Sivas...

Smyrna

URUGUAY.

Colonia

Montevideo..

Paysandu.

VENEZUELA.

La Guayra..

Maracaibo.

Puerto Cabello.

ZANZIBAR.

Zanzibar.....

Robert S. S. Bergh (C.).... N. D... 1898 1,500 1,166)
Edward D. Winslow (C. G.). III...... 1898 1,500 1,531

396

562

La.. [1898 2,000 1,799
Me.....
1884 3,000] 4,033
Mass... [1898
Tex.... 1900
Penn... 1897

77

330

2,000 1,119

396

1,500 3,000

525

763

9,895

333

Henry H. Morgan (C.)....
George Gifford (C.).....
Adolph L. Frankenthal (C.).
Horace L. Washington (C.).
James T. Dubois (C. G.)...
A. Lieberknecht (C.)....... Ill...... 1897 2,000 3,434] 717

Luther W. Osborn (C. G.)..Neb....[1897]

tt

Rufus W. Lane (C.)......

2Benjamin D. Manton (C.).
Albert W. Swaim (C.)..
John G. Hufnagel (C. A.)..

Louis Goldschmidt (C.)..... N. H... 1898

E. H. Plumacher (C.)... Tenn... 1883 2,000 2,504
Luther T. Ellsworth (C.)...[Ohio....1898 1,500 1,563
Robert E. Mansfield (C.)...|Ind..... [1899 2,000| 287 19

On September 20, 1895, an Executive order was issued incorporating in the Federal Civil Service the Consular Service to the extent embraced in this paragraph: "It is

1Also diplomatic agent. 2 Authorized to transact business. Also Secretary of Legation. Minister Resident. Also C. G. at Apia, Samoa. "C. G.," Consul-General. "C.," Consul. "V. C.," Vice-Consul. "C. A.," Consular Agent. The aggregate of official fees, when not exceeding $2,500, is retained by officers who are not allowed a fixed salary by law; any surplus over $2,500 is turned into the Treasury. Consuls who receive a fixed salary retain notarial fees only, and are accountable to the Government for all official fees received by them. Clerk hire, except when especially authorized by law, is not chargeable to the Government.

hereby ordered that any vacancy in a consulate or commercial agency now or hereafter existing, the salary of which is not more than $2,500 nor less than $1,000, or the compensation of which, if derived from official fees exclusive of notarial and other unofficial receipts, does not exceed $2,500 nor fall below $1,000, shall be filled (first) by a transfer or promotion from some other position under the Department of State of a character tending to qualify the incumbent for the position to be filled; or (second) by appointment of a person not under the Department of State, but having previously served thereunder to its satisfaction in a capacity tending to qualify him for the position to be filled; or (third) by the appointment of a person who, having furnished the customary evidence of character, responsibility and capacity, and being thereupon selected by the President for examination, is found upon such examination to be qualified for the position." EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE UNITED STATES FROM 1789 TO

1899.

SEC.

V.

