Report of the Federal Security Agency

Perhaps the last offical act of Dr. Wiley in the position which he had honored so much was writing a pamphlet on the swamp lands of the State, which was published in 1867. It now only remains for me to notice his work as a private citizen in other capacities.

career.

Dr. Wiley had felt himself called to preach at an early period in his educational He studied theology and was licensed by Orange Presbytery in 1855. He was ordained sine titulo in 1866 and never held a settled pastorate. He was one of the executive committee to found the North Carolina Presbyterian and a contributor to its columns. His work for the schools had brought him a knowledge of the undeveloped lands and other resources of the State and, when the development boom came after the war, was solicited to become a partner in-many schemes looking to exploiting these resources. In 1867 he was elected corresponding secretary of the North Carolina Land Company, at a salary of $1,000 a year, and began work January 15, 1868. The company proposed to invest in and develop the swamp lands of the State, and Dr. Wiley's business was to collect information for pamphlets which were to be circulated abroad. He also sought to make better known the resources of the State by calling a convention of the leading literary men of the State in Raleigh in July, 1869.

On June 1, 1869, he became the general agent for the American Bible Society for middle and eastern Tennessee, and took up his residence in Jonesboro, Tenn. In March, 1874, on the resignation of Rev. P. A. Strobel, he was transferred to a similar position in North Carolina, and removed to Winston, N. C. In 1876 South Carolina was added to his field. He remained in this work until his death.

Dr. Wiley would have been made the candidate of the Conservatives for superintendent of public instruction in 1872 had he not been kept out by political disability. Dr. Nereus Mendenhall became the candidate, but the party went down in defeat. In 1876 he was again proposed as a candidate on the Conservative ticket, and would, no doubt, have been nominated and elected but for his own sense of duty. He regretted that the public schools had been brought into political debate, but "in view of the situation and of what is expected of candidates nominated on party platforms, the arena where honorable and good men not of my vocation may lawfully strive is closed to me by my sense of the obligations of my sacred calling."1 During his later years he devoted himself as far as possible to advancing local educational interests, helped to establish the graded school in Winston, N. C., and was the chairman of its school board from its organization until his death.

He served the State as superintendent of common schools for thirteen years. He was a Whig in politics, and was twice elected by the Whigs and five times by the Democrats. He was a trustee of the University of North Carolina from 1875 until his death, and, although he never held a regular charge, preached frequently to Presbyterian and other congregations. He received the degree of D. D. from the University of North Carolina in 1881, to whose interest he had been always devoted. He married Miss Mittie Towles in Raleigh, N. C., February 25, 1862. To this union seven children were born, of whom five still survive. Dr. Wiley included "interest on United States bonds" and "dividends Roanoke Navigation Company." These are the only items in this report which indicate that they might have come from the old literary fund.

For the year 1873-74 the navigation dividends and interest on United States bonds amounted to $1,748.25. There was also an investment of $19,404.29 in United States bonds. These interest items amounted in 1874-75 to $2,461.50. There was then a further investment of $13,682.50 in United States bonds.

These bonds seem to have been carried from year to year as a part of the assets of the educational fund until 1881, when they were sold under the direction of the legislature. They then amounted to $91,500 and were sold for $106,224.25. The fund also owned $99,200 in State bonds, which were offered for sale in 1882, but not sold.

1 Dated at Winston, June 7, 1876.

died in Winston, N. C., January 11, 1887. According to a personal friend, who knew him intimately, he "was very agreeable in social life. He was simple, gentle, unpretending, gracious, genial. He had a genuine fund of quiet humor, not anecdotical, but spontaneous and innocent. He was a guileless man-true, sincere, lovable."

X. BIBLIOGRAPHY OF CALVIN H. WILEY.

Dr. Wiley was a prolific writer. He produced works in history, economics, theology, and fiction, as well as in education. It is not far from the truth to say that his writings represent the whole literature of the North Carolina common schools up to the close of the war. A list of his published writings, complete as it can be made with the sources at command, is added herewith:

Alamance; or, the great and final experiment. [2 lines quotation.] New York: Harper & Brothers, publishers, | Pearl street, Franklin Square. |

1870.

Svo, pp. 151. Library of Select Novels, No. 104.

The first edition was published by the Harpers in 1847, but no copy has been seen. A reprint was contemplated in 1852 and a Confederate edition discussed in 1863. The edition of 1870 seems to have been made from the plates of the 1847 edition.

The scene is laid in Guilford County, N. C., and deals with the times of the Regulators. The Haunted Chamber (a story). Sartain's Union Magazine, Vol. IV, pp. 45-48 (1849).

The Poor Student's Dream (a story). Ibid., Vol. IV, pp. 107-112 (1849). Roanoke; or, Where is Utopia? In Sartain's Union Magazine, Philadelphia, Vol. IV, pp. 189–195, 241-249, 305-312, 376; V, 5-12, 81-88, 145–152, 209-216, 273-282, 339-352 (1849). 4.

