William R. King, Ala., died April 18, 1853; David R. Atchison, Mo.; Lewis Cass, Mich.; Jesse D. Bright, Ind.; Charles E. Stuart, Mich., and James M. Mason, Va., presidents pro tempore of the Senate and next in line of succession, Dec. 5, 1853, to Mch. 3, 1857. SEC. STATE-William L. Marcy, N. Y., Mch. 7, 1853. SEC. TREASURY-James Guthrie, Ky., Mch. 7, 1853. SEC. WAR -Jefferson Davis, Miss., Mch. 7. 1853. SEC. NAVY-James C. Dobbin, N. C., Mch. 7, 1853. POST'R-GEN.-James Campbell, Penn., Mch. 7, 1853. ATTYGEN.-Caleb Cushing, Mass., Mch. 7, 1853. SEC. INTERIOR-Robert McClelland, Mich., Mch. 7, 1853. Administration of Buchanan. PRESIDENT-James Buchanan, Penn., Mch. 4, 1857, to Mch. 4, 1861. V.-PRES'TJohn C. Breckinridge, Ky. SEC. STATE-Lewis Cass, Mich., Mch. 6, 1857; Jeremiah S. Black, Penn., Dec. 17, 1860. SEC. TREASURY-Howell Cobb, Ga., Mch. 6, 1857; Isaac Toucey, Secretary of the Navy, ad interim, from Dec. 10 to Dec. 12, 1800; Philip F. Thomas, Md., Dec. 12, 1860; John A. Dix, N. Y., Jan. 11, 1861. SEC. WAR-John B. Floyd, Va., Mch. 6, 1857; Joseph Holt, Postmaster General, ad interim, from Jan. 1, 1861, to Jan. 17, 1881; Joseph Holt, Ky., Jan. 18, 1861 SEC. NAVY-Isaac Toucey, Conn., Mch. 6, 1857. POST'R-GEN.-Aaron V. Brown, Tenn., Mch. 6, 1857; Joseph Holt, Ky., Mch. 14, 1859; Horatio King, Me., Feb. 12, 1861. ATT'Y-GEN.-Jeremiah S. Black, Penn., Mch. 6, 1857; Edwin M. Stanton, Penn., Dec. 20, 1860. SEC. INTERIORJacob Thompson, Miss., Mch. 6, 1857, served until Jan. 8, 1861. First Administration of Lincoln. PRESIDENT—Abraham Lincoln, Ill., Mch. 4, 1861, to Mch. 4, 1865. V.-PRES'THannibal Hamlin, Me. SEC. STATE-William H. Seward, N. Y., Mch. 5, 1861. SEC. TREASURY-Salmon P. Chase, Ohio, Mch. 5, 1861; William P. Fessenden, Me., July 1, 1864. SEC. WAR-Simon Cameron, Penn., Mch. 5, 1861; Edwin M. Stanton, Penn., Jan. 15, 1862. NAVY-Gideon Welles, Conn., Mch. 5, 1861. POST R-GEN.-Montgomery Blair, D. C., Mch. 5, 1861; William Dennison, Ohio, Sept. 24, 1864. ATT'Y-GEN.-Edward Bates, Mo., Mch. 5, 1861; John P. Usher, Ind., Jan. 8, 1863. Second Administration of Lincoln. PRESIDENT-Abraham Lincoln, second term, Mch. 4, 1865, to April 16, 1865, on which date he died. V.-PRES'T-Andrew Johnson, Tenn. SEC. STATE-Willlam H. Seward, reappointed. SEC. TREASURY-Hugh McCulloch, Ind., Mch. 7, 1865. SEC. WAR-Edwin M. Stanton, reappointed. SEC. NAVY-Gideon Welles, reappointed. POST'R-GEN.-William Dennison, reappointed. ATT'Y-GEN.James Speed, reappointed. SEC. INTERIOR-John P. Usher, reappointed. Administration of Johnson. PRESIDENT—Andreew Johnson, Tenn., April 15, 1865, to Mch. 4, 1869.-V.-PRES'TLafayette S. Foster, Conn., and Benjamin F. Wade, Ohio, presidents pro tempore of the Senate and next in line of sucession, the former from Dec. 4, 1865, to July 28, 1866, and the latter from Dec. 3, 1866, to Mch. 3, 1869. SEC. STATEWilliam H. Seward, continued. SEC. TREASURY-Hugh McCulloch, continued. SEC. WAR-Edwin M. Stanton, suspended Aug. 12, 1867; U. S. Grant, ad interim, Aug. 12, 1867; Edwin M. Stanton, reinstated, Jan. 14, 1868, continued in office until May 26; 1868, in spite of the President's attempts to remove him; John M. Schofield, May 28, 1868. SEC. NAVY-Gideon Welles, continued. POST'R-GEN. -William Dennison, continued; Alexander W. Randall, Wis., July 25, 1868. ATTY-GEN.