The Weather Bureau

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U.S. Government Printing Office, 1912 - 39 pages
 

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Page 4 - That the Chief of the Weather Bureau, under the direction of the Secretary of Agriculture, on and after July first, eighteen hundred and ninety-one, shall have charge of the forecasting of weather, the issue of storm warnings, the display of weather and flood, signals for the benefit of agriculture, commerce, and navigation, the gauging and reporting of rivers...
Page 4 - ... the gauging and reporting of rivers, the maintenance and operation of seacoast telegraph lines and the collection and transmission of marine intelligence for the benefit of commerce and navigation, the reporting of temperature and rain-fall conditions for the cotton interests, the display of frost and cold-wave signals, the distribution of meteorological information in the interests of agriculture and commerce, and the taking of such meteorological observations as may be necessary to establish...
Page 3 - War be, and he hereby is, authorized and required to provide for taking meteorological observations at the military stations in the interior of the continent and at other points in the States and Territories of the United States, and for giving notice on the northern lakes and on the seacoast, by magnetic telegraph and marine signals, of the approach and force of storms.
Page 4 - ... collection and transmission of marine intelligence for the benefit of commerce and navigation; the reporting of temperature and rainfall conditions for the cotton interests; the display of frost and cold-wave signals; the distribution of meteorological information in the interests of agriculture and commerce, and the taking of such meteorological observations as may be necessary to establish and record the climatic conditions of the United States or as are essential for the proper execution of...
Page 16 - ... the shores of the Great Lakes, including every port and harbor of any considerable importance; and so nearly perfect has this service become that scarcely a storm of marked danger to maritime interests has occurred for years for which ample warnings have not been issued from 12 to 24 hours in advance. The reports from the West Indies are especially valuable in this connection, as they enable the bureau to forecast with great accuracy the approach of those destructive hurricanes which, during...
Page 18 - Florida, and which has increased so greatly in recent years, is largely dependent for its success on the co-operation of the Weather Bureau in this particular, and the growers of oranges and other fruits in Florida and California have received great benefit. The value of the orange bloom, vegetables, and strawberries protected and saved on a single night in a limited district in Florida, through the instrumentality of warnings of freezing weather sent out by the bureau, was reported at over $100,000....
Page 6 - Weather forecasts and warnings are based upon simultaneous observations of local weather conditions taken daily at 8 am and 8 pm, 75th Meridian time, at about 200 regular observing stations scattered throughout the United States, and...
Page 24 - In the raisin-growing districts of California rain forecasts are of great value. The raisin crop while drying is extremely susceptible to injury from rain, and the warnings enable the producers to protect the fruit by stacking and covering the trays. The accuracy of the rain forecasts for this region and the system for their distribution have been so complete that practically no loss from this cause has occurred for years.
Page 16 - Lakes, including every port and harbor of any considerable importance; and so nearly perfect has this service become, that scarcely a storm of marked danger to maritime interests has occurred for years for which ample warnings have not been issued from twelve to twenty-four hours in advance. The reports from the West Indies are especially valuable in this connection, as they enable the bureau to forecast with great accuracy the approach of those destructive hurricanes which...
Page 17 - October, are liable to sweep the Gulf and Atlantic coasts. The sailings of the immense number of vessels engaged in our ocean and lake traffic are largely determined by these warnings, and those displayed for a single hurricane are known to have detained in port on our Atlantic coast vessels valued, with their cargoes, at over $30,000,000.

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