This novel, begun in March, 1849, was attacked in some of the Southern papers as being too abolitionist in sentiment, and is defended by Wiley in the Greensboro Patriot, November 3, 1849, where he denies the charge. It was republished in London in 1851 under the title "Adventures of Old Dan Tucker and his son Walter" (see that title), and is probably the same as Utopia: A Picture of Early Life at the South, published by Peterson in 1852 (see that title).

Copyrighted by T. B. Peterson & Brothers, 1866, 8vo., pp., t p., 11, + 19-156; 14 ills. With the historical appendix found in Sartain; double column edition; illustrations same as those in Old Dan Tucker.

Another Edition: Philadelphia, Peterson, 1886.

A sober view of the slavery question: by a citizen of the South. n. t. p., n. p., n. d., [Dec., 1849].

8vo. pp. 8.

Speech of Mr. Wiley on the "Bill to provide for the appointment of a superintendent of common schools, and for other purposes." Register, January 4, 1851, 51 columns.

8vo. pp. t p. + ii + 222; 14 ills. Without the historical appendix found at the end of "Roanoke."

8vo., pp. iv. + 11. + 150.

10.

The object of this publication "is to diffuse popular and practical information concerning those questions of constitutional reform which are now agitating the people of the State." A number of the speeches presented had been made in the late legislature. The North-Carolina Reader: | containing | a history and description of North Carolina, selections in prose and verse, | many of them by eminent citizens of the State, | historical and chronological tables, | and a variety of miscellaneous information and | statistics. | By C. H. Wiley. | [3 lines quotations] | Illustrated with Engravings, and designed for Families and Schools. | Philadelphia: | Lippincott, Grambo & Co. | No. 14 North Fourth street, | And for sale by Agents, Merchants, and Booksellers, in all the Counties of | North Carolina. [1851.]

12mo., pp. 359. Illustrations.

11.

This Reader was first published in December, 1851 (copyrighted, 1851, and preface dated July 4, 1851), at Wiley's expense. The first part contains a sketch of the State, its geographical features, and its varied resources; the second gives the first popular school history of the State ever written; the third includes reading lessons, which were mostly the composition of North Carolinians or related to the State. The book was enthusiastically received by the whole press of the State; was approved and adopted by all classes of teachers, and rapidly found its way to the masses. The first edition, in 1851, was 1,000 copies. The issues made in 1852 and 1853 raised the whole number of copies published to 6,000.

The whole of Dr. Wiley's interest was disposed of when he became superintendent of common schools, and there were efforts to make this a part of a series. For this purpose Prof. Fordyce M. Hubbard (1809-1888), of the University of North Carolina, was induced to undertake the preparation of the remaining volumes under the supervision of Dr. Wiley. The whole series was to be published by E. J. Hale & Son, of Fayetteville, but this scheme failed. The copyright, etc., was afterwards transferred to A. S. Barnes & Co., of New York. (See below.)

The Reader became and remained a standard until the close of the war. It exerted a quiet but immense influence in creating and fostering a new spirit among the masses of the people.

The following pages of the Reader may be ascribed to Dr. Wiley: General description of North Carolina, pp. 21-90 (except the poetry); Historical sketch of North Carolina, pp. 91-223; Female education-woman's mission, pp. 262-266 (reprinted in Our Living and Our Dead, I, pp. 273-276, November, 1874); The sand hills of North Carolina, extract from "Alamance," pp. 266-267; The mission of Washington-Union among men, pp. 269–273, omitted in revised edition; Resources of North Carolina, pp. 338-339, omitted in revised edition.

New edition, 1856 (not seen).

12.

13.

12mo., pp. 1-6+4-351. Illustrations.

This issue is the same as that of 1856; a few of the extracts in the edition of 1851 have been omitted and a few new ones inserted, but there is little difference.

Another issue, A. S. Barnes & Burr, 1860.

14.

Three editorials in the Southern Weekly Post for January 24, 1852.
Editorial in Southern Weekly Post, April 3, 1852, on the Resources of North Caro-

15.

lina.

One-half column.

16.

The great concern of North Carolina [education]. Southern Weekly Post, April 10, 1852.

17. "To be or not to be." A series of articles in the Southern Weekly Post for 1852 on the development of North Carolina. 18.

18mo, pp. 199xi.

Utopia: A Picture of Early Life at the South. Philadelphia: Peterson, 1852. 20. 8vo. Not seen, but believed to be the same as "Roanoke" and "Adventures of Old Dan Tucker."

Life in the South: A companion to Uncle Tom's Cabin. 1852.

Svo.

21.

Possibly the same as the pamphlet described in the advertising pages of the Form Book of 1852: "Uncle Tom's Cabin reviewed; or, American society vindicated from the aspersions of Mrs. Harriet Beecher Stowe."

Memoirs of a Fugitive. A tale. Southern Weekly Post, 1852.

22.

