this season, and will form the principal work of the year. The timberwork above the water of the old south pier is all very much decayed, and unless repaired during the next season will be leveled to the surface by the water. There was appropriated for this harbor in 1866 Total.... Of which there was unexpended on the 30th June, 1869... $75, 461 41 5,400 00 80, 861 41 $5,890 81 This amount will be expended during the present season. 11. Chicago Harbor, Illinois-Lake Michigan.-The building of the south pier and its extension as far as the light-house pier, a distance of 610 feet, has been contracted for, and the greater portion of it will be done this season. This extension should be carried on until the south pier is equal in length to the north pier. This will require the construction of 600 feet of pier-work, that may be composed of cribs 20 feet wide for 500 feet, and the remaining 100 feet of cribs 25 feet wide, filled with stone. The cost of this 600 feet may be estimated at $70 per running foot, or for the entire addition, $42,000. Adding $3,000 for superintendence, there will be required for the next fiscal year $45,000. During the fiscal year the north pier was fully completed; the end of pier being in water 23 feet deep. It has been considered advisable to protect the head of the pier by covering the end with 12-inch square timbers firmly bolted to the end of pier, filling up the cribs with stone, covering the pier with a coating of coal-tar, and driving seven clumps of fender-piles around the end of pier. This work, with the work of building the south pier for at least 600 feet, will form the probable progress for the season. Surveys have been made and projects are being prepared with a view to affording greater safety to the commerce of this important harbor. There was appropriated for this harbor in 1866.. Allotted from the appropriation of 1868 Allotted from the appropriation of 1869 Total.... Of which there was expended on June 30, 1869 $88, 704 00 35,000 00 30, 000 00 153, 704 00 $66, 869 57 12. Michigan City Harbor, Indiana-Lake Michigan.-During the fiscal year ending June 30, 1869, 352 feet of pier have been built, 708 feet of sheath-piling constructed, and 111,080 cubic yards of earth removed by dredging. Of this 352 feet 96 feet were added to the eastern pier and 256 to the western. It is proposed during the present season to finish the sheath-piling recommended in previous reports, build not less than 288 feet of pier, and continue the dredging. This will more than complete the work recommended excepting the pier work. In the original recommendation the length of piers was based upon the amount of money appropriated, and it was proposed to add 288 feet to the eastern and 320 to the western pier. With the means now available 242 feet can be added to the eastern pier and 498 feet to the western. These additions bring out the piers nearly equal in length, give a depth of 12 feet at the entrance, and form, in the aggregate, more pier work than was recommended. Experience at this place has shown that the extension of the western pier was of more importance, even, than carrying out the east ern one, and has led to reducing the length of one and adding to the other. A further extension of piers might be advantageous, but no recommendation for this project is made at the present time. There was appropriated for this harbor in 1866- Total $75,000 00 25,000 00 31, 500 00 131,500 00 Of which there was unexpended on the 30th June, 1869... $57, 422 12 13. New Buffalo Harbor, Michigan-Lake Michigan.-The work during the fiscal year was devoted to opening a new cut through to Lake Michigan and close-piling the sides of this channel. Although successful in carrying the cut through from Lake Pottawatomie into Lake Michigan, the action of the waves of the latter lake was such as to close it up by the drift of sand. This was done several times. It is proposed to make a dam across the mouth or near the outlet of the Galien River and force this stream to go through the new cut. This will be done this season, and work will be suspended to notice its action and watch the results. There was appropriated in 1867.... Of which there was unexpended on June 30, 1869. $60,000 00 7,161 50 14. Survey of the harbor of Charlevoix, Michigan, Lake Michigan.