141,349 francs; Menus-Plaisirs, 318,753 francs; Bouffes-du-Nord, 14,305 francs. The following have a deficit: Varieties, 122,468 francs; Gymnase, 19,592 francs; Palais Royal, 311,687 francs; Nouveautes, 114,078 francs; PorteSt.-Martin, 350,547 francs; Ambigu, 26,099 francs; Chatelet, 579,802 francs; Cluny, 129,897 francs; Bouffes-Parisiens, 24,244 francs; Dejazet, 5,280 francs; Beaumarchais, 35,793 francs. The authors' fees in the year were 24,816 francs more than in the preceding year.- -Lord Alfred Tennyson's drama of "Becket" was performed at Wimbledon, July 21, in the presence of the Prince and Princess of Wales and a distinguished company. The play was given in the open air, at the Sylvan Valley Woods. Genevieve Ward acted Queen Eleanor.- -A number of artists of the theaters of Munich recently addressed an indignant letter to the actor Kainz, because of his having published private correspondence between himself and the late King Ludwig, his patron. As a result, Kainz has been ostracized from the German stage.- -Lotta's handsome cottage, which she is erecting at an expense of $25,000 at Lake Hopatacong, will be completed in a few days. It is modeled after an old rambling English house of a hundred or more years ago, and is the idea of Lotta's mother, Mrs. Crabtree. Lotta is the richest actress in this country, if not in the world.- -Joseph Hatton's daughter Bessie is about to adopt the stage as a profession, being engaged for a tour in Shakespearean plays and old English comedies.- -Ellen Terry is so ill that she is not likely to play again this season.- -Miss Helen Dauvray sails from Liverpool for this city on August 14.- -Mrs. Langtry sails for America on September 18.- -In the twenty-one principal theater fires of modern times, from the destruction of the Schouwburg Theater in Amsterdam, in 1772, to the burning of the Ring Theater in Vienna, in 1881, a total of 6,548 victims are chronicled. Among the more appalling disasters may be given the Capo d'Istria Theater, with a loss of 1,000, in 1794; the Canton Theater, with a loss of 1,670, on May 25, 1845; and the Ring Theater in Vienna, with a loss of 1,100, on December 8, 1881. The Brooklyn fire on December 5, 1876, caused a loss of nearly 400.

MUSIC.

NOTES. Anton Rubinstein, at his last appearance at Berlin, donated one thou: sand marks to the Jewish Home for Aged in that city.- -The branch organizations of the American Opera Company throughout the United States are capitalized as follows: Boston and Chicago, each $100,000; Philadelphia, $50,000; Washington, $50,000; St. Louis, $50,000, Louisville, $25,000; Cleveland, $50,000. Other similar local organizations are in process of formation. Among the incorporators of the National Conservatory outside of New York are: Henry L. Higginson, Boston; Frank Thompson, Philadelphia; T. Harrison Garrett, Baltimore; A. Howard Hinkle, Cincinnati; N. K. Fairbanks, Chicago; Leopold Methudy, St. Louis; and Timothy Hopkins, San Francisco. "Thus,' in the language of the directors, "while the American Opera Company and the National Conservatory of Music maintain separate organizations, the Conservatory enables the Opera to rely permanently upon a supply of fresh and well-trained voices, and the Opera enables the Conservatory to depend upon a permanent outlet for the talent it develops.Under the head of a small gift, Mme. Patti received from one of the Rothschild's, on the occasion of her last marriage, a paper knife of pale amber-colored tortoise-shell, with a handle studded with diamonds. Imagination revels in the thought of what may be the donor's large gifts.- -Sarasate, the violinist, was asked to play at one of Lord Rothschild's musical evenings, but the violinist's agent asked such exorbitant pay for the occasion that even the modern Croesus declined the honor of his services. When asked to play at one of Mme. Patti's concerts, Sarasate declined on the plea that he only played where he was the chief attraction !- -The widow of Meyerbeer died lately at St. Petersburg, aged 80.-J. Powell Jones, whose name as author has appeared on some of the sweetest ballads of the day, and whose fame as a writer of songs is becoming generally known, is a Welshman. His trade is that of blacksmithing, and he works daily at his anvil in Youngstown, Ohio.

LITERARY.

A BURIED GENIUS.-Joseph Roux is an obscure priest, serving a flock of ignorant peasants in a French village. He has had no opportunities for culture beyond what his priest's education gave him. His lot has not allowed him to visit Paris, or to associate with men of letters. But he has just published a book of Thoughts," which is setting Paris wild; it is so fresh, sincere, brilliant, and profound. His is essentially a literary mind. These "Thoughts" are full of exquisite epigrams and keen criticisms. We quote a few sentences, translated in Blackwood:

Shakespeare: greater than history, as great as poetry, he alone would suffice for the literature of a nation.

Addison: Shakespeare is an ocean; Addison an aquarium.

Milton: he sings ecstacy like Gabriel, hatred like Lucifer, love like Eve, and repentance like Adam. Goldsmith: his "Vicar of Wakefield," translated by Charles Nodier, attaches itself to the memory as with nails of gold.

Goethe: a German loving-cup engraved at Corinth.