Letter to Governor David S. Reid on the common schools. Fayetteville Observer. August 15, 1853, 14 columns.

23.

This letter speaks as if it was the first of a series.

Address to the officers of the Common Schools and to the friends of education in North Carolina. December, 1852.

24.

In compilation of Acts of Assembly relating to Common Schools, 1853, pp. 33-37. This is Wiley's first official utterance as superintendent. Acts of Assembly, | establishing and regulating | common schools in North Carolina, together with | proper forms of returns, | and a | synopsis of the said acts, etc., etc. | Arranged in accordance with an act of assembly, | By Calvin H. Wiley, State Superintendent. Approved by the President and Directors of the Literary Fund, | and published by direction of the General Assembly. | Raleigh: | William W. Holden, printer, "Standard" office. | 1853.

80., pp. 47+[1].

25.

The first compilation of school acts made by Dr. Wiley and the second published in the State, the first being in 1849.

[Circular] to the chairmen of Boards of County Superintendents of Common Schools in North Carolina. January 15, 1853.

26.

Q.. pp. 1. Also in Compilation of Acts of Assembly relating to schools. 1853, pp. 39-40. [First annual letter] to the committees appointed to examine and pass on the qualifications of those wishing to become teachers of common schools. August 1, 1853.

27.

Q. pp. 2. These annual letters were the medium of official communication between the superintendent and the county school officers. They reviewed and discussed the subjects then of most interest and importance to the schools, such as the supply and qualification of teachers, the plan of grading, the reason for issuing certificates with low numbers to persons of good character, the wants of the schools, and rules of procedure.

8 vo. pp. 25+ [1]+[6] + table. Another edition as Ac. Doc., No. 12, sess. 1851-55. Raleigh, 1854. 8 vo., pp. 55+ table.

Appendix on North Carolina to Mitchell's Intermediate Geography, Philadelphia: Copperthwaite & Co. 1854.

29.

Dr. Wiley refused to recommend any geography until allowed to correct the text in regard to North Carolina. He also helped to prepare a new map of the State with all railroads, plank roads, intended routes, etc., indicated. In October, 1865, E. H. Butler & Co., successors to Copperthwaite & Co., proposed that Wiley prepare a new edition of his appendix which they desired to put into their New Intermediate Geography. I do not know the results of the proposal.

[Second annual letter] to the committees appointed to examine and pass on the qualifications of those wishing to become teachers of Common Schools. n. t. p., n. p., n. d. [Raleigh, 1854.] 30.

Pp. [6]. Dated February 1, 1854. Another edition. Q., pp. 4.

8vo., pp. 56.

32.

8vo., pp. 78+iv+table; extracts from first, second, and special reports in Barnard's American Journal of Education, II, 527-530 (Dec., 1856).

Third annual report | of the | Superintendent of Common Schools | for the | State of North Carolina. | 1855. | [Raleigh: Holden & Wilson, printers to the State. 1855]. 33. Printed half title, as above; no full title; 8vo., pp. 77+table; forms executive document No. 9, session of 1855-56; extracts printed in North Carolina Journal, of Education, I, pp. 62-64 (Feb., 1858).

Third annual letter of instructions and suggestions. March 1, 1855.

Q., pp. 2; also in Third Annual Report, 1855, pp. 54-63.

34.

Circular to county court clerks on division of common-school funds in case of new counties. Dated June 30, 1855.

Q., pp. 1. Reprinted.

35.

The North Carolina Reader, No. I, prepared by Prof. F. M. Hubbard. A. S. Barnes & Co., 1855. 36. Nos. 1 and 2 of this series of North Carolina Readers were the result, as we have seen, of a plan which had been evolved by Dr. Wiley before he became Superintendent. The transfer of Reader No. III to A. S. Barnes & Co. and the employment of Professor Hubbard was completed in the winter of 1853-54. In 1853 Messrs. Barnes proposed to E. J. Hale & Co., of Fayetteville, N. C., that Professor Hubbard should take Parker's Readers Nos. 1, 2, 3, and 4 and add some 10 per cent more matter of a North Carolina character. They were then to be called "North Carolina Readers," and these four were to be followed by Wiley's No. III as No. V. This was not done, but new books were compiled. The North-Carolina Reader | number II. | [Seal of State.] | Prepared, | with special reference to the wants and | interests of North Carolina, | under the auspices of the | superintendent of common schools, | by Rev. F. M. Hubbard, professor of languages and literature in the University of | North Carolina. | New York: [ A. S. Barnes & Co., 51 John-street. | Fayetteville: E. J. Hale & Son.-Raleigh: W. L. Pomeroy. | 1856. 37.

12mo., pp. 195, with pp. 3-6, "preliminary remarks of the general Superintendent of Com mon Schools," preceding the title page. Ills.

Another issue from the same plates, 1859, 12 mo., pp. 1-6+3-195; ills.
Another issue from the same plates, 1873, 12 mo., pp. 1-195; ills.

38.

39.

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