PRESIDENT-George Washington, Va., April 30, 1789, to Mar. 4, 1793. V.-PRES'T-
John Adams, Mass. SEC. STATE Thomas Jefferson, Va., Sept. 26, 1789. SEC.
TREASURY-Alexander Hamilton, N. Y., Sept. 11, 1789. SEC. WAR-Henry
Knox, Mass., Sept. 12, 1789. NAVY-The War Department had charge of Naval
Affairs until April, 1798. POST'R-GEN.-Samuel Osgood, Mass., Sept. 26, 1789;
Timothy Pickering, Penn., Aug. 12, 1791. ATTY-GEN.-Edmund Randolph, Va.,
Sept. 26, 1789.
PRESIDENT-George Washington, second term, Mar. 4, 1793, to Mar. 4, 1797. V.-
PRES'T-John Adams, Mass. SEC. STATE-*Thos. Jefferson, reappointed; Ed-
mund Randolph, Va., Jan. 2, 1794; Timothy Pickering, Penn., Dec. 10, 1795. SEC.
TREASURY *Alexander Hamilton, reappointed; Oliver Wolcott, jr., Conn., Feb.
2, 1795.. SEC. WAR-*Henry Knox, continued; Timothy Pickering, Penn., Jan. 2,
1795; James McHenry, Md., Jan. 27, 1796. SEC. NAVY-George Cabot, Mass.,
May 3, 1798, declined; Benj. Stoddert, Md., May 21, 1798. POST'R-GEN.-Timothy
Pickering, continued, June 2, 1794; Joseph Habersham, Ga., Feb. 25, 1795. ATTY-
GEN. Edmund Randolph, reappointed; William Bradford, Penn., Jan. 27, 1794;
Charles Lee, Va., Dec. 10, 1795.
PRESIDENT-John Adams, Mass., Mar. 4, 1797, to Mar. 4, 1801. V.-PRES'T-Thos.
Jefferson, Va. SEC. STATE-*Timothy Pickering, reappointed; John Marshall,
Va., May 13, 1800. SEC. TREASURY *Oliver Wolcott, jr., reappointed; Samuel
Dexter, Mass., Jan. 1, 1801. SEC. WAR-*James McHenry, continued; Samuel
Dexter, Mass., May 13, 1800; Roger Griswold, Conn., Feb. 3, 1801. SEC. NAVY-
*Benj. Stoddert, reappointed. POST' R-GEN.-*Joseph Habersham, reappointed.
ATT'Y-GEN.-*Charles Lee, continued.
PRESIDENT-Thos. Jefferson, Va., Mar. 4, 1801, to Mar. 4, 1805. V.-PRES'T-
Aaron Burr, N. Y. SEC. STATE-James Madison, Va., Mar. 5, 1801.
TREASURY-*Samuel Dexter, reappointed; Albert Gallatin, Penn., May 14, 1801.
SEC. WAR-Henry Dearborn, Mass., Mar. 5, 1801. SEC. NAVY-*Benj. Stoddert,
reappointed; Robert Smith, Md., July 15, 1801. POST'R-GEN.-*Joseph Haber-
sham, continued; Gideon Granger, Conn., Nov. 28, 1801. ATT'Y-GEN.-Levi Lin-
coln, Mass., Mar. 5, 1801; Robert Smith, Md., Mar. 3, 1805.
PRESIDENT-Thomas Jefferson, second term, Mar. 4, 1805, to Mar. 4, 1809.
PRES'T-George Clinton, N. Y. SEC. STATE *James Madison, reappointed.
SEC. TREASURY-*Albert Gallatin, reappointed. SEC. WAR-*Henry Dearborn,
reappointed. SEC. NAVY-Jacob Crowninshield, Mass., May 3, 1825. POST R-
GEN. *Gideon Granger, reappointed. ATT'Y-GEN.-John Breckinridge, Ky., Aug.
7, 1805; Cæsar A. Rodney, Penn., Jan. 20, 1807.
PRESIDENT-James Madison, Va., Mar. 4, 1809, to Mar. 4, 1813. V.-PRES'T-
George Clinton, N. Y., died; †William H. Crawford, Ga. SEC. STATE-Robert
Smith, Md., Mar. 6, 1809; James Monroe, Va., April 2, 1811. SEC. TREASURY-
*Albert Gallatin, reappointed. SEC. WAR-William Eustis, Mass., Mar. 7, 1809;
John Armstrong, N. Y., Jan. 13, 1813. SEC. NAVY-Paul Hamilton, S. C., Mar. 7,
1809; William Jones, Penn., Jan. 12, 1813. POST'R-GEN.-*Gideon Granger, reap-
pointed. ATT'Y-GEN.-*Cæsar A. Rodney, continued; William Pinckney, Md.,
Dec. 11, 1811.
PRESIDENT-James Madison, second term, Mar. 4, 1813, to Mar. 4, 1817.
PRES'T-Elbridge Gerry, Mass., died; †John Gaillard, S. C. SEC. STATE-James
Monroe, reappointed, Feb. 28, 1815. SEC. TREASURY-George W. Campbell,
Tenn., Feb. 9, 1814; Alexander J. Dallas, Penn., Oct. 6, 1814; William H. Craw-
ford, Ga., Oct. 22, 1816. SEC. WAR*James Monroe, Va., Sept. 27, 1814; A. J.
Dallas, Acting, Mar. 14 to Aug. 8, 1815; William H. Crawford, Ga., Aug. 1, 1815.
SEC. NAVY-B. W. Crowninshield, Mass., Dec. 19, 1814. POST' R-GEN. *Gideon
Granger, reappointed; Return J. Meigs, jr., Ohio, Mar. 17, 1814. ATT'Y-GEN.-
*William Pinckney, continued; Richard Rush, Penn., Feb. 10, 1814.
PRESIDENT James Monroe, Va., Mar. 4, 1817, to Mar. 4, 1821. V.-PRES'T-Daniel
D. Tompkins, N. Y. SEC. STATE-John Q. Adams, Mass., Mar. 5, 1817. SEC.
TREASURY-*William H. Crawford, continued. SEC. WAR-*George Graham,
Va., April 7, 1817; John C. Calhoun, S. C., Oct. 8, 1817. SEC. NAVY-*B. W.
Crowninshield, reappointed; Smith Thompson, N. Y., Nov. 9, 1818. POST'R-GEN.-
*Return J. Meigs, jr., reappointed. ATTY-GEN.-William Wirt, Va., Nov. 13. 1817.
PRESIDENT-James Monroe, second term, Mar. 5, 1821, to Mar. 4, 1825. V.-PRES'T
Daniel D. Tompkins, N. Y. SEC. STATE-John Q. Adams, reappointed. SEC.
TREASURY-*William H. Crawford, reappointed. SEC. WAR-*John C. Calhoun,
reappointed. SEC. NAVY-John Rodgers, Acting, Sept. 1, 1823; Samuel L. South-