Schiller has put into drama history read in a dream.

Klopstock: a pall covered with silver tears.

Wieland has composed epics that are but ballads.

Burger: has composed ballads that are epics.

Voltaire: the mind of a courtier and the heart of a courtesan.

George Sand: like Circe, she changes all her lovers into beasts.

Exact stenography harms a discourse as photography harms a face. In order that face

and discourse should seem beautiful on canvas and parchment, they must be touched

up.

To us, with our vernacular education, it seems almost incomprehensible that one should come to the consciousness of all his literary judgments through the Latin. But Père Roux says, with all the enthusiasm of the old-fashioned humanists, who have gone out of fashion :

Oh! the splendid language! How I love it! I learned Latin with as much heart as though it had been the speech of my father and mother. I do not hold it in my memory; I have it in my entrails. I long thought in Latin in order to speak in French. My prose and my verse are full of Latinisms. Premeditated? No; come there by grace. -The Independent.

NOTES.-While a great many new books, which might be classified as "Summer Novels," have been issued from the publishers' presses this season, the total number is said to be below that of 1885. If any judgment can be recorded as to merit, the past season's books were superior to those of '86.- "Ned Buntline" (E. Z. C. Judson) died on the 16th inst., at his house in Stamford, New York. He is said to have made from $20,000 to $60,000 per year by his stories.Miss Amelia B. Edwards, of England, noted as an Egyptologist, has been honored by Smith College with the degree of LL.D. Miss Edwards deserves recognition as one of England's truly remarkable literary women.- -William T. Adams (Oliver Optic), the popular writer for boys, and author of more than one hundred books for them, has started on an extended tour of the West, including a tour of the lakes from Buffalo to Chicago. Mr. J. T. Trowbridge, another favorite of American lads, has just returned from California and a long trip northward.- -Mr. Ernest Ingersoll, the well-known writer for periodicals, will take the platform during the coming season, lecturing on topics of travel and geographical subjects.. The Catholic Publication Society Company will publish a new edition of "The Life of the Venerable Gerard Mary Majella," professed lay Brother of the Congregation of the Holy Redeemer.- -Miss Katharine E. Conway has associated herself with Mrs. Clara Erskine Clements in the production of "A Handbook of Christian Symbols and Stories of the Saints." (Ticknor & Company, Boston).- -Fasy & Comber, Philadelphia, announce a new edition, in an improved and gilded binding, of "Stories of Duty," by Maurice F. Egan.Father Jenkins announces, through Murphy & Co., Baltimore, a new edition of the "Judges of Faith: Christian vs. Godless Schools."- Mr. Edgar Fawcett's new book of poems," Romance and Revelry," just published by Messrs. Ticknor & Co., of Boston, contains a poem several hundred lines long, entitled "The Magic Flower." This work was completed by Mr. Fawcett no less than seventeen years ago. On finishing it he was wholly dissatisfied with it, and he has since rewritten it no less than three separate times, besides having constantly made minor changes in it here and there; so that he now gives it to the world after seventeen years of thoughtful probation.. Ticknor & Co. publish "A Moonlight Boy," by E. W. Howe; new editions of the same author's "Mystery of the Locks" and "Story of a Country Town;" "An Epigrammatic Voyage," by Denton J. Snider, recounting in blank verse an American scholar's rambles in Greece, and editions of Tennyson's and of Byron's "Childe Harold," with notes, by Mr. Wm. J. Rolfe.- -The Graphic News of Cincinnati proposes an illustrated volume on the Creoles of Louisiana, by a New Orleans journalist.- -Harper's for August contains an article by William Winter on the Jefferson family of actors.——— -The London Academy and Saturday Review have approving notices of Mr. John Coventry's novel, "After His Kind.". Rolfe's "Shakespeares" are making their way in India.—The American Philological Association will hold its 18th annual session at Ithaca, N. Y., July 13. A meeting of the Spelling Reform Association will be held in connection therewith.

-Mr.

