohibit the employment of minors in drug stores.

CHAPTER 106.-Employment of women and children.

SECTION 8. The following words and phrases as used in all laws relative to the employment of labor shall, unless a different meaning is plainly required by the context, have the following meanings:

"Bleaching works" shall mean any premises in which the process of bleaching yarn or cloth of any material is carried on. Dyeing works" shall mean any premises in which the process of dyeing yarn or cloth of any material is carried on.

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"Factory" shall mean any premises where steam, water or other mechanical power is used in aid of any manufacturing process there carried on.

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Glass works" shall mean any premises in which the manufacture of glass is carried on.

"Iron works" shall mean a mill, forge or other premises in or upon which any process is carried on for converting iron into malleable iron, steel or tin plate, or for otherwise making or converting steel.

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Letterpress establishments" shall mean any premises in which the process of letterpress printing is carried on.

Definitions.

Hours of la

tile establishments;

In manufac

lishments.

"Mercantile establishments" shall mean any premises used for the purposes of trade in the purchase or sale of any goods or merchandise, and any premises used for the purposes of a restaurant or for publicly providing and serving meals.

"Paper mills" shall mean any premises in which the manufacture of paper is carried on.

"Person" shall mean an individual, corporation, partnership, company or association.

"Print works" shall mean any premises in which is carried on the process of printing figures, patterns or designs upon cotton, linen, woolen, worsted or silken yarn or cloth, or upon any woven or felted fabric which is not paper.

"Public building" shall mean any building or premises used as a place of public entertainment, instruction, resort or assemblage. "School house" shall mean any building or premises in which public or private instruction is afforded to not less than ten pupils at one time.

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Woman shall mean a woman eighteen years of age or over. Workshop "shall mean any premises, room or place, which is not a factory as above defined, wherein manual labor is exercised by way of trade or for purposes of gain in or incidental to a process of making, altering, repairing, ornamenting, finishing or adapting for sale any article or part of an article, and to which or over which premises, room or place the employer of the persons working therein has the right of access or control; but the exercise of such manual labor in a private house or private room by the family dwelling therein or by any of them or, if a majority of the persons therein employed are members of such family, shall not of itself constitute such house or room a workshop within this definition. 'Young person shall mean a person of the age of fourteen years and under the age of eighteen years.

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SEC. 23 (as amended by chapter 397, Acts of 1904). No child bor in mercan- under eighteen years of age and no woman shall be employed in laboring in a mercantile establishment more than fifty-eight hours in a week. Every employer shall post in a conspicuous place in every room in which such persons are employed a printed notice stating the number of hours' work which are required of them on each day of the week, the hours of commencing and stopping such work, and the hour when the time or times allowed for dinner or other meals begin and end. The printed form of such notice shall be furnished by the chief of the district police and shall be approved by the attorney-general. The employment of any such person for a longer time in any day than that so stated shall be deemed a violation of the provisions of this section. An employer, superintendent, overseer or other agent of a mercantile establishment who violates any of the provisions of this section shall be punished by a fine of not less than fifty nor more than one hundred dollars. SEC. 24 (as amended by chapter 435, Acts of 1902). No child turing estab- under eighteen years of age and no woman shall be employed in laboring in a manufacturing or mechanical establishment more than ten hours in any one day, except as hereinafter provided in this section, unless a different apportionment of the hours of labor is made for the sole purpose of making a shorter day's work for one day of the week; and in no case shall the hours of labor exto ceed fifty-eight in a week. Every employer shall post in a conspicuous place in every room in which such persons are employed a printed notice stating the number of hours' work required of them on each day of the week, the hours of commencing and stopping work, and the hours when the time allowed for meals begins and ends or, in the case of establishments exempted from the provisions of sections thirty-six and thirty-seven, the time, if any, allowed for meals. The printed forms of such notices shall be provided by the chief of the district police, after approval by the attorney-general. The employment of such person at any time other than as stated in said printed notice shall be deemed a violation of the provisions of this section unless it appears that such employment was to make up time lost on a previous day of the

Schedule be posted.