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the sand and depositing it on the outer bar. In addition, the point at the head of the cut should be dredged away in order to straighten the channel, which, together with the necessary revetment, will require an additional appropriation of $10,000.

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Amount required for completion....

Required for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1871....

(See Appendix B 8 and B 12.)

$46, 648 92

22, 160 30

24, 488 62

$10,000 00

10, 000 00

9. Saugatuck Harbor, Michigan, (Mouth of Kalamazoo River.)—Nothing was done at this harbor during the fiscal year. In the present working season it is proposed to revet the left bank of the river for a distance of 2,700 feet, as recommended by a board of engineer officers convened for the consideration of the project for this harbor. The present piers at the mouth of the river were built by the local authorities, and they have contracted the stream so much that at high water in the river the piers are much endangered. To obviate this it is proposed to build a north pier and interior revetment, and to remove the present slab revetment. These improvements would cost $75,000. Allotted from appropriation of 1868 Allotted from appropriation of 1869

$23,900 00

6,100 00

30, 000 00

Additional amount required, and which can be profitably expended during the fiscal year ending June 30, 1871.. $75, 000 00

(See Appendix B 9 and B 13.)

10. South Haven Harbor, Michigan.-Eight cribs (32' x 20') have been placed on the prolongation of the north pier and the superstructure built upon them. The outer crib of the north pier (carried away in a storm last spring) has been replaced and ballasted with stone. To complete the proposed improvement of this harbor, the piers should be extended each 400 feet, at a cost of $52,000. The old slab pier should be removed to widen the entrance to the river, and the channel dredged to a depth of 12 feet. These two items would cost $30,000. Amount on hand July 1, 1868...

Expended during the fiscal year.

Balance on hand July 1, 1869..

$13, 315 11 11, 147 55

2,167 56

which will be entirely exhausted in payment for work done. Amount required for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1871. $72,000 00

(See Appendix B 10.)

11. St. Joseph's Harbor, Michigan.-No work has been done at this place in the last fiscal year. The expenditures were for work already done. It has become evident from experience, that the present direction of the piers is erroneous. They should be placed in the actual direction

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taken by the current of the river after it leaves the end of the present south pier, about north, 78° west, from the present west end of that pier. To permanently improve the harbor the south pier should be extended for a distance of 928 feet in this direction, and a north pier should be built parallel to it for a length of 940 feet. These two piers, it is estimated, would cost $116, 666.

Amount on hand July 1, 1868
Expended during the fiscal year

On hand July 1, 1869....

$7,500 00 6,978 75

521 25

Amount required for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1871. $80,000 00

(See Appendix B 11.)

HARBORS ON LAKE HURON, IMPROVEMENT OF ST. MARY'S RIVER, AND OF THE ST. CLAIR FLATS.

Officers in charge, Brevet Major General T. J. Cram, colonel corps of .engineers, retired; assistant, Captain H. C. Wharton, corps of engi

neers.

1. Improvement of St. Mary's River, Michigan.-During the past fiscal year the work for the improvement of the navigation of this river has been confined entirely to dredging in the middle channel of Lake George, in accordance with the original plan of making a channel 200 feet wide and 14 feet deep. It is expected that at the close of the present working season this work will be completed and the contract closed. The officer in charge reports that during the fiscal year there were excavated and removed 76,342 cubic yards of clay and sand. Amount expended on the work during the fiscal year ending June 30, 1869...

Amount available July 1 for continuing the work.

$38, 053 10

14, 799 47

Special surveys have been made of other points in the St. Mary's River where improvements are required. The officer in charge estimates that to increase the channel to the necessary width and depth at these several localities will cost as follows:

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Amount required annually to keep the improvements in good condition, when completed....

Amount that could profitably be expended during the next

fiscal year...

(See Appendix C.)

141, 021 00

$10,000 00

60, 000 00

2. Improving mouth of Au Sable River, Michigan, Lake Huron.-During the working season of 1868, thirty cribs were constructed and placed in position in line of piering. At the close of the season there were 240

linear feet of crib-work on the north side and 660 feet on the south. At the opening of the present season, damages caused by the gales and ice of the winter were repaired.

Amount available July 1, 1868..
Amount expended to June 30, 1869.

Amount available July 1, 1869...

$45, 502 38

31, 794 46

13, 707 92

The officer in charge reports that during the present working season he expected to extend the north pier by two cribs and the south by three cribs; to fill a breach made in the south pier with two cribs, and to complete the filling and superstructure on both lines of piers. Amount required to complete the improvement according to original design.......

Annual amount required to keep this harbor open after completion of work.

(See Appendix C.)

$20,000 00

3,000 00

3. Improvement of mouth of Saginaw River, Michigan, Lake Huron.This work was completed on the 9th October, 1868, to the full extent contracted for. Dredging has been done throughout a length of 6,800 feet, giving a channel of 195 feet in width and 12 feet in depth "below the low stage during the calm weather of navigation.

Amount available July 1, 1868....

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Amount allotted from general appropriation of 1868...