-James Speed, continued; Henry Stanberry, Ohio, July 23, 1866; Orville H. Browning, Secretary of the interior, ad interim, from March 13, 1868, to July 19, 1868; William M. Evarts, N. Y., July 15, 1868. SEC. INTERIORJohn P. Usher, continued; James Harlan, Iowa, May 15, 1865; Orville H. Browning, Ill., Sept. 1, 1866. First Administration of Grant. PRESIDENT-Ulysses S. Grant, Ill., Mch. 4, 1869. to Mch. 4, 1873. V.-PRES'TSchuyler Colfax, Ind. SEC. STATE-E. B. Washburne, Ill., Mch. 5, 1860; Hamilton Fish, N. Y., Mch. 11, 1869. SEC. TREASURY-George S. Boutwell, Mass., Mch. 11, 1869. SEC. WAR-John A. Rawlins, Ill., Mch. 11, 1869; William T. Sherman, Sept. 9, 1869; William W. Belknap, Iowa, Oct. 25, 1969. SEC. NAVY-Adolph E. Borie, Penn., Mch. 5, 1869; George M. Robeson, N. J., June 25, 1889. POST'R-GEN.-John A. J. Creswell, Md., Mch. 5. 1869. ATT'YGEN.-Ebenezer R. Hoar, Mass., Mch. 5, 1869; Amos T. Askerman, Ga., June 23, 1870; George H. Williams, Ore., Jan. 10, 1872. SEC. INTERIOR-Jacob D. Cox, Ohio, Mch. 5, 1869; Columbus Delano, Ohio, Nov. 1, 1870. Second Administration of Grant. RESIDENT-Ulysses S. Grant, second term, Mch. 4. 1873, to Mch. 4, 1877. V.PRES'T-Henry Wilson, Mass., died Nov. 22, 1875: Thomas W. Ferry, Mich., President pro tempore of the Senate and next in line of succession, Dec. 6, 1875, to Mch. 3, 1877. SEC. STATE-Hamilton Fish, continued. SEC. TREASURYGeorge S. Boutwell, continued, served until Mch. 17, 1873; William A. Richardson, Mass., Mch. 17, 1873; Benjamin H. Bristow, Ky., June 2, 1874; Lot M. Morrill, Me., June 21, 1876. SEC. WAR-William W. Belknap, continued; George M. Robeson, Secretary of the Navy, ad interim, from Mch. 2, 1876, to Mch. 10, 1876: Alphonso Taft, Ohio, Mch. 8, 1876; J. D. Cameron. Penn., May 22, 1876. SEC. NAVY-George M. Robeson, continued. POST R-GEN.-J. A. J. Creswell, continued; James Marshall, Va.. July 3, 1874; Marshall Jewell, Conn., Aug. 24, 1874: James N. Tyner, Ind., July 12, 1876. ATT'Y-GEN.-G. H. Williams, continued; Edwards Pierrepont, N. Y., April 26, 1875; Alphonso Taft, Ohio, May 22, 1876. SEC. INTERIOR-Columbus Delano, continued; Zachariah Chandler, Mich., Oct. 19, 1875. Administration of Hayes. PRESIDENT-Rutherford B. Hayes, Ohio, Mch. 4, 1877, to Mch. 4, 1881. V.-PREST -William A. Wheeler, N. Y. SEC. STATE-William M. Evarts, N. Y., Mch. 12, 1877. SEC. TREASURY-John Sherman, Ohio, Mch. 8, 1877. SEC. WARGeorge W. McCrary, Iowa, Mch. 12. 1877; Alexander Ramsey, Minn., Dec. 10, 1879. SEC. NAVY-Richard W. Thompson, Ind., Mch. 12, 1877; Nathan Goff, jr.. W. Va., Jan. 6, 1881. POST'R-GEN.-David M. Key, Tenn., Mch. 12, 1877: Horace Maynard, Tenn., June 2, 1880. ATT'Y-GEN.-Charles Devens, Mass., Mch. 12, 1877. SEC. INTERIOR-Carl Schurz, Mo., Mch. 12, 1877. Administration of Garfield. PRESIDENT-James A. Garfield, Ohio, Mch. 4, 1881, to Sept. 19, 1881, on which Administration of Arthur. PRESIDENT-Chester A. Arthur, N. Y., Sept. 19, 1881, to Mch. 4, 1885. V.