V.

EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF UNITED STATES FROM 1789 TO 1899. 297

ard, N. J., Sept. 16, 1823. POST'R-GEN. John McLean, Ohio, June 26, 1823. ATT'Y-GEN.-William Wirt, reappointed.

PRESIDENT-John Quincy Adams, Mass., Mar. 4, 1825, to Mar. 4, 1829. V.-PRES'T-
John C. Calhoun, S. C. SEC. STATE-Henry Clay, Ky., Mar. 7, 1825. SEC.
TREASURY-Richard Rush, Penn., Mar. 7, 1825. SEC. WAR-James Barbour,
Va., Mar. 7, 1825; Peter B. Porter, N. Y., May 26, 1828. SEC. NAVY-*Samuel L.
Southard, reappointed. POST'R-GEN.-*John McLean, reappointed. ATT'Y-GEN.
-William Wirt, reappointed.
PRESIDENT-Andrew Jackson, Tenn., Mar. 4, 1829, to Mar. 4, 1833. V.-PRES'T-
John C. Calhoun, S. C. SEC. STATE-Martin Van Buren, N. Y., Mar. 6, 1829;
Edward Livingston, La., May 24, 1831. SEC. TREASURY-Samuel D. Ingham,
Penn., Mar. 6, 1829; Louis McLane, Del., Aug. 8, 1831. SEC. WAR-John H.
Eaton, Tenn., Mar. 9, 1829; Lewis Cass, Ohio, Aug. 1, 1831. SEC. NAVY-John
Branch, N. C., Mar. 9, 1829; Levi Woodbury, N. H., May 23, 1831. POST'R-
GEN.-William T. Barry. Ky., Mar. 9, 1829. ATT'Y-GEN.-John M. Berrien, Ga.,
Mar. 9, 1829; Roger B. Taney, Md., July 20, 1831.
PRESIDENT-Andrew Jackson, second term, Mar. 4, 1833, to Mar. 4, 1837. V.-
PRES'T-Martin Van Buren, N. Y. SEC. STATE-Louis McLane, Del., May 29,
1833; John Forsyth, Ga., June 27, 1834. SEC. TREASURY-William J. Duane,
Penn., May 29, 1833; Roger B. Taney, Md., Sept. 23, 1833; Levi Woodbury, N. H.,
June 27, 1834. SEC. WAR-*Lewis Cass, reappointed; Benjamin F. Butler, Acting,
Mar. 3, 1837. SEC. NAVY-Mahlon Dickerson, N. J., June 30, 1834. POST'R
GEN.-Amos Kendall, Ky., May 1, 1837. ATT'Y-GEN.-Benjamin F. Butler, N. Y.,
Nov. 15, 1833.