-Potter & Coates, of Philadelphia, have in press "Joe Waring at Home," by Henry Castlemon; "Helping Himself," by Horatio Alger, Jr.; "Footprints in the Forest," by Edward S. Ellis; "Ways and Means," by Margaret Vandegrift, and "Holidays at the Grange," by Emily Myer Higgins.- The last Book-Buyer contains the portrait of Henry Schliemann.— The first volume of Edward Everett Hale's "Franklin in France" is promised for the autumn.--Mrs. Goodell, the wife of the late Rev. C. L. Goodell, D. D., of St. Louis, is busily at work, with the able co-operation of Rev. Prof. A. H. Currier, D. D., of Oberlin, in preparing a biography of Dr. Goodell.- -The Literary World's New York correspondent says that the Century company has secured, for publication next fall, a strikingly valuable series of papers on the Russian Penal System, by Mr. George Cannon, whom our Government sent to Russia and Siberia recently with gifts in acknowledgment of Russian aid rendered the Jeannette expedition. They are to be illustrated amply.- -Messrs. Lee & Shepard are about to publish another volume by Rev. C. F. Thwing, in the preparation of which he has had the assistance of Mrs. Thwing. It is a historical and philosophical study of the family and kindred topics. -The new free library at Rutland, Vt., was opened last week. It contains about 3,000 volumes, and portraits of General H. H. Baxter and Hon. S. M. Door hang, among others, upon its walls. The experiment is to be made of issuing the books uncovered. -Mr. E. I. Stevenson, of the Independent, is preparing a life of Charles Brockden Brown, and desires to communicate with any persons who possess letters or manuscripts by Mr. Brown. Mr. Thomas Hughes' memorial of the late Peter Cooper is to be circulated privately among the members of the Cooper family only, and a more elaborate memorial volume is to be prepared for the public. -The highly valuable library of M. Straschun, of Wilna, will soon be opened to the public."The Boy's Book of Famous Rulers," by Lydia Hoyt Farmer, will be published soon by T. Y. Crowell & Co. The author aims to give sketches of historical epochs as backgrounds for her biographical narratives.--A Western court has enjoined a local dealer from selling Grant's Memoirs at a price below the regular publisher's price. It was held that an agent had no right to sell a subscription book to a dealer to be resold.- -Benson J. Lossing has written a monograph on André and Hale, "The Two Spies," which the Appletons will publish soon. The same house also announce "A Politician's Daughter," by Myra Sawyer Hamlin, daughter of ex-Senator F. H. Sawyer and granddaughter by marriage of the Hon. Hannibal Hamlin; and “Studies in Modern Socialism and Labor Problems," by T. Edwin Brown, D. D., of Providence. Mr. W. Clark Russell has delivered the

manuscript of his new novel, "The Golden Hope: A Romance of the Deep," to Messrs. Tillotson & Son, of London, in whose hands the publication of the story has been placed. The tale, one of sea adventures, is said to surpass in strength of plot and literary workmanship any of the writer's previous stories.- Dr. Herbert B. Adams, editor of the excellent series of Johns Hopkins University Studies in Historical and Political Science, proposes to issue a series of extra volumes in addition to the regular annual series. The first of these will be "The Republic of New Haven: A History of Municipal Evolution."- -A "Dictionary of Boston," modeled after the celebrated "Dickens's Dictionary of London," is to be issued by Houghton, Mifflin & Co. It is compiled by Edwin M. Bacon, editor of the Boston Post and formerly of the Boston Advertiser. It promises to be the most comprehensive volume yet written about the Hub.- -Susan Coolidge has translated and adapted from the French Arnaud's "One Day in a Baby's Life " It will be published by Roberts Brothers, with reproductions of the colored illustrations.- 66 Not in the Prospectus," a novel of foreign travel by Parke Danforth will be published shortly in Houghton, Mifflin & Co.'s "Riverside Paper Series." It will be followed by Bishop's collection of sketches, "Choy Susan and Other Stories."- -The proceedings and addresses of the last annual meeting of the American Congress of Churches will be published at once by the Case, Lockwood & Brainard Co.--It is announced that the record of the military and naval services of graduates of Harvard to be prepared by Dr. F. H. Brown, and published by Cupples, Upham & Co., is nearing completion.- -Mr. Coombes has issued a paper-covered edition of afterdinner stories from Balzac.- -Matt Crim, a young lady who wrote the story "An Unfortunit Creetur," that appeared in a recent Century, has written a story for the McClure syndicate of newspapers.- -Crowell & Co. will publish immediately

"The Great Masters of Russian Literature in the Nineteenth Century."

WIT OF THE WEEK.

BISMARCK's physicians have advised him not to drink anything while speaking. If he takes this advice, he will have very little to say in the future.

AN aspirant for literary honors quotes the words "There is always room at the top." We are afraid that is peculiarly the truth in your case, dear child.—Judge. MISS CLEVELAND says that when she becomes an editor she will, so far from assuming conspicuity, live quietly with her maid. Here is a hint as to editorial life that during our long experience we have never thought of. By Jove! we shall immediately proceed to live quietly with ours.-Judge.

"I HAVE come here," says a Salvation Army lass, "to catch souls, not beaux." Undoubtedly; but the lass who assumes to have contempt for beaux isn't going to win their souls; they have some pride, we can tell her.-Judge.

CONNECTICUT has long been a cold, formal, conventional sort of a State, but we are pleased to note that a change for the better, a humanizing influence, a sympathetic nature, has begun to assert itself, and a man was lynched there Sunday.Washington Critic.

WHAT a shame it is that Congress must adjourn. Shall we ever see such a magnificent body of intellectual giants together again?

Let us hope not.-Life.

"That is of little moment," said the great philosopher, brushing a tear from his eye; "but I paid too much for it."

"Wouldn't the blame thing blow or did it all bust up?"

No, my dear boy, none of these; but in the commercial column of that evening's New England Courant I saw that whistles had declined twenty per cent. had bought mine early in the morning."-Estelline Bell.

WHEN Mr. Boozle landed in New York from a Liverpool steamer the other day, he gave every appearance of having had a long and severe tussle with the flowing bowl. A friend was on the dock to meet him, and when he perceived his condition he said:

"Are there water-tight compartments in your ship, Boozle?" "Betcher life; chuck full of 'em."