-PRES'T -David Davis, Ill., and George F. Edmunds, Vt., presidents pro tempore of the Senate and next in line of succession, the first from Oct. 13, 1881, to Dec 3, 1883, and the second from Dec. 3, 1883, to Mch. 3. 1885. SEC. STATE-James G. Blaine, continued, served until Dec. 19. 1881; Frederick T. Frelinghuysen, N. J., Dec. 12. 1881. SEC. TREASURY -William Windom, continued, served until Nov. 14, 1881; Charles J. Folger, N. Y., Oct. 27, 1881; Walter Q. Gresham, Ind., Sept. 24, 1884; Hugh McCulloch, Ind., Oct. 28, 1884. SEC. WAR-Robert T. Lincoln, continued. SEC. NAVYWilliam H. Hunt, continued, served until Apr. 16, 1882; William E. Chandler, N. H., Apr. 12, 1882. POST'R-GEN.-Thomas L. James, continued, served until Jan. 4, 1882; Timothy O. Howe, Wis., Dec. 20, 1881; Walter Q. Gresham, Ind., Apr 3, 1883; Frank Hatton, Iowa, Oct. 14, 1884. ATT'Y-GEN. -Wayne MacVeagh, continued, served until Nov. 14, 1881; Benjamin H. Brewster, Penn., Oct. 19, 1881. SEC. INTERIOR-Samuel J. Kirkwood, continued, served until Apr. 17, 1882; Henry M. Teller, Col., Apr. 6, 1882. First Administration of Cleveland. PRESIDENT-Grover Cleveland, N. Y., Mch. 4. 1885, to Mch. 4, 1889. V.-PRES'TThomas A. Hendricks, Ind., died Nov. 25, 1885; John Sherman, Ohio, President pro tempore of the Senate and next in line of succession, from Dec. 7, 1885, to Jan. 19, 1886, when the present law transferring the succession to the Cabinet went into effect. SEC. STATE-Thomas F. Bayard, Del., Mch. 6, 1885. SEC. TREASURY-Daniel Manning, N. Y., Mch. 6, 1885; Charles S. Fairchild, N. Y.. April 1, 1887. SEC. WAR-William C. Endicott, Mass.. Mch. 6, 1885. SEC. NAVY-William C. Whitney, N. Y., Mch. 6, 1885. POST'R-GEN.-William F. Vilas, Wis., Mch. 6, 1885; Don M. Dickinson. Mich., Jan. 16, 1888. ATTY-GEN. Augustus H. Garland, Ark., Mch. 6, 1885. SEC. INTERIOR-Lucius Q. C. Lamar, Miss., Mch. 6, 1885; William F. Vilas, Jan. 16, 1888. SEC. AGRICULTURE-Norman J. Colman, Mo., Feb 12, 1889. Administration of Benjamin Harrison. PRESIDENT-Benjamin Harrison, Ind., Mch. 4, 1889, to Mch, 4, 1893. V.-PRES'TLevi P. Morton, N. Y. SEC. STATE-James G. Blaine, Me., Mch. 5, 1889: J. W. Foster, Ind., June 29, 1892, served until Feb. 23, 1893. SEC. TREASURYWilliam Windom, Minn., Mch. 5, 1889; Charles Foster, Ohio, Feb. 24, 1891. SEC. WAR-Redfield Proctor, Vt., Mch. 5, 1889; Stephen B. Elkins, W. Va., Dec. 22, 1891. SEC. NAVY-Benjamin F. Tracy, N. Y., Mch. 5, 1889. POST R-GEN.John Wanamaker, Penn., Mch. 5. 1889. ATTY-GEN.-William H. H. Miller, Ind.. Mch. 5, 1889. SEC. INTERIOR-John W. Noble, Mo., Mch. 5, 1889. SEC. AGRICULTURE-Jeremiah M. Rusk, Wis., Mch. 5, 1889. Second Administration of Cleveland. V.-PRES'TMch. 6, 1893; PRESIDENT-Grover Cleveland, N. Y., Mch. 4, 1893, to Mch. 4, 1897. First Administration of McKinley, PRESIDENT-William McKinley, Ohio, Mch. 4, 1897, to Mch. 4, 1901. V.-PRES'T -Garret A. Hobart, N. J., died Nov. 21, 1899. SEC. STATE-John Sherman. Ohio, Mch. 5, 1897; William R. Day, Ohio, April 26, 1898; John Hay, D. C., Sept. 20. 1898. SEC. TREASURY-Lyınan J. Gage, Ill., Mch. 5, 1907. SEC. WAR-Russell A. Alger, Mich., Mch. 5, 1897: Elihu Root, N. Y., Aug. 1. 