PRESIDENT-Martin Van Buren, N. Y., Mar. 4, 1837, to Mar. 4, 1841. V.-PRES'T-
Richard M. Johnson, Ky. SEC. STATE-*John Forsyth, reappointed, SEC. TREAS-
URY-*Levi Woodbury, reappointed. SEC. WAR-Joel R. Poinsett, S. C., Mar.
7, 1837. SEC. NAVY-*Mahlon Dickerson, reappointed; James K. Paulding, N. Y.,
June 25, 1838. POST'R-GEN.-Amos Kendall, reappointed; John M. Niles, Conn.,
May 19, 1840. ATT'Y-GEN.-*Benjamin F. Butler, N. Y., Mar. 4, 1837; Felix
Grundy, Tenn., July 5, 1838; Henry D. Gilpin, Penn., Jan. 11, 1840.
PRESIDENT-William H. Harrison, Ohio, Mar. 4, 1841, to April 4, 1841. V.-PRES'T-
John Tyler, Va. SEC. STATE-Daniel Webster, Mass., Mar. 5, 1841. SEC.
TREASURY-Thomas Ewing, Ohio, Mar. 5, 1841. SEC. WAR-John Bell, Tenn.,
Mar. 5, 1841. SEC. NAVY-G. E. Badger, N. C., Mar. 5, 1841. POST R-GEN.-
Francis Granger, N. Y., Mar. 6, 1841. ATT'Y-GEN.-John J. Crittenden, Ky.,
Mar. 5, 1841.

PRESIDENT-John Tyler, Va., April 4, 1841, to Mar. 4, 1845. V.-PRES'T-1 Samuel
L. Southard, N. J.; Willie P. Mangum, N. C. SEC. STATE-Hugh S. Legaré,
S. C., May 9, 1843; Abel P. Upshur, Va., July 24, 1843; John Nelson, Md., Acting,
Feb. 29, 1844; John C. Calhoun, S. C., Mar. 6, 1844. SEC. TREASURY-Walter
Forward, Penn., Sept. 13, 1841; John C. Spencer, N. Y., Mar. 3, 1843; George M.
Bibb, Ky., June 15, 1844. SEC. WAR-John McLean, Ohio, Sept. 13, 1841; John C.
Spencer, N. Y., Oct. 12, 1841; James M. Porter, Penn., Mar. 8, 1843; William
Wilkins, Penn., Feb. 15, 1844. SEC. NAVY-A. P. Upshur, Va., Sept. 13, 1841;
David Henshaw, Mass., July 24, 1843; T. W. Gilmer, Va., Feb. 15, 1844; John Y.
Mason, Va., Mar. 14, 1844. POST'R-GEN.-Charles A. Wickliffe, Ky., Sept. 13,
1841. ATT'Y-GEN.-Hugh S. Legaré, S. C., Sept. 13, 1841; John Nelson, Md.,
July 1, 1843.

PRESIDENT-James K. Polk, Tenn., Mar. 4, 1845, to Mar. 4, 1849.