$28, 149 29

9,000 00

37, 149 29

Amount expended during fiscal year, $36,043 54, leaving a small balance available for contingencies. The engineer in charge estimates that $1,500 will be required annually to keep the channel in good condition. (See Appendix C.)

4. St. Clair Flats, Lake St. Clair.-The total length of the proposed canal is about 8,200 feet; width between dikes, 300 feet; depth of water, 13 feet-below lowest stage known during navigation. Up to the close of the last fiscal year, June 30, 1869, there had been dredged about 4,320 linear feet of the canal bed to the full width and depth-the earth being placed in the banks-and about 7,028 linear feet of dike revetments and banks have been constructed.

Amount available from specific appropriation of 1866 and

1867, on July 1, 1868..

Allotment from appropriation of 1868.

Allotment from appropriation of 1869.

Total....

$214, 427 28

86,000 00 144, 000 00

444, 427 28

Amount expended during fiscal year ending June 30, 1869 179,786 82

Available July 1, 1869...

264, 640 46

The officer in charge estimates that in addition to this sum there will be required to complete the improvement $15,000, and an annual appropriation for repairs of $1,500. (See Appendix C.)

HARBORS ON LAKE ERIE, WEST OF DUNKIRK.

Officer in charge, Major Walter McFarland, corps of engineers.

1. Monroe Harbor, Michigan.-Nothing has been done here; though since the close of the year the work of dredging the bar and protecting the north pier has been let, to be completed probably by the beginning of winter.

Balance June 30, 1868..

Expended during the fiscal year.

On hand July 1, 1869..

No further appropriation is asked. (See Appendix D.)

$10,590 21 178 73

10, 411 48

2. Harbor of Toledo, Maumee Bay, Ohio.-Nineteen thousand one hundred cubic yards of sand were removed from the channel. The project of a straight ship canal through Maumee Bay, which was submitted by General Cram, was referred by me to a board of engineers, which recommended in its stead the improvement of the western channel by dredging. The recommendation of the board was approved by me, and the reports were submitted to the Secretary of War, and by him transmitted to Congress. Since the termination of the year an allotment of $30,000 has been made for dredging the western channel, which will be expended by the close of navigation. To put this channel in condition suitable to the magnitude of the commerce of Toledo and its rapid growth, there will be required, in addition, $120,000.

Balance June 30, 1868...

Expended during the fiscal year.

Balance July 1, 1869...

(See Appendices D 1 and D 2.)

$13, 015 01

10,715 51

2,299 50

3. Sandusky River, Ohio.-The operations of the year have consisted in cutting channels sixty feet wide and eight feet deep through the first shoal place below Whitacie Bar, through the bar off Squaw Island, and the bar at the mouth of the river-removing altogether 27,353 cubic yards of material.

Balance June 30, 1868...

Expended during the fiscal year..

On hand July 1, 1869....

$8,340 21

7,990 77

349 44

There could be profitably expended in improving these channels in the coming year, $20,000. (See Appendix D 3.)

4. Sandusky City Harbor, Ohio.-The channel over the outer bar has been widened to two hundred and forty feet during the year, and deepened to twelve feet, excepting in two places where the depth is eleven feet six inches. The balance of the appropriation is to be applied to the improvement of the channel over the inner bar. To make this channel two hundred and fifty feet wide an additional appropriation of ten thousand dollars is needed.

Balance June 30, 1868..
Expended during the fiscal year..

On hand July 1, 1869..

$24, 353 76 13, 988 70

10,365 06

All of which will be expended during the present season in deepening the channel over the inner bar. Required for the next fiscal year, $10,000. (See Appendix D 4.)

5. Huron Harbor, Ohio.-Nothing has been done in the improvement of this harbor during the past fiscal year. Since its close, however, estimates of the cost of necessary repairs in both piers have been made, advertised, and the work let, to be completed this fall.

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To be applied to further repairs as the necessity for them arises, which will not probably amount to more than $1,500 per year. No further appropriation is asked. (See Appendix D 5.)

6. Vermillion Harbor, Ohio.-Nothing has been done since the close of the last fiscal year, the piers being in very good condition, and giving no indications of needing further repairs very soon. The appropriations and allotments for this work are exhausted. Probable annual cost of keeping the piers in repair, $1,000. (See Appendix D 6.)

7. Black River Harbor, Ohio.-Nothing has been done here during the past year; but the work of repairing the west pier is now in progress. The channel in July of 1869 was twelve feet deep, or about ten and a half feet deep at low water-an increase of two feet over the depth reported in November last.

Available June 30, 1868...

Expended during the fiscal year..

On hand July 1, 1869......

No further appropriation is required. (See Appendix D 7.)

$10,000 00 24 58

9,975 42

8. Cleveland Harbor, Ohio.-The west pier has been completed, and the east pier extended so far that its completion may be expected in September.

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All of which will be expended this year in completing the pier extension. Required, as by previous reports, to give fourteen feet draught, $39,000, which can be profitably expended during the fiscal year. (See Appendix D 8.)

9. Grand River Harbor, Ohio.-The east pier extension has been completed and the effect has been to give an average increase of depth of two feet in the channel. Further improvement is deferred until it

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