Annual Report on the Geoglogical Survey of Ohio |
Contents
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Common terms and phrases
Alumina analyses average beds bituminous Black slate blast Blue limestone bottom cannel coal Carbonate of lime cent Clay shale Cliff Clinton Coal measures coal seam coke Columbiana county Combined water combustion Conglomerate creek deposit Diameter District east Elk township exposed feet in thickness feet thick Ferriferous limestone Fire-clay Fixed carbon following strata formation fossils Furnace Company furnace lands geological gray Hamilton township heat Helderberg Highland county hill coal Hillsboro Holmes county Inches Jackson county Lawrence county Lick township limonite Logan sandstone magnesia manganese metallic iron miles mined Nelsonville Niagara Ohio Pentamerus Phosphoric acid portion pounds Prof Putnam Hill limestone quarries railroad reported Ridge rock sand sandstone sandy shale Scioto seam of coal seen Sesquioxide Sesquioxide of iron shale Silica soil Specific gravity stone Straitsville sulphur surface Total trace Tuscarawas county twyers Under-clay Upper Waverly valley vicinity Vinton county Volatile matter Waverly Wormley
Popular passages
Page 331 - ... sphagnum, began to luxuriate. This, absorbing a large quantity of water, and continuing to shoot out new plants above, while the old were decaying, rotting, and compressing into a solid substance below, gradually replaced the water by a mass of vegetable matter. In this manner the marsh might be filled up, while the central, or moister portion, continuing to excite a more rapid growth of the moss, it would be...
Page 79 - ... are found in hot and dry and in cold and dry climates, in hot and moist and in cold and moist regions. In New Zealand the...
Page 319 - ... rival that will have hewed its path in material wealth and prosperity, through every discouragement and disadvantage, and over the most formidable obstacles. The improvement already made in the surface of the country has exceeded all expectation. Land in this county, which but a few years since, were covered with interminable swamps and forest. purchasable at from $2 to $10 per acre, have been converted into good farms, now commanding from $20 to §50 per acre..
Page 316 - Black Swamp" appropriate and familiar, and the district proverbial — more so probably than it really deserves — for dampness, miasm and disease. To this largo district, capable of transformation, and in fact now being rapidly transformed, into a region at once healthful and productive, drains are a necessity. They must often be several miles in extent, and laid out with reference to some general plan. It is easy to see that the execution of these works is beyond the power of isolated individual...
Page 28 - ... contribute much more largely than it has yet done to the enrichment of Akron and vicinity, by furnishing an abundant supply of fuel adapted to all forms of manufacturing industry. From Wadsworth, Medina county, the western line of outcrop of Coal No. 1 pursues nearly a southern course to Fairview, in Wayne county, where it crosses the line of the PFW & CRR At Clinton, Fulton and Massilon it is extensively worked, and the mines in this vicinity supply a large amount of coal for the Cleveland market,...
Page 26 - This peculiarity is owing to two canses, viz.: It was the first accumulation of carbonaceous matter in the great peat bog that subsequently became our coal basin. As a consequence, it occupies only the lower portions of the irregular bottom of this basin, and was never deposited over the ridges and hummocks which fringed the margins, or, as islands, dotted the surface of the old coal marsh. The second cause of its absence is, that it is overlaid by heavy strata of sandstone which were once beds of...
Page 415 - ... precipitated, with water containing a little ammonia, which is also passed through the filter. The ammoniacal solution is now heated in a small beaker to the boiling temperature, the phosphoric acid precipitated by the ordinary magnesian mixture (prepared according to Fresenins), and the whole allowed to stand 24 hours. The precipitate is then collected on a filter and washed with water containing a little ammonia, then dried and ignited, when the phosphoric acid will remain as pyrophosphate...
Page 535 - Siemens' furnace, and avails himself of the changes of current required in working the regenerators to effect the changes of flame. The furnace is divided by a bridge into two halves, and he thus operates upon two masses of iron at the same time, one of which is freshly charged, while the other contains material which is nearly decarbonized. Some specimens of Berard's steel were on exhibition, and although creditable in themselves, it was generally understood that he had not yet succeeded in making...
Page 18 - Alleghany mountains. Another interesting fact in regard to the valleys of the streams is, that they are all cut far below the present stream-beds. The valley of the Beaver is excavated to a depth of over 150 feet below the present water level. The trough of the Ohio is still deeper. The Tuscarawas at Dover is running 175 feet above its ancient bed. The rock bottom of the Killbuck valley has not yet been reached.
Page 43 - It should not be inferred, however, trom these remarks, that the immense store of fossil fuel contained in the region under consideration is of such quality as not to be usefully employed in the arts; but it is necessary that some process should be adopted for ridding...