VOLUME CXXII The Annals NOVEMBER, 1925 EDITOR: CLYDE L. KING ASSOCIATE EDITOR: JOSEPH H. WILLITS ASSISTANT EDITOR: J. T. SALTER EDITORIAL COUNCIL: C. H. CRENNAN, DAVID FRIDAY, A. A. GIESECKE, A. R. HATTON, 84597 Copyright, 1925, by THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF POLITICAL AND SOCIAL SCIENCE All rights reserved HOOAEB MVB TIBBYBA EUROPEAN AGENTS ENGLAND: P. S. King & Son, Ltd., 2 Great Smith Street, Westminster, London, S. W. GERMANY: Mayer & Müller, 2 Prinz Louis Ferdinandstrasse, Berlin, N. W. ITALY: Giornale Degli Economisti, Rivista di Statistica, Milano (26)—Via Canova 27 PAGE Maximo M. Kalaw, Dean, College of Liberal Arts, University of the Philippines THE UNITED STATES AND THE PHILIPPINES-A SURVEY OF SOME POLITICAL ASPECTS OF TWENTY-FIVE YEARS OF AMERICAN SOVEREIGNTY...... Ralston Hayden, Professor of Political Science, University of Michigan; sometime PART II. COMMUNICATIONS, COMMERCE AND WEALTH Walter S. Rogers, Chairman of a Committee Appointed by National Social Research Council, to Inquire into International Communications and Opinion Chi-Pao Cheng, Executive Secretary, National Southeastern University, Nanking, China and W. T. Tao, Director, National Association for the Advancement of Education THE SIGNIFICANCE OF FOREIGN FINANCIAL CONTROL IN CHINA. Frederic E. Lee, Ph.D., Executive Dean, University of Maryland; former American EUROPEANIZATION AND THE ANCIENT CULTURE IN PACIFIC ASIA.......... Upton Close (Josef Washington Hall, University of Washington) PART V. ASIATIC IMMIGRATION AMERICAN-JAPANESE RELATIONS-THE LOGIC OF THE EXCLUSIONISTS.... 181 Sidney L. Gulick, Secretary, Commission on International Justice and Goodwill, Federal Council of the Churches of Christ in America, New York City THE GENTLEMEN'S AGREEMENT-HOW IT HAS FUNCTIONED. Kiyo Sue Inui, Professorial Lecturer, Tokyo University, Tokyo, Japan FOREWORD ANY attempted solution of world problems that fails to recognize the tremendous present and potential influence of the Far East is foredoomed to failure. With an area greater than that of all Europe, and a population far in excess, with vast natural resources still largely unexploited, the rôle of the Orient in international affairs must of necessity be an important one. Within the memory of living men the island empire of Japan has emerged from obscurity and taken its place among the world powers. It has demonstrated its military prowess in no uncertain manner. In affairs of peace its progress has been no less astounding. During the past decade its combined imports and exports have tripled. The industrialization of Japan is not a dream of tomorrow, but a fact of to-day. China is still largely the plaything of the powers. Torn by civil war, its people united only by a common hatred of the foreigner, it can offer no very effective resistance to the nations seeking to take its natural riches as they formerly took its territory. But China is a sleeping giant. The four hundred millions of its population, tireless, pa tient, uncomplaining, are a force that some day must be reckoned with. Americans are more vitally interested in the Orient at present than ever before. American manufacturers wish to develop new markets, while American traders are intent on continuing the commercial connections brought about by the World War. American Christians hope to find millions of converts to their faith, and American statesmen seek a way to improve the strained relationships of recent days. This volume has been prepared in the hope that it will help to make clear the significant position of the Orient in world affairs, a position that is bound to become increasingly important with the passing of time. Europe's day of mastery is passing, if it has not already passed; but the Far East faces the rising sun. Special credit is due Mr. W. A. Slade, Chief of the Division of Bibliography painstaking care in preparing the seof the Library of Congress, for his lected list of works dealing with Far Eastern affairs. AUSTIN F. MACDONALD, |