V.-PRES' T

George M. Dallas, Penn. SEC. STATE-James Buchanan, Penn., Mar. 6, 1845. SEC. TREASURY-Robert J. Walker, Miss., Mar. 6, 1845. SEC. WAR-William L. Marcy, N. Y., Mar. 6, 1845. SEC. NAVY-George Bancroft, Mass., Mar. 10, 1845; John Y. Mason, Va., Sept. 9, 1846. POST'R-GEN.-Cave Johnson, Tenn., Mar. 6, 1845. ATT'Y-GEN.-John Y. Mason, Va., Mar. 6, 1845; Nathan Clifford, Me., Oct. 17, 1846; Isaac Toucey, Conn., June 21, 1848. PRESIDENT-Zachary Taylor, La., Mar. 5, 1849, to July 9, 1850. V.-PRES'TMillard Fillmore, N. Y. SEC. STATE-John M. Clayton, Del., Mar. 7, 1849. SEC. TREASURY-W. M. Meredith, Penn., Mar. 8, 1849. SEC. WAR-*Reverdy Johnson, Acting, Mar. 8, 1849; George W. Crawford, Ga., Mar. 8, 1849. SEC. NAVYWm. B. Preston, Va., Mar. 8, 1849. POST'R-GEN.-Jacob Collamer, Vt., Mar. 8, 1849. ATT'Y-GEN.-Reverdy Johnson, Md., Mar. 8, 1849. SEC. INTERIORThomas Ewing, Ohio, Mar. 8, 1849. PRESIDENT-Millard Fillmore, N. Y., July 9, 1850, to Mar. 4, 1853. V.-PRES'T†William R. King, Ala. SEC. STATE-Daniel Webster, Mass., July 22, 1850; Edward Everett, Mass., Nov. 6, 1852. SEC. TREASURY-Thomas Corwin, Ohio, July 23, 1850. SEC. WAR-Winfield Scott, ad interim, July 23, 1850; Charles M. Conrad, La., Aug. 15, 1850. SEC. NAVY-William A. Graham, N. C., July 22, 1850; J. P. Kennedy, Md.. July 22, 1852. POST'R-GEN.-Nathan K. Hall, N. Y., July 23, 1850; Samuel D. Hubbard, Conn., Aug. 31, 1852. ATT'Y-GEN.-John J. Crittenden, Ky., July 22, 1850. SEC. INTERIOR-Alex. H. H. Stuart, Va., Sept. 12, 1850. PRESIDENT-Franklin Pierce, N. H., Mar. 4, 1853, to Mar. 4, 1857. V.-PRES'TWilliam R. King, Ala., died; †D. R. Atchison, J. D. Bright. SEC. STATEWilliam L. Marcy, N. Y., Mar. 7, 1853. SEC. TREASURY-James Guthrie, Ky., Mar. 7, 1853. SEC. WAR-Jefferson Davis, Miss., Mar. 7, 1853. SEC. NAVYJames C. Dobbin, N. C., Mar. 7, 1853. POST'R-GEN.-James Campbell, Penn., Mar. 7. 1853. ATT'Y-GEN.-Caleb Cushing, Mass., Mar. 7, 1853. SEC. INTERIOR-Robert McClelland, Mich., Mar. 7, 1853.