-In compliance with the request of the Hon. T. W. Ferry, member of Congress, and with the approbation of the honorable Secretary of War, a survey of the harbor of Charlevoix, Michigan, has been made, with a plan for its improvement and estimate of the cost, &c. The estimated cost of the improvement of the harbor is, in round numbers, $200,000, and Colonel Wheeler, to whom this duty was intrusted, remarks "that from the location of the harbor and the width of the channel that we are obliged to adopt in improving it, I am of the opinion that the interests of commerce do not require this place to be made a harbor of refuge." These views are concurred in. (See Appendix A 2.) 15. Resurvey of Port Washington, Wisconsin, Lake Michigan.-The officer in charge of harbor works in the district in which this locality lies has been directed to make the re-survey called for by resolution of the Committee of Commerce of the House of Representatives, and report a plan for its improvement with estimate of cost. This report has not been received. 16. Harbor of Du Luth, Lake Superior-The survey of this harbor was placed in the charge of Brevet Colonel J. B. Wheeler, corps of engineers, and has been completed. He is now engaged upon the reduction of the notes of the survey, and in the preparation of his report. HARBORS ON THE EASTERN SHORE OF LAKE MICHIGAN. Officer in charge, Brevet Colonel F. U. Farquhar, captain corps of engineers, with the following assistants: Lieutenant E. A. Woodruff, corps of engineers, special superintendent for the harbors of Aux Becs Scies, Manistee, Père Marquette, and Pentwater station, Milwaukee. Assistant J. F. Saunders, special superintendent for the harbor at White River. Assistant Alfred Noble, special superintendent for the harbors of Muskegon, Grand Haven, Black Lake, Saugatuck, and South Haven ; station, Milwaukee. (See Appendix B and B 14.) 1. Aux Becs Scies Harbor, Michigan, (Frankfort.)—Owing to the lateness of the commencement of the present season for work, but little progress had been made up to the end of the fiscal year. A contract for dredging has been entered into, and during the present working season it is expected that the channel between the piers will be dredged to a depth of 10 feet, and that the north pier will be extended 320 feet. To make this a good harbor of refuge, both piers should be extended to the depth of 12 feet in the lake, and the channel dredged to a depth of 14 feet, which would cost $60,000. This amount can be profitably spent during the fiscal year ending June 30, 1871. (See Appendix B 1.) 2. Manistee Harbor, Michigan.-During the last fiscal year the south pier was extended 256 feet, and the north pier 96 feet. It is expected that the north pier will be extended 160 feet, and the south pier 96 feet during the present season. To complete the improvement of this harbor both piers should be extended, the north, 512 feet, and the south, pier 608 feet beyond the extension likely to be made during this season's work, which would cost $70,000. The sharp angle on the south side of the channel should be cut away and the channel bank revetted, at a cost of $9,000. Amount on hand July 1, 1868.. Balance on hand July 1, 1869 There can be profitably expended during the fiscal year ending June 30, 1871 (See Appendix B 2.) $25,002 04 14, 439 29 10,562 75 70, 000, 00. 70,000, 3. Père Marquette Harbor, Michigan.-The work of the fiscal year consisted in extending the north pier 128 feet, and in completing the superstructure of the south pier. During the present working season it is proposed to carry out the north pier 384 feet, which will exhaust the balance on hand for the improvement of this harbor. Amount on hand July 1, 1868 .. Allotted from appropriation of 1869 Expended during the fiscal year...... Balance on hand July 1, 1869 . $8,979 23 31, 500 00 40, 479 23 7,888 97 32, 596 26 To remove the old slab pier on the south side of the harbor, and to dredge in and beyond the space it occupies, will cost $52,000, which can be profitably expended during the fiscal year ending June 30, 1871. (See Appendix B 3.) 4. Pentwater Harbor, Michigan.-The work done during the past fiscal year was the extending of the south pier 256 feet, and dredging 22,632 cubic yards of earth from between the piers. Owing to the want of a pier on the north side of the channel it filled up during the winter, so that in the spring there was only a depth of six feet where ten feet was reported last autumn. The residents have, at their own expense, dredged the channel to the former depth of 10 feet, and a north pier is now being built. During the gales of last autumn and winter, the south pier suffered severely. The superstructure, for 32 feet from the outer end of the pier, was carried away, and the adjoining superstructure was much damaged. The whole pier has considerably settled, and will require much work to repair it. These necessary repairs, together with the building of 600 feet of pier on the north side of the channel, are expected to be completed this working season, and will exhaust the balance on hand applicable to the harbor. To complete the improvement of this harbor, the south side of the entrance where the revetment is of slabs should be dredged away; for this it is estimated that the sum of $40,000 will be required. Amount required for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1871. $40,000 00 (See Appendix B 4.) 