thorough and complete organization of the State Society, in consonance with the plan contained in the report.

Mr. J. C. Pelton moved that the report be accepted, and laid temporarily on the table for consideration to-morrow.

Mr. Bradley suggested that to-morrow would be the last day, and if the committee could be appointed to-night to prepare a Constitution, or ascertain the sense of members, they would be enabled to report early. It would very much facilitate their arriving at the object desired.

Mr. Pelton withdrew his motion, and the report was re-committed.

ANNOUNCEMENTS.

The President announced that Román & Co., Bancroft & Co., and other booksellers, cordially invited all members of the Institute to visit their bookstores, where every courtesy would be extended to them, and their stock thrown open for examination. To-morrow, at one o'clock, arrangements would be made to accomodate all members who might desire to visit the Public School Houses of the city. For the information of those interested, the Chair also stated that the price of Wilson's Charts, per set, was fifteen dollars. There were twelve charts in the set, accompanied by a Manual on Object Teaching. The Teachers under examination before the Board in session in connection with the Institute, numbering now about one hundred, had, he said, a pretty hard time of it—from nine o'clock in the morning till six o'clock at night-and he would take the liberty, therefore, of adjourning the Institute twenty-five minutes before the time. He announced as the Committee on Educational Journal, Messrs. Sparrow Smith, Swezey, Tait, Minns, Goodrich, Pease, Lynde, Young, Crook, Holden, McChesney, Seymour, Tripp, Collins, Barstow, Bagnall, Woodruff, Wiles, Flatt, Woods, Holbrook, Bennett, and Bourne, and requested them to meet in the committee room at seven o'clock.

At three o'clock aud twenty minutes, the Institute adjourned.

EVENING SESSION.

At eight o'clock an immense audience assembled to hear the Rev. T. Starr King deliver his Lecture on Hosea Biglow.

The President, having called the meeting to order, read the greater part of a letter he had received respecting the Institute

from John D. Philbrick, Esq., Superintendent of Public Schools in the City of Boston. The entire letter, with others from distinguished educators, not received in season for the Institute, may be found in the Appendix to these proceedings.

Mr. King was introduced by the President, and after a few remarks called forth by the day's telegrams from the Army of the Potomac, proceeded to deliver his lecture on Professor Lowell's Yankee hero, which was greeted with shouts of laughter and applause from beginning to end. We quote from the Bulletin:

Platt's Hall was crowded to the extent of its capacity to hear the Rev. Mr. King's lecture before the Teachers' Institute, last evening. Mr. King expressed his regret that, by order of his physician, he had been compelled to cease writing on a lecture specially adapted for address before such an Institute. The audience, which was chiefly one of strangers, did not share his regret, however, after he had got fairly started, for "Hosea Biglow," they insisted, was good enough for them," as it is certainly the most entertaining of all the lectures with which Mr. King has favored us.

It is about as hard to read Yankee as to read Choctaw. We are free to confess that we instinctively shy from the dialect when printed, as boys do from Virgil in the original. But with King as an expounder, Biglow looms up and assumes proportions he never did assume before. King reads Yankee in a right royal Penobscot way, as familiarly as though it were his native language, and he had been accustomed to strain syllables through his nose from infancy.

Birdofredum Sawin himself could not have read his odes so well as his expounder does. We have inclined to lament that Lowell had not written the Biglow papers in the common English language. The hit was enveloped and hidden in husks so atrociously uncouth and uncomeatable that it scarcely seemed worth the trouble of picking. As a general thing it is a very cheap kind of wit that lies chiefly in the misspelling or mispronunciation of the language. But last evening it was made very plain that only through his nose could Biglow have fitly trumpeted forth the truths he favored us with. There is a peculiar adaptation of the language he employs to the thought it clothes. With Mr. King to read them, the Biglow papers would prove a joy forever, if not a thing of beauty.

FIFTH DAY.

FRIDAY, May 8th.

The President called the Institute to order at nine o'clock. The first subject in order this morning he said was a discussion

on

MILITARY DRILL IN SCHOOLS.

Mr. Pelton said his impressions on military tactics in Schools were only general, but he was decidedly in favor of a reasonable amount of military drill, and that, too, independently of the ultimate effects or results of such training on the minds of children. The immediate effects, he was sure, would be wholesome. The first ideas that should possess the mind of the boy, especially the city boy, on entering School were, order, system, and punctuality. Military drill, he thought, would be eminently suggestive in the inculcation of those ideas. In the general detail of the school, the boy should be taught from the moment of first crossing the threshold, to stand, walk, and move correctly.