1899. SEC. NAVY-John D. Long, Mass., Mch. 5, 1897. POST R-GEN.-James A. Gary, Md., Mch. 5, 1897; Charles Emory Smith, Penn., Apr. 21, 1898. ATT'Y-GEN.Joseph McKenna, Cal., Mch. 5, 1897; John W. Groiggs, N. J., Jan. 25, 1898. INTERIOR-Cornelius N. Bliss, N. Y., Mch. 5, 1897; Ethan Allen Hitchcock, Mo., Dec. 21, 1898. SEC. AGRICULTURE-James Wilson, Iowa, Mch 5, 1897. Second Administration of McKinley. SEC. PRESIDENT-William McKinley, second term, Mch. 4, 1901, to Sept. 14, 1901, on which day he died. V.-PRES'T-Theodore Roosevelt, N. Y. SEC. STATE-John Hay, D. C., Mch. 5, 1901. SEC. TREASURY-Lyman J. Gage, Ill., Mch. 5, 1901. SEC. WAR-Elihu Root, N. Y., Mch. 5, 1901. SEC. NAVY-John D. Long, Mass., Mch. 5, 1901. POST'R-GEN.-Charles Emory Smith, Penn., Mch. 5. 1901. ATT'Y-GEN.-John W. Griggs, N. J., Mch. 5, 1901; Philander C. Knox, April 5, 1901. SEC. INTERIOR-Ethan A. Hitchock, Mo., Mch. 5, 1901. SEC. AGRICULTURE-James Wilson, Iowa, Mch 5, 1901. First Administration of Roosevelt. PRESIDENT-Theodore Roosevelt, N. Y., Sept. 14, 1901, to Mch. 4, 1905. SEC. STATE-John Hay, D. C., Sept. 14, 1901. SEC. TREASURY-Lyman J. Gage, III., Sept. 14, 1901; Leslie M. Shaw, Iowa, Jan. 9, 1902. SEC. WAR-Elihu Root, N. Y., Sept. 14, 1901; William H. Taft, Ohio, Feb. 1, 1904. SEC. NAVY-John D. Long, Mass., Sept. 14, 1901; William H. Moody, Mass., April 29, 1902; Paul Morton, Ill., July 1, 1904. POST'R-GEN.-Charles Emory Smith, Penn., Sept. 14. 1901; Henry C. Payne, Wis., Jan. 9. 1902; Robert Wynne, Penn., Oct. 10, 1904. ATT'Y-GEN.-Philander C. Knox, Penn., Sept. 14, 1901; William H. Moody, Mass., July 1, 1904. SEC. INTERIOR-Ethan Allen Hitchcock, Mo., Sept. 14, 1901. SEC. AGRICULTURE-James Wilson, Iowa, Sept. 14, 1901. SEC. COMMERCE AND LABOR-George B. Cortelyou, N. Y., Feb. 18, 1903; Vietor H. Metcalf, Cal., July 1, 1904. Second Administration of Roosevelt. PRESIDENT-Theodore Roosevelt, second term, Mch. 4, 1905, to Mch. 4, 1909. V.PRES'T-Charles W. Fairbanks, Ind. SEC. STATE-John Hay, D. C., Mch. 6, 1905; Elihu Root, N. Y., July 20, 1905; Robert Bacon, N. Y., Jan. 27, 1909. SEC. TREASURY-Leslie M. Shaw, Iowa, Mch. 6, 1905; George B. Cortelyou, N. Y., Mch. 4, 1907. SEC. WAR-William H. Taft, Ohio, Mch. 6, 1905: Luke E. Wright, Tenn., July 1, 1908. ATTY-GEN.-William H. Moody, Mass., Mch. 6, 1905; Charles J. Bonaparte, Md., Dec. 17, 1906. POST'R-GEN.-George W. Cortelyou, N. Y., Mch. 6, 1905; George von L. Meyer, Mass., Mch. 4, 1907. SEC. NAVYPaul Morton, Ill., Mch. 6, 1905; Charles J. Bonaparte, Md., July 1, 1905; Victor H. Metcalf, Cal., Dec. 17. 1906; Truman H. Newberry, Mich., Dec. 1, 1908. SEC. INTERIOR-Ethan Allen Hitchcok, Mo., Mch. 6, 1905; James R. Garfield, Ohio, Mch. 5, 1907. SEC. AGRICULTURE-James Wilson, Iowa, Mch. 6, 1905. SEC. COMMERCE AND LABOR-Victor H. Metcalf, Cal., Mch. 6, 1905; Oscar S. Straus, N. Y., Dec. 17, 1906. Administration of Taft. PRESIDENT-William H. Taft, Ohio, Mch. 4, 1909. V.-PRES'T-James S. Sherman, N. Y. SEC. STATE-Philander C. Knox, Penn., Mch. 5, 1909. SEC. TREASURY -Franklin MacVeagh, Ill., Mch. 5, 1909. SEC. WAR-Jacob M. Dickinson, Tenn., Mch. 5, 1909. ATT'Y-GEN.