5. Mouth of White River, Michigan.-This harbor is reported to be in bad condition. During the past winter much of the new channel has been filled up. None but vessels drawing less than six feet water can now enter White Lake. It is expected that during this season's work the channel will be dredged to a depth of 10 feet, and a pier carried out for its protection as far as the 6-feet curve. Early next spring the pier can be further extended as far as the 12-feet curve. Should the weather be favorable the north pier may be extended to the 12-feet curve this autumn. The balance remaining on hand applicable to this harbor will be exhausted during the present fiscal year. To give a channel at least 12 feet deep, and to extend the piers to 15 feet of water in the lake, will require an additional sum of $50, 000, which can be profitably expended during the fiscal year ending June 30, 1871. Amount on hand July 1, 1868.... Allotted from appropriation of 1869 $18,880 28 45, 000 00 63,880 28 12 206 50 51 673 77 (See Appendix B 5.) 6. Muskegon Harbor, Michigan.-Two cribs (32' x 20') have been placed on the extension of the north pier, and one (32′ × 32') on the end of the south pier, and the superstructure on both piers completed. During the present working season the north pier will be extended 320 feet, and the south pier will be filled with stone ballast. It will be necessary to repair the slab work in the interior of the crib pier, to do which the slabs should be removed to one foot below the water surface, and a crib superstructure should be built at a cost of $28,000. Unless this is done there will be danger from breaches and the consequent filling up of the channel between the piers. Before a further extension of the piers into the lake, the effects of the present season's work should be observed. Amount on hand July 1, 1868... Expended during the fiscal year.. Balance on hand July 1, 1869 Additional amount required for completion (See Appendix B 6.) $28, 484 41 12, 171 45 16,312 96 $63,450 00 30, 000 00 7. Grand Haven Harbor, Michigan.-The pier on the south side of the channel has been extended 100 feet, and the old pile work interior to that part of the same pier, which was repaired in 1866, has been repaired for a length of 465 feet. To complete the improvement of the harbor, a pier on the north side of the entrance to the river is necessary, and the repairs to the old pile pier should be continued for an additional length of 600 feet. The necessity for a north pier has been fully set forth in previous reports. It should be 1,700 feet long, and would cost $200,000, and the repairs of the old south pier, $14,000. This harbor is one of the most important of those on the east shore of Lake Michigan, and is by far the best. When once the proposed improvements are completed, it will be a long time before a further outlay will be required. Amount on hand July 1, 1868 Balance on hand July 1, 1869... Amount required for completion Required for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1871.. (See Appendix B 7.) $30, 295 61 27,048 69 3,246 92 $200,000 00 100, 000 00 8. Black Lake Harbor, Michigan.-During the present fiscal year five cribs (32′ × 20') have been placed on the line of the south pier, extending it 160 feet, and one crib on the north pier, and the superstructure finished. The south pier settled very irregularly during the winter, and the outer crib was moved from its place. In accordance with the recommendation of a board of engineer officers assembled in May last, for the consideration of certain harbor structures in Lake Michigan, the following work will be done during the present working season for the improvement of this harbor. An enrockment will be placed along the side of the south pier to prevent a further scouring out of the sand. The south pier will be repaired, a crib superstructure will be built to prevent a breach between the crib work and the shore, and a pile revetment will be built at the head of the cut, to prevent the stream from washing out |