I thought so. And you had one, didn't you?"

EVENTS OF THE WEEK.

THURSDAY, JULY 22.

FRIDAY, JULY 23.

SATURDAY, JULY 24.

CONGRESSIONAL.-The Senate passes the Sundry Civil bill, and the House the New Naval Ship Construction bill.

FOREIGN.-Salisbury returns to London and begins preliminary work on the new cabinet. The Mexican revolution continues. The states of Tamaulipas and Nuevo Leon are in open rebellion. SUNDAY, JULY 25,

DOMESTIC.-The National Sengerfest, Milwaukee, closes.

A passenger train is fired on in Mississippi. Gen. J. H. Van Alen commits suicide from the steamship Umbria. Charles Lockwood, the murderer of Mattie Randell, is found hanging dead from a chest. nut tree about a mile from the Randell farm, near Waterbury, Conn., the scene of the tragedy. General Neal Dow addresses an immense assemblage of advocates of prohibition at Lake Sebago, Me. A young tourist meets a sad death in the White Mountains. The snow arch, one of the attractions of the region, falls without warning and suffocates him under tons of congealed snow.

FOREIGN.-No news of general interest.

MONDAY, JULY 26.

DOMESTIC-Interest in the Chicago anarchist trials intensifies. Another bomb is found secreted in Chicage. Two cattle herders are struck by lightning near Andrew Station, Neb., and instantly killed. Hubert O. Thompson, the New York county Democracy leader, is found dead in his bed, having been stricken with apoplexy.

CONGRESSIONAL.-The Senate passes the General Deficiency bill. The House discusses the N. P. Land Grant Forfeiture bill.

1

FOREIGN. There are rumors of a hitch in the forming of the Tory cabinet. Social Democrats are ready for martyrdom in England. Civil war among the Crofters. In the libel sult at London of Cyrus W. Field against James G. Bennett, the sheriff's jury award the plaintiff $25,000 damages. The defendant is condemned to pay all the costs of the suit. The deaths in Labrador and Newfoundland from cold and hunger are estimated at fifteen hundred. There is serious trouble among the Crofters.

TUESDAY, JULY 27.

DOMESTIC.-Important evidence is given against Spies and Schwab, the Chicago anarchists. Canadian detectives are alleged to have been watching the Chicago anarchists. W. P. Pierson, Cashier of the Baptist Publication Society, Philadelphia, Is charged with embezzlement amounting to $30,000. A negro woman, engaged to prepare a picnic dinner for a number of colored people at Tatuall county, Georgia, kills a child. roasts part of the body, and serves it. The picnickers discover the atrocious act and burn the woman at a stake.

CONGRESSIONAL.-The Senato spends most of the day in executive session. The House passes the N. P. Land Forfeiture bill, and strikes the Hennepin Canal out of the River and Harbor bill.

FOREIGN. The English Conservatives hold an influential gathering at the Carlton Club, where arrangements are made for the coming session. The French Cable shareholders have risen against the ruling of the directors, and propose holding a general meeting to discuss the present state of affairs and the possibility of forming a new Board of Directors. Twenty persons were killed and many wounded during the riot at Amsterdam. The Crofters are still under arms.

WEDNESDAY, JULY 28.

DOMESTIC.-A bitter feeling toward Mexico is predominant throughout Northern Texas, and the Cutting case is absorbing attention throughout the State. Gen. John B. Gordon is nominated for Governor by the Georgia Democra's. Further important testimony is given against the anarchists on trial in Chicago. Explosion of a torpedo on the U. S. Steamer Tennessee during a practico drill causes some loss of life and comes near sinking the ship. The President nominates Alvoy A. Adee, now Third Assistant Secretary of Slate, to be Second Assistant Secretary of State, vice William Hunter, deceased: John B. Moore, of Delaware, to be Third Assistant Secretary of State, and E. Spencer Pratt, of Alabama, to be Minister Resident and Consul-General of the United States to Persia.

CONGRESSIONAL.--Both Houses devote the day to Appropriation bills.

FOREIGN. The theater at Tinnevelly, British India, destroyed by fire. One hundred Hindoos are killed and many wounded. Further attempted riots are reported from Amsterdam.

VOL. I.

POLITICAL.

THE NEW SALISBURY CABINET.

THE general tenor of press comment on the new English ministry is indicated by the numerous extracts given below:

Various London Correspondents, July 31.

G. W. SMALLEY, writing to the New York Tribune, calls it "a cabinet of makeshifts," and says that it is distinctly inferior in ability and political authority to the outgoing ministry. He criticises the members in detail. "Lord Iddesleigh, as foreign secretary, is, confessedly, a weak appointment."