PRESIDENT-James Buchanan, Penn., Mar. 4, 1857, to Mar. 4, 1861. V.-PRES’T— John C. Breckinridge, Ky. SEC. STATE-Lewis Cass, Mich., Mar. 6, 1857; Jeremiah S. Black, Penn., Dec. 17, 1860. SEC. TREASURY-Howell Cobb, Ga., Mar. 6, 1857; Philip F. Thomas, Md., Dec. 12, 1860; John A. Dix, N. Y., Jan. 11, 1861. SEC. WAR-John B. Floyd, Va., Mar. 6, 1857; Joseph Holt, Ky., Jan. 18, 1861. SEC. NAVY-Isaac Toucey, Conn., Mar. 6, 1857, POST'R-GEN. -Aaron V. Brown, Tenn., Mar. 6, 1857; Joseph Holt, Ky., Mar. 14, 1859; Horatio King, Me., Feb. 12, 1861. ATT'Y-GEN.-Jeremiah S. Black, Penn., Mar. 6, 1857; Edwin M. Stanton, Penn., Dec. 20, 1860. SEC. INTERIOR-Jacob Thompson, Miss., Mar. 6, 1857. PRESIDENT-Abraham Lincoln, Ill., Mar. 4, 1861, to Mar. 4, 1865. V.-PRES'THannibal Hamlin, Me. SEC. STATE-William H. Seward, N. Y., Mar. 5, 1861. SEC. TREASURY-Salmon P. Chase, Ohio, Mar. 5, 1861; William P. Fessenden, Me., July 1, 1864. SEC. WAR-Simon Cameron, Penn., Mar. 5, 1861; Edwin M. Stanton, Penn., Jan. 15, 1862. SEC. NAVY-Gideon Welles, Conn., Mar. 5, 1861. POST'R-GEN.-Montgomery Blair, D. C., Mar. 5, 1861; William Dennison, Ohio, Sept. 24, 1864. ATT'Y-GEN.-Edward Bates, Mo., Mar. 5, 1861; James Speed, Ky., Dec. 2, 1864. SEC. INTERIOR-Caleb B. Smith, Ind., Mar. 5, 1861; John P. Usher, Ind., Jan. 8, 1863. PRESIDENT-Abraham Lincoln, second term, Mar. 4, 1865, to April 15, 1865. V.PRES'T-Andrew Johnson, Tenn. SEC. STATE-*William H. Seward, reappointed. SEC. TREASURY-Hugh McCulloch, Ind., Mar. 7, 1865. SEC. WAR-*Edwin M. Stanton, reappointed. SEC. NAVY-Gideon Welles, reappointed. POST'R-GEN. *William Dennison, reappointed. ATT'Y-GEN.-*James Speed, reappointed. SEC. INTERIOR-*John P. Usher, reappointed. PRESIDENT-Andrew Johnson, Tenn., April 15, 1865, to Mar. 4, 1869. V.-PRES'T†Lafayette S. Foster, Conn.; †Benjamin F. Wade, Ohio. SEC. STATE-*William H. Seward, continued. SEC. TREASURY-*Hugh McCulloch, continued. SEC. WAR-Edwin M. Stanton, suspended, Aug. 12, 1867; *U. S. Grant, ad interim, Aug. 12, 1867; Edwin M. Stanton, reinstated, Jan. 14, 1868; J. M. Schofield, May 28, 1868. SEC. NAVY-*Gideon Welles, continued. POST'R-GEN.-*William Dennison, continued; Alexander W. Randall, Wis., July 25, 1866. ATT'Y-GEN.*James Speed, continued; Henry Stanberry, Ohio, July 23, 1866; William M. Evarts, N. Y., July 15, 1868. SEC. INTERIOR-*John P. Usher, continued; James Harlan, Iowa, May 15, 1865; O H. Browning, Ill., July 27, 1866. PRESIDENT-Ulysses S. Grant, Ill., Mar. 4, 1869, to Mar. 4, 1873. V.-PRES'TSchuyler Colfax, Ind. SEC. STATE-E. B. Washburne, Ill., Mar. 5, 1869; Hamilton Fish, N. Y, Mar. 11, 1869. SEC. TREASURY-George S. Boutwell, Mass., Mar. 11, 1869. SEC. WAR-John A. Rawlins, Ill., Mar. 11, 1869; Wm. T. Sherman, ad interim, Sept. 9, 1869; William W. Belknap, Iowa, Oct. 25, 1869. SEC. NAVY Adolph E. Borie, Penn., Mar. 5, 1869; George M. Robeson, N. J., June 25, 1869. POST'R-GEN.-John A. J. Creswell, Md., Mar. 5, 1869. ATTY-GEN.-E. R. Hoar, Mass., Mar. 5, 1869; Amos T. Ackerman, Ga., June 23, 1870; Geo. H. Williams, Ore., Dec. 14, 1871. SEC. INTERIOR-Jacob D. Cox, Ohio, Mar. 5, 1869; Columbus Delano, Ohio, Nov. 1, 1870.