Mr. Freeman Parker, of Petaluma, said there was an important point connected with this general subject: the utterance, and clear and distinct pronunciation of words. If in order, he would propose the following:

Resolved, That it is the duty of every Teacher to be thoroughly acquainted with the phonetic principles of our language,

The President expressed the opinion that the resolution did not come under the subject of military drill.

Mr. J. E. Stevens, of Sutter, said he had not tested the effects of military tactics in Schools, but a certain amount of it, he thought, would be a very good thing. Teachers might not be sufficiently familiar themselves with tactics to teach it in its details, but any one with ordinary common sense could procure a work on the subject and learn enough to instruct the boys in the "School of the Company," or the "Manual Exercises," without any trouble whatever. He could make it at least a very entertaining feature of the play ground, and the exercises were undoubtedly healthful to children. Whilst benefitting the health

of the children, order in the School would be promoted in a manner attractive to all concerned.

Mr. Robert Thompson in the Chair.

Mr. T. J. Alley, of Sonoma, proposed the following:

Resolved, That military training is out of place in our Public Schools.

Mr. Stevens seconded the resolution, to bring it before the house, and then moved its indefinite postponement. It occurred to him that military training was not only proper, but in view of the present condition of public affairs, eminently essential. It was necessary for our boys at home. We were verging from that peaceful condition of society in which we were born and educated, into a public condition in which we must expect to be a nation of warriors, or be despised by other nations of the earth. Unless training were inculcated in the Schools, where were we to get that military impulse which makes Generals, and soldiers, and defenders of the country? Look at the first impressions of a boy; they would indicate, to a certain extent, what he would be when he came to manhood. A boy would long to know more of tactics, would practice it, and would learn more. If we had introduced military training into our Schools thirty years ago, we should not have been pained as we were to-day by the disasters which our country's cause repeatedly suffered. There would have been a taste for military tactics, and the rebellion would have been brought to an end long since.

The resolution was indefinitely postponed, by a vote of ayes twenty-six, noes twenty-five.

Mr. Alley explained that he was not Secesh, but ready, on the contrary, to start for the Rappahannock to-morrow. During a large portion of the last ten years he had been engaged in a county where it had been supposed a portion of the people recently were trying to get up a Jeff. Davis raid. In his village, (Petaluma,) ladies, some of them wives of the most respectable gentlemen residing there, had been insulted upon the streets by the villains deifying Jeff. Davis. He had found, where he attempted to introduce patriotic subjects or loyal songs, he so aroused that element as often to exclude certain children from his School. The gentleman from Sutter had remarked that if military training had been introduced into Schools thirty years ago, we should have been spared the pain of many a defeat. It might be true, yet it was certainly equally true

that had a good system of Public Schools been introduced in the Southern States, the results would have been far better. Military training was necessary, but mental training more so; and he was opposed to its introduction into the Schools to the injury of other branches whilst there was a generation growing up as rebellious and ignorant as their parents were before them.

Mr. R. E. Comins, of Calaveras, inquired what question it was that was agitating the public mind more than any other? It was the contest between the North and the South-and children would drill, whether parents and Teachers took the trouble to teach them or not. Little fellows only a few feet high were out in all of the mountain towns, constantly manoeuvring with their wooden guns, He believed it to be the duty of every Teacher in the State to acquaint himself with practical tactics sufficient to impart the manual of arms to the children under his instruction. It might not be all peace in future; we might be called upon, even in California, to fight for our country.

Mr. J. E. Wilbur, of Yolo, concurred in the remarks just made, and, in reference to the facts mentioned concerning the Secesh element seceding in consequence of singing a patriotic song; he recommended that they be allowed to secede, but that the loyal element be trained to coerce those Secessionists into obedience to law and more liberal principles. [Applause.]

Dr. F. O. Barstow, of Calaveras, said he was very much surprised at the introduction of the resolution just voted down. He was surprised that any Teacher of experience should occupy such a position. Military drill in all enlightened countries had been connected with the Public Schools—in Germany, in Poland formerly, in Russia, in all the countries of Europe. Military drill was introduced there even into the Private Schools. Not that those countries were representative, and that we, a peaceloving people, must follow in their footsteps, when our ambition was not to be a military people; but in order to have peace we must prepare ourselves for war, and where could we better prepare ourselves than by training children, to enable them to defend themselves against ignorance and superstition, and against the only great curse of the world-slavery? He had often thought of the ancient Roman's speech to his countrymen, for their country was reduced to slavery, and they were exerting themselves to become free again: "We are slaves! The bright sun rises in his course, and lights a race of slaves." They