"Sir Michael Hicks

Beach, as Irish secretary, signifies nothing." "Still more colorless is the selection of the Marquis of Londonderry as viceroy." Lord Randolph Churchill has now climbed, with a rapidity for which there are few precedents, nearly to the summit of his ambition. It is but a step from the leadership of the house to the office of prime minister. The city, which here means the financial world, views his accession to the chancellorship of the exchequer with a certain distrust. He is, or was, a protectionist, and has advocated, in times past, sweeping changes in existing methods of finance; but nobody doubts his capacity and industry, while his intimate relations with the Rothschilds are thought likely to sober his financial views. The Tory budget, like other Tory measures, must now be so framed as to secure the support of Lord Hartington and Mr. Goschen, both of whom are Conservatives in finance the latter, next after Mr. Gladstone, being the ablest financier living." "Mr. Matthews, at the home office, is the greatest surprise of all. He is a Roman Catholic, with reported home-rule leanings, but his eminence is purely professional. He is a man of great resolution and vigor of character, who has his spurs to win in politics." It is quite likely that a place will be found for Sir Richard Cross, though the appointment of Mr. Matthews is said to have been Lord Randolph Churchill's device for getting rid of Sir Richard. The Tories are already trying to conciliate the Parnellites, and, it is said, are ready to promise that, if the estimates are passed in August and Parliament allowed to adjourn till February, the ministry will employ the interval in devising benevolent measures for Ireland. The correspondent of the New York Times quotes a saying of Sir Wilfred Lawson, to the effect that the Tories and Unionists would get on very well together so long as they avoided the thorny subjects of politics and religion. This correspondent says that the members of Lord Hartington's wing of the Unionists are already greatly disgusted that the leadership of the house should have been given to Churchill. Mr. Chamberlain, on the other hand, is represented as plotting with Lord Randolph, and as being well satisfied with the situation. While it is admitted that nobody knows what Mr. Gladstone intends to do, the correspondent of the Times thinks that he will begin his opposition at once, and force the Tories to show their hands on the Irish question, whether they like it or not. "A Member of Parliament," writing to the Herald, thinks that Gladstone's day is over, and that he can never recover from the "knock-down blow" he received at the last election. This is an extreme view, not shared by other correspondents, who fully expect him to return to power. Justin McCarthy has little to say about the cabinet, except about the Irish appointments. He hints that Mr. Matthews is not likely to be popular, partly because he has not, in a political sense, earned his appointment, and partly because he once used the Fenian vote to get himself elected to Parliament, and then forgot all about Ireland and her claims. Lord Londonderry is a descendent of the hated Castlereagh. He also once courted the votes of the home rulers Sir Michael HicksBeach is considered "merely a respectable mediocrity." Mr. O'Kelly thinks that Lord Randolph Churchill will manage the administration, and that he will "make a bold bid for Irish support on a large measure of home rule, disguised under the name of local government." He predicts that Gladstone will not give the Tories seven months of government free from parliamentary control, and that he and his followers will not consent to a prorogation beyond October.

Courrier des Etats-Unis (Ind.), N. Y., July 31.

[Translated for PUBLIC OPINION.]

ALL the interest which attaches to the composition of the new English ministry, of which Lord Salisbury is the chief, is condensed in the four following names: Lord Randolph Churchill, chancellor of the exchequer; Lord Iddesleigh, minister of foreign affairs; the Marquis of Londonderry, viceroy of Ireland, and Sir Michael Hicks-Beach, secretary for Ireland. Outside of this group, which sums up the policy of the new cabinet, what is most significant is the absence of all participation of the Unionist members of the Liberal party, which separated themselves from Mr. Gladstone upon the Irish question, and who are, besides, all opponents of the Tory party. The thought which naturally arises in the mind is that such a ministry, without a majority and without a programme, has every possible chance of making a colossal fiasco. On the other hand, it is not possible to see greater reasons for success in the elements of which this ministry is composed, and which we have just indicated. It results from this composition, indeed, that new government intends, above all, to give its attention to internal affairs, while holding itself in an expectual and conservative attitude as regards foreign affairs,

No. 17.

and that, in respect to the former, it will assume an energetic deportment toward Ireland. Lord Salisbury should content himself with what he has found in the Tory party, composed of unadulterated mediocrities, and from which he has made fruitless efforts to attract a few men of value to the casual conjuncture to which he owes a "second-hand" success. The Liberals promise themselves an easy revenge for the defeat which their party has sustained upon the Irish question. Mr. Gladstone, it is said, far from being discouraged, is resolved to reopen the contest at once, and to prosecute it energetically during the whole session, which he will endeavor strongly to prolong up to the month of October.

Boston Journal (Rep.), August 3.

THE three critical places in Lord Salisbury's cabinet are the foreign secretaryship, the office of chief secretary for Ireland, and the leadership of the House of Commons, which is coupled with the office of chancellor of the exchequer. The foreign secretary will have to shape and direct the policy of the government in such a way as to meet the schemes of Russia, which may at any time develop in a manner to call for prompt action and to make the loss of prestige the penalty of delay. The chief secretary for Ireland enters upon his duties at a time when the Irish people, disappointed for the present in their anticipations of home rule, are more than ordinarily sensitive and suspicious. There are old antipathies of race and religion, already dangerously active, which may break out in open revolt. Everything depends upon the aspect of the new administration, whether it wears the guise of a friend or a foe. As for the chancellor of the exchequuer, he will not only have to devise a budget which must bear the criticism of such a master of finance as Mr. Gladstone, but as leader of the House of Commons, and supported by a minority only of its members, he must have tact and discretion if he is to avert the overthrow of the ministry. When we consider the nature of the duties of these three offices, and then look at the men whom Lord Salisbury has selected to fill them, we perceive what excellent ground there is for the criticisms which are passed upon his work.