-George W. Wickersham, N. Y., Mch, 5, 1909. POST'R-GEN.-Frank H. Hitchcock, Mass., Mch. 5, 1909. SEC. NAVY-George von L. Meyer, Mass., Mch. 5, 1909. SEC. INTERIOR-Richard A. Ballinger, Wash., Mch. 5, 1909. SEC. AGRICULTURE-James Wilson, Iowa, Mch. 5, 1909. SEC. COMMERCE AND LABOR-Charles Nagel, Mo., Mch. 5, 1909. Term of Service. George Washington.. Mch. 4, 1789, to ... Mass. Died. Oct. 31, 1735 July 4, 1826 Mch. 3, 1797. Virginia.. Virginia... Feb. 22, 1732 John Adams........ Mch. 4, 1797, to Mch. 3. 1801, Mass. Thomas Jefferson.... Mch. 4, 1801. to Mch. 3, 1809. Virginia.. Virginia.. April 2, 1743 July 4, 1826 James Madison...... Mch. 4, 1809, to Mch, 3. 1817. Virginia.. Virginia.. Mch. 16, 1751 June 28, 1836 James Monroe....... Mch. 4, 1817. to John Quincy Adams Meh. 4, 1825. to Mch. 3. 1825. Virginia.. Virginia.. Apr. 28, 1758 July 4, 1831 Mch. 3, 1829. Mass. Andrew Jackson..... Mch. 4, 1829. to Mass. Mch. 3. 1837. N. Car... Tenn. Martin Van Buren... Mch. 4, 1837, to ... July 11, 1767 Feb. 23, 1848 Mch. 3, 1841. New York New York Dec. 5, 1782 July 24, 1862 Wm. Henry Harrison Mch. 4, 1841, to Apr. 4. 1841. Virginia.. Ohio .... Mch. 3, 1845. Virginia.. Virginia.. Mch. 29, 1790 Jan. 18, 1862 Mch. 4, 1845, to Mch. 3. 1849. N. Car... Tenn. Nov. 2, 1795 June 15, 1849 State from Name. Term of Service. ¡ Zachary Taylor......[Mch. 4, 1849, to| ...... Sep. 24, 1784 July 9, 1850 7, 1874 8. 1869 Apr. 23, 1791 June 1, 1868 Feb. 12, 1809 Apr. 15, 1865 Dec. 29, 1808 July 31, 1875 Apr. 27, 1822 July 23, 1885 Oct. 4, 1822 Jan. 17, 1893 July 9, 1850.. Virginia.. La. Ulysses S. Grant..... Mch. 4, 1869, to Mch. 3, 1877. Ohio Rutherford B. Hayes Mch. 4, 1877. to .... Illinois ....Ohio .... Nov. 19, 1831 Sep. 19, 1881 Mch. 3, 1881. Ohio James A. Garfield. ....Mch. 4, 1881, to Sept. 19, 1881 Ohio Chester A. Arthur... Sept. 19, 1881, to Mch. 3, 1885. Vermont.. New York Oct. 5, 1830 Nov. 18, 1886 .... .... Grover Cleveland.... Mch. 4, 1885, to William H. Taft..... Mch. 4, 1909. .... Ohio .... Mch. 3, 1825.. New York New York June 21, 1774 June 11, 1825 Mch, 3, 1837.. New York New York Dec. 5, 1782 July 24, 1862 Mch. 3, 1881.. New York New York June 30, 1819 June 4, 1887 Sept. 19, 1881. Vermont.. New York Oct. 5, 1830 Nov. 18, 1888 PRESIDENTS PRO TEMPORE OF THE SENATE. Up to March 12, 1890, the Senate followed the practice of electing presidents pro tempore only when the necessity arose for naming a presiding officer in the absence of the Vice-President. The same president pro tempore was afterward elected several times in succession during one Congress. In such cases the date is given below only for the first election. When a Vice-President died, resigned or was promoted to the Presidency, the tenure of the president pro tempore continned until its vacancy in the Vice-Presidency was filled or a new president pro tempore was elected. On March 12, 1890. the Senate adopted a resolution declaring that a president pro tempore elected should serve continuously "until the Senate otherwise ordered." The list of presidents pro tempore is as follows: |