COMPARISON OF THE VARIOUS TONS AND POUNDS IN USE IN In a bulletin issued on December 27, 1893, by the Director of the Coast and Geodetic Survey and approved by the Secretary of the Treasury, the United States government accepted these units of electrical measure as agreed on by the Chamber of Delegates of the International Congress of Electricians, which met at Chicago in 1893: International Ohm-The unit of resistance, based upon the ohm equal to 10.9 units of resistance of the Centimetre-Gramme-Second system of electromagnetic units and is represented by the resistance offered to an unvarying electric current by a column of mercury at the temperature of melting ice, 14.4521 grammes in mass, of a constant cross-sectional area and of the length of 106.3 centimetres. International Ampere-The unit of current, one-tenth of the unit of current of the C.-M.-G. system of electromagnetic units, represented sufficiently well for practical use by the unvarying current, which, when passed through a solution of nitrate of silver in water (specification for the operation given in the circular), deposits silver at the rate of 0.001118 of a gramme per second. International Volt-The unit of electro-motive force, which is the electromotive force that, steadily applied to a conductor whose resistance is one international ohm, will produce a current of one international ampere, and which is represented sufficiently well for practical use by 1000/1434 of the electro-motive force between the poles or electrodes of the voltaic cell known as Clark's cell at a temperature of 15° C. and prepared in the manner described in the specifica-tion accompanying. International Coulomb-The quantity of electricity transferred by a current of one international ampere in one second. International Farad-The capacity of a condenser charged to a potential of one international volt by one international coulomb of electricity. International Joule The unit of work, which is equal to 10.7 units of work in the C.-G.-S. system, and which is represented sufficiently well for practical use by the energy expended in one second by an international ampere in an international ohm. International Watt-The unit of power, which is equal to 10.7 units of power in the C.-G.-S. syystem, and which is represented sufficiently well for practical work at the rate of one joule per second. International Henry-The unit of induction, which is the induction in a circuit when the electro-motive force induced in this circuit is one international volt, while the inducing current varies at the rate of one ampere per second. AMERICAN WEIGHTS AND MEASURES. Pottle Gallon Peck Bushel Strike Coomb Quarter Load Last BRITISH WEIGHTS AND MEASURES (Continued). .-10 quarters Cubic or Solid Measure. Cubic foot-1,728 cubic inches. Cubic yard 27 cubic feet, or 21.033 bushels. Stack of wool-108 cubic feet. Shipping ton-40 cubic feet merchandise. Shipping ton-42 cubic feet of timber. Ton of displacement of a ship-32 cubic feet. Measures of Length. Mile (geographical, admiralty knot or nautical mile), 6,280 feet-1,013 1-3 fathoms 1.15 miles statute. 33 knots-38 statute miles. League 3 miles. Degree 60 geographical-69.121 statute miles. Inch-72 points, or 12 lines. Palm-3 inches. Hand 4 inches. Link-792 inches, Quarter (or a span)-9 inches. Cubit 18 inches. Yard 36 inches. Pace, military-2 feet 6 inches, Mile-8 furlongs, 80 chains, 320 rods, 880 fathoms, 1,760 yards, 5,280 feeet, 63,360 inches. Square, Surface, or Land Measure. Rod, pole, or perch-30% yards-2721⁄4 feet. Rood 40 rods-1,210 yardds-10,890 feet. Mile 640 acres, 2,560 roods, 6,400 chains, 102,400 rods, poles or perches, 3,097,600 square yards. Measures of Time. Same as in the United States. Old Scottish Measures. 4 gills 1 mutchkin. 2 mutchkins-1 choppin. 2 choppins 1 pint, 2 pints 1 quart. Corn Measure. 4 lippics-1 peck. 4 pecks 1 firlot. 4 firlots1 ball. 16 balls 1 chalder. Old Scottish Weights. 16 drops-1 ounce. 16 ounces-1 pound. SPANISH-AMERICAN MEASURES. or The following table gives the chief weights and measures in commercial use in Mexico and the Republics of Central and South America, and their equivalents in the United States: U. S. equiva- 0.02471 acre 25 pounds 25.3171 pounds 32.38 pounds 25.3664 pounds 25.4024 pounds 4.263 gallons 20.0787 gallons 300 pounds 4.2631 gallons 4.2 acres 78.9 yards 8.077 square feet 2 acres (nearly) 35.3 cubic feet 1.5745 bushels 2.575 bushels 1.599 bushels 1.54728 bushels 7.776 bushels 3.888 bushels 1.599 bushels 2.5096 quarts 2.5 quarts 15.432 grains 2.471 acres 2.838 bushels 26.417 gallons 2.2046 pounds SPECIFIC GRAVITY-DENSITY-SIZES OF PRINTING PAPERS. 71 U. S. equivalents. 0.621376 mile 4.633 acres 1.0127 pounds 1.043 pour ds 1.014 pounds 1.0161 pounds 1.01465 pounds 1.0143 pounds 1.0143 pounds 1.0161 pounds 1.0567 quarts 1.0791 pounds 1.5-6 acres 0.507 pound 39.37 inches Quintal Quintal Quintal (metric). Suerte Argentine Republic Central America Chili Cuba Mexico Uruguay Metric Guiana Costa Rica Polivia Metric Argentine Republic Argentine Republic Brazil 0.9478 foot 101.42 pounds 33.367 inches 33.384 inches 33 inches 34 inches 33.384 inches Specific gravity is the ratio of the weight of a given bulk of any substance to that of a given substance, which, as a rule, is distilled water for solids and liquids, air and hydrogen for gases. As the density of water varies with the temperature, the comparison with water is made with water at its temperature of maximum density, or at about 39 degrees Fahrenheit. Following are the specific gravities of various substances, as compared with water: For gases the expression specific gravity is now almost never used, density having practically displaced it. DENSITY OF GASES, RELATIVELY TO HYDROGEN. 1.45 Gold, cast 19.26 .21.50 |