Boston Fost (Dem.), July 31.

THERE is a disposition on the part of many American journals to believe that Lord Salisbury's Irish appointments mean a return to the regime of coercion. Such a conclusion is hardly justified by circumstances. In the first place, we have Lord Salisbury's own announcement of a forthcoming scheme for local self-government in Ireland-an announcement which no mere appointments alone should discredit. Again, it is evident that in the Marquis of Londonderry the Irish will have for viceroy an eminent nobody, with a pretty and popular wife, who can play an ornamental role and not attempt to interfere in serious affairs of state. Sir Michael Hicks-Beach is, it is true, no friend of Ireland; on the other hand, he has not force of character enough to become a dangerous enemy. He will probably be simply a bureaucratic puppet in the hands of the government at Westminster, and, if conciliation is decided upon, his own ideas of coercion will have to give As to the insult to Ireland of appointing a descendant of Castlereagh as viceroy, of which some of the correspondents make so much, it was probably wholly unintentional. In any case, the Marquis of Londonderry will be judged by sensible Irishmen more by what he himself does than by what his kinsman has done. New Yorker Staats-Zeitung, (Ind.), July 30.

way.

[Translated for PUBLIC OPINION.]

Or the individual appointments that of Lord Randolph Churchill claims the most prominent notice. The career of this young politician, who, in everything, even that of being ridiculed at the outset, has taken as his exemplar the renowned Tory leader, Disraeli, with his appointment as chancellor of the exchequer, has reached a decided solstitial point. That Churchill, with all his many laughable peculiarities, has in him the material for a serious and skillful leader, he has already fully established in the first Salisbury ministry, where he filled the highly responsi ble office of secretary for India during the Afghan and Burmanese troubles in a manner worthy of the highest appreciation. Despite of this, the "mad-brained Hotspur" will encounter at the beginning of his new avocation strong prejudices, and sceptics who may characterize as " burlesque" his appointment as leader of the finance department, and with it of parliamentary affairs. These, with difficulty only, will be convinced that with the fire of youthful impetuosity he combines a wise and mature judgment.

Boston Herald (Ind.), August 3.

THE dissatisfaction expressed, even by members of the Conservative party in England, at the manner in which Lord Salisbury has formed his ministry, is likely to increase rather than diminish as time goes on. A minority government is, even under the best of parliamentary conditions, an unsatisfactory form of control. The political partisans who are not in office can not understand why their responsible leaders consider it necessary to adopt a policy which is markedly colored by inertia and timidity, and demand a vigorous expression of party sentiment; while those in office are painfully impressed by the necessity of practicing conciliatory methods in order that they may continue to hold their parliamentary majority. Frequent exhibitions of the difficulties which minority governments encounter have been given in the experience of one or two of the continental nations, notably in

that of France, and from these one may form some idea of what Lord Salisbury and his associates will have to contend with, even assuming that the composition of the ministry was in all respects satisfactory to the party.

Philadelphia Telegraph (Rep.), August 2.

THE suggestion that Lord Randolph Churchill is going to startle British propriety by formulating for the Salisbury government an Irish home-rule scheme is interesting, If anybody connected with the present British ministry is capable of doing a bold stroke like this in the Beaconsfield line, Lord Randolph is the man. He has the audacity and the unscrupulousness necessary for such a feat, and maybe he has the ingenuity. As for Lord Salisbury, he has in the past had no difficulty in following just such a lead as Lord Randolph is now reported to be attempting; and we should say that, as regards any scheme hatched by the scion of the house of Churchill, it must be more a matter of pride and expediency with him than of principle, whether he will let Lord Randolph have whatever glory may attach to a serious Tory attempt to settle the Irish question without bloodshed. Meanwhile, Mr. Gladstone and his allies, to say nothing of Mr. Parnell and his following, must be watching the present movements in the Tory camp with very particular interest. Philadelphia Times (Ind.), August 2.

HAVING given his relatives and friends good places in Salisbury's cabinet and taken the leadership of the House of Commons for himself, it would not be out of keeping with Lord Randolph Churchill's character if he should insist upon giving Ireland a measure of local government scarcely less adequate than would have been afforded by Mr. Gladstone's home-rule bill. Lord Randolph is not only a man of surprises, but of extremes. It would afford him pleasure to astonish While the apfriends and enemies alike by such a course if he is sure of success. pointment of his cousin of Londonderry is at once a menace and an insult to Ireland at his hands, to make the representatives of the blood of Castlereagh of the Union the gift-bearer of its practical repeal would be to make this hated appointment contribute to his own popularity and add to the splendor of his achieve

ment.

Montreal Gazette, July 31.