PRESIDENT-Ulysses S. Grant, second term, Mar. 4, 1873, to Mar. 4, 1877. V.PRES'T-Henry Wilson, Mass., died; Thomas W. Ferry, Mich. SEC. STATEHamilton Fish, reappointed, Mar. 17, 1873. SEC. TREASURY-William A. Richardson, Mass., Mar. 17, 1873; Benjamin H. Bristow, Ky., June 2, 1874; Lot M. Morrill, Me., June 21, 1876. SEC. WAR-Wm. W. Belknap, reappointed, Mar. 17, 1873; George M. Robeson, Acting, Mar. 2, 1876; Alphonso Taft, Ohio, Mar. 8, 1876; J. D. Cameron, Penn., May 22, 1876. SEC. NAVY-Geo. M. Robeson, reappointed, Mar. 17, 1873. POST'R-GEN.-J. A. J. Creswell, reappointed, Mar. 17, 1873; J. W. Marshall, Va., July 3, 1874; Marshall Jewell, Conn., Aug. 24, 1874; James N. Tyner, Ind., July 12, 1876. ATT'Y-GEN.-G. H. Williams, reappointed, Mar. 17, 1873; Edwards Pierrepont, N. Y., April 26, 1875; Alphonso Taft, Ohio, May 22, 1876. SEC. INTERIOR-Columbus Delano, continued, Mar. 17, 1873; Zachariah Chandler, Mich., Oct. 19, 1875.

PRESIDENT-Rutherford B. Hayes, Ohio, Mar. 5, 1877, to Mar. 4, 1881. V.-PRES'TWilliam A. Wheeler, N. Y. SEC. STATE-William M. Evarts, N. Y., Mar. 12, 1877. SEC. TREASURY-John Sherman, Ohio, Mar. 8, 1877. SEC. WAR-George W. McCrary, Iowa, Mar. 12, 1877; Alex. Ramsey, Minn., Dec. 10, 1879. SEC. NAVY-R. W. Thompson, Ind., Mar. 12, 1877; Nathan Goff, jr., W. Va., Jan. 6, 1881. POST'R-GEN. David M. Key, Tenn., Mar. 12, 1877; Horace Maynard, Tenn., June 2, 1880. ATT'Y-GEN.-Charles Devens, Mass., Mar. 12, 1877. SEC. INTERIOR-Carl Schurz, Mo., Mar. 12, 1877. PRESIDENT-James A. Garfield, Ohio, Mar. 4, 1881, to Sept. 19, 1881. V.-PRES'T Chester A. Arthur, N. Y. SEC. STATE-James G. Blaine, Me., Mar. 5, 1881. SEC. TREASURY-William Windom, Minn., Mar. 5, 1881. SEC. WAR-Robert T. Lincoln, Ill., Mar. 5, 1881. SEC. NAVY-William H. Hunt, La., Mar. 5, 1881. POST'R-GEN.-Thomas L. James, N. Y., Mar. 5, 1881. ATT'Y-GEN.-Wayne MacVeagh, Penn., Mar. 5, 1881. SEC. INTERIOR-Samuel J. Kirkwood, Iowa, Mar. 5, 1881. PRESIDENT-Chester A. Arthur, N. Y., Sept. 20, 1881, to Mar. 4, 1885. V.-PRES'T†T. F. Bayard, David Davis, †G. F. Edmunds. SEC. STATE-F. T. Frelinghuysen, N. J., Dec. 12, 1881. SEC. TREASURY-Charles J. Folger, N. Y., Oct. 27, 1881; Walter Q. Gresham, Ind., Sept. 24, 1881; Hugh McCulloch, Ind., Oct. 28, 1884. SEC. WAR-*Robert T. Lincoln, continued. SEC. NAVY-William E. Chandler, N. H., April 12, 1882. POST' R-GEN.-Thomas L. James, reappointed, Oct. 27, 1881; Timothy O. Howe, Wis., Dec. 20, 1881; Walter Q. Gresham, Ind., April 3, 1883;

Frank Hatton, Iowa, Oct. 14, 1884. ATTY-GEN.-Benj. H. Brewster, Penn., Dec. 19, 1881. SEC. INTERIOR-Henry M. Teller, Col., April 6, 1882. PRESIDENT-Grover Cleveland, N. Y., Mar. 4, 1885, to Mar. 4, 1899. V.-PRES'TThomas A. Hendricks, Ind., died; †John Sherman, †J. J. Ingalls. SEC. STATEThomas F. Bayard, Del., Mar. 6, 1885. SEC. TREASURY-Daniel Manning, N. Y., Mar. 6, 1885, died; Charles