Butter-making in the Holy Land is it very primitive atlair. I goat's skin is hali filled with milk, then indated with air and sealed. It is hung with ropes on a tripod roughly made of sticks and is rocked to and iro by the women umul the butter is formed. Photo by Imerican Colony, Jerusalem.

with a turban. In the districts north of Jerusalem the turban consists of a large square of white linen with a colored border woven in. Photo by the American Colony, Jerusalem.

“A cap, perhaps decorated with a blue bead or some charm to keep off' spirits and the evil eye, completes

its apparel." The child shown here has outgrown the swaddling clothes.

ENCOURAGING BIRDS AROUND THE HOME

BY FREDERICK H. KENNARD

NO

we

OW that our country has really forgetting the small boy that used to be awakened to the importance of ubiquitous; English sparrows, horned

bird life to the citizens, and at owls, and sometimes crows and jays, last enacted some very wise legislation, cooper and sharp-shinned hawks, and forbidding the killing of migratory and last, but not least, the black snake. insectivorous birds, putting migratory

IIOIV TO ITTRACT THE BIRDS game birds under Federal control, and forbidding the importation of plumage To sum up, if we are to attract bir in from abroad, public interest in birds and Summer, must furnish them with their great economic value seems to have proper nesting sites, cover, food, and also been stirred as never before.*

water; and if we want to keep them in Spring will soon be here, and those of winter, we must again furnish them with us who are thinking of doing our little

cover and food, and always protect them toward attracting the birds must be get

from their enemies. ting ready for the early arrivals from the The most important factor in attractSouth.

ing birds is the supplying of cover suitBirds come north for the very special able for their wants. With this properly purpose of finding a proper place for the

done, except in the case of birds that rearing of their young, and, this task ac

nest about buildings or in holes, nature complished, as autumn approaches, soon

will supply the nesting sites, as well as depart in search of areas where there

take care of the food supply, except in will be throughout the winter plenty of

winter. food and cover and a more congenial cli

It "The Pines," my place in Newton mate.

Center, Mass., we have had for eight If we want to make our homes at

years under close observation about 44 tractive to birds, we must always keep dotted with a few old apple trees, six

acres, comprising three acres of lawn the above facts in mind. If in summer

acres of wet meadow, which are allowed we want to attract the migrants from the South, as well as the permanent resi

to grow up with tussocks of grass, cedars, dents, we must furnish them with proper

alders, wild roses, and the like, and the places for the rearing of their young,

remaining 35 acres divided in two areas which should include not only nesting

of about equal size. The first of these sites, but cover, food, and water; and if

areas, that about the house, is covered in winter we want to keep some of the

with a growth of pines, hemlocks, cepermanent residents about our homes

dars, birches and various other deciduous and attract migrants from the North, we trees, among which we have taken pains must remember that they are again in

to cultivate suitable coppice and undersearch of food and cover.

growth, while the second area, covered

with deciduous woods, is, on account of Once having attracted the birds, a sharp lookout must be kept in order to

a fire that ran through it a number of protect them from their enemies—cats,

years ago, almost devoid of the smaller bird-hunting dogs, red squirrels, skunks,

evergreens or protecting coppice and foxes, and other predatory animals, not

undergrowth (see pages 319 and 320).

In the first of these areas (page 319) * Numerous reports on the economical value some thirty different species of birds of birds have been issued by the United States Department of Agriculture. One of the best it useful book that every one should read books on the subject is entitled “Birds in Ti w is interested birds "Methods of AtRelation to Man," by Weed and Dearborn, tracting Birds,” by Gilbert H. Trafton, pubpublished by J. B. Lippincott & Co., Phila lished by the Houghton Mifflin Co. of Boston, delphia, Pa.

Vass.

ATTRACTIVE PLANTING, PARTICULARLY OF EVERGREENS, ENCOURAGES TIIT BIRDS

Photo by Thomas F. Marr and Son “Almost every one who lives in the country can do something in the way of attractive planting about their houses and grounds, and even in the more closely settled suburbs almost every place, no matter how small, can by judicious planting be made attractive to birds. Even a back yard my in its limited way, with proper Treatment Le made a regular rendezvous for birals in the vicinity (see page 321).