LORD RANDOLPH CHURCHILL'S assumption of the leadership in the Commons will certainly strengthen the government in debate. If not always the most discreet of men, the chancellor of the exchequer can be wary when he likes, and his courage will be a bulwark to withstand Gladstone's browbeating. Whether the contempt that he professes for the opposition leader and ex-premier be sincere or not, it gives him a force in controversy which is lacking to those whose invective is often checked by a sneaking regard for the character of the Grand Old Man. Neither Lord Iddesleigh, before he left the House of Commons, nor Sir M. HicksBeach, nor any of the elder generation of politicians who knew Mr. Gladstone before Oxford discarded him, could ever use toward him the freedom of speech which, with Lord Randolph, is a matter of course.

New York Sun (Dem.), July 30.

New York Tribune (Rep.), August 2.

Harper's Weekly (Ind.) for August 7.

Stuart Mill in the contest for Westminister, and a laboring man, a member of Mr. Mill's committee, referred to the fact in a speech made after the result of the election was declared. "Men of Westminster," he said, "you have digraced yourselves eternally. You have turned out the man that wrote the great papers and the great books, and put in his place the counter-jumper who sold them." Toledo Blade (Rep.), August 2.

THE most important of all of Salisbury's appointments, by all odds, is that of Lord Churchill to the chancellorship of the exchequer. He has had no experience in the matter of financial management to speak of, and it seems a great risk to place him in a position of such great responsibility, but he has succeeded so many times when he was expected to fail that he may do so here. It is certain that he is a man of ability, pluck, and courage. He has also an audacity which carries him through difficult places. His education is limited, and he has few gifts of oratory, and yet he must possess some brains and great good luck or he could never have made such rapid strides forward as he has done. The Liberal-Unionists will be especially chagrined by this appointment.

Newark News (Dem.), August 2.

THERE are some very remarkable features in the circumstances surrounding the appointment of Henry Matthews as home secretary under the Salisbury administration. A new man, wholly untried in political life, his appointment has been somewhat of a surprise all around. It is now intimated that the Queen suggested the appointment because she was charmed by his vindication, in the Crawford trial, of the sanctities of English home life. It is quite possible that this is the correct solution of the matter, for her majesty picked out, at one time, an obscure clergyman, and steadily elevated him to the highest dignities of the Church of England, merely because he preached a very eulogistic funeral sermon at the time of Prince Albert's death.

Omaha Bee (Rep.), July 31.

LORD SALISBURY has finally succeeded in filling up his cabinet with Tory representatives, and a botched-up piece of workmanship it is. Nothing more clearly shows the wretched timber in the party than the selection of what must be presumed to be its best choice for the purposes of government. Sir Michael HicksBeach, Bookseller W. H. Smith, and, worst of all, the landlord representative of the landholding interest, Londonderry, as Irish viceroy. Lord Iddlesleigh gives respectability, Randolph Churchill audacity, and Salisbury experience. The remainder are chiefly distinguishable for their absence of any marked quality, except obstruction to progress-political, social, and moral.

New Orleans States (Dem.), July 30.

TAKEN all round, Salisbury's new ministry is a moderately fair one; but it is open to the serious objection of not utilizing, by any means, the best strength of the Conservative party, that it is ludicrously weak where it should and could have been strong, and that it is, undeniably, strong where strength is not a necessity. As to the intentions of the government toward Ireland, little of a forecast can be drawn from the personnel of the ministry, or the particular assignments to office; but the omission of Carnarvon from the list, and the allotment of Hicks-Beach to the Irish secretaryship, are not an augury of much active benevolence of spirit toward that country.

St. Louis Globe-Democrat (Rep.), August 2.

COMPARED with Derby and Disraeli among recent chieftains, Churchill appears mediocre indeed. He lacks the astuteness and magnetism of the latter, and he is conspicuously deficient in the learning, dignity of character, and thorough knowl edge of statecraft which gave the former such a leading place among British publicists of his day. But there is reason to believe that he possesses at least one attribute which distinguished Disraeli. No political convictions, however tenaciously adhered to for a time, would be likely to restrain him from adopting any policy which promised to bring success and prestige to himself and his party. Brooklyn Eagle (Dem.), July 30.

for mercy.

TO MAKE the situation yet more absurd the leadership of the party in the House of Commons is transferred to the little terrier whose yapping Mr. Gladstone used to convert at will, with a single dignified pat, into the most ignominious squeaks A House of Commons in which Lord Churchill heads the ministry and Mr. Gladstone the opposition is a spectacle contrived very handsomely to make an extended suffrage ludicrous. Between the boys and their grandmothers who constitute the present government of the Empire there will be plenty of fun made for the entertainment of the defeated democracy.

Detroit Free Press (Dem.), July 31.

THE true and far-seeing friends of Ireland feel that the fate of that country is now largely in the hands of that people. By governing themselves wisely in this crisis, by restraining hatred, violence, and passion, they will wrest self-government from the British government by the irresistible power of a public opinion satisfied with their capacity to exercise it. If, in view of its importance, they cannot rule themselves now, the Conservatives would say, they prove what we have always maintained in regard to their incapacity, once they were allowed the opportunity to run riot and to get their hands free to cut throats.

Boston Transcript (Ind.), July 30.

THE Salisbury ministry exposes the intrinsic weakness in the point of statesman. ship and leadership of the Tory party. Run over the newly-elected members of the House of Commons and see how many of its most distinguished men are not included among Salisbury's cabinet associates! The head and representative spokesman of the government in the Commons, young Lord Randolph Churchill, has never yet really attained the dignity of being taken seriously by British public opinion. Only in a passing gust of political passion could he seem for a moment

fit to succeed to Gladstone's station.

New Orleans Times-Democrat (Dem.), July 30.

WE ARE curious to see how Mr. Gladstone will deal with the new chancellor of the exchequer, who, in all debates on financial questions, will have to face, illequipped as he is, one of the greatest financiers England has ever had. Mr. Gladstone, no less than Lord Randolph Churchill, is a master of invective, and there is every reason to expect that he will use every legitimate weapon of political warfare. Whatever may happen, the debates of the new House of Commons are sure not to be dull, and they are equally sure to be as fiery as personal hatred and partisan passion can make them.

Cleveland Plain Dealer (Dem.), August 2.

LORD SALISBURY'S cabinet does not seem to suit his party at all. They don't like the prominent place Lord 'Randolph Churchill has in the cabinet. They are afraid the noble lord, in one of his fits of indiscretion, will smash things, and they have good reasons for their fear. He is liable to break out any time. However, the marquises, and dukes, and noble lords have arranged things to their own satisfaction, at least. In defense of their class and order against the uprising of the English democracy they will hold together as long as they can, but it can not be for a great while.

New York World (Dem.), August 3.

As far as can be judged by the past, the honesty of Mr. Matthews' political career is on a par with that of his private life. Elected to Parliament in 1868, on a home-rule ticket, he gave vent to anti-Irish opinions as soon as he had secured his seat, and broke all the promises which he had made to his constituents. His career is an exceedingly interesting one, being full of uncertainties. Elected to the present Parliament on a Tory and Unionist ticket, who knows but what he may soon blossom forth into a home ruler-nay, even, perhaps, into a full-blown Fenian?

Worcester Spy (Rep.), July 31.

THE Marquis of Londonderry is of consequence only by reason of his rank and wealth, both of which he inherited from the hated Castlereagh. Except for these he would never have been thought of for the office. His ancestor's treason is not his fault, but his name is inseparably associated with the memory and odium of it in the hearts of Irishmen. Putting him at the head of the Irish government is felt by all patriotic Irishmen as an affront and a wanton insult. It shows either almost incredible obtuseness, or a brutal disregard of the feelings of the Irish people.

Indianapolis News (Ind.), July 30.

HIGH-CLASS brains are scarce in the Tory party, and it must be remembered that Salisbury didn't want to form a government at all, but with the Queen endeavored to have Hartington do the job. So, with no clear party majority and a cabinet knocked together out of the best material he could get, he must be credited with a courageous undertaking. If he will refrain from doing two things we will forgive him the past, and they are, not to oppress Ireland nor the United States. He is as likely to do the latter under the Canadian trouble as the former.

Detroit Tribune (Rep.), August 1.

THE personnel of the new ministry is, on the whole, good; but there are some appointments that seem almost certain to lead to mischief. The designation of the rash and headstrong Lord Randolph Churchill as a leader in the House of Commons is far from assuring. If he doesn't precipitate his party into trouble by intemperate speech and action it will be because sericus responsibility has wonderfully sobered him. There are one or two other misfits in the make-up of the cabinet; but, as a whole, it is as good as the Tory party can furnish.

Cincinnati Times-Star (Ind.), July 30.

SIR MICHAEL HICKS-BEACH, as chief secretary for Ireland, is especially objectionable. Meanwhile, the attitude of the Parnellites bodes no good to the new government, if Mr. Dillon laid down their policy correctly in his address to the National League Committee. It is, he said," to practically treat the Irish landlords as hostages for the good behavior of the English Tory government, coercion to be met by war against all rents." The Tory government is, as ever, inclined to resort to coercion, and the Irish are more than ever inclined to resist it.

New York Times (Ind.), August 2.

A PROTECTIONIST chancellor of the exchequer will be a novelty in the English House of Commons. Lord Randolph Churchill may recant, under the responsibilities of office, the professions of protectionism which he made as a private member of the House. Mr. Labouchere was not much out of the way when he assumed that the aspiring Tory "regretted about two-thirds of his public utterances." If, however, he undertakes to put protection in his budget, under the name of "fair trade," he will have a vigorous backing.

New York Mail and Express (Rep.), July 30.

MR. MATTHEWS is a Liberal, as his political history shows, and a home ruler, as his own words prove. He desires that in the government and administration of Ireland the opinions of Irishmen should be "consulted and followed." That is the crucial point. Home rule is not a geographical notion. It is the government of Ireland in accordance with the views and wishes of the Irish people, just as England is governed upon England's own sense of what is wise, right, or expedient.

The Irish World, July 31.

AS FOR the Irish party their duty is clear and we have no doubt they will do it bravely. If coercion is attempted they will resist it with all the energy and all the methods at their disposal. On the question of home rule they will listen to no compromise. They will accept nothing less than what Gladstone offered them, and in this position they will be backed by all Ireland and the Irish race all over the globe, by a powerful party in Great Brilain, and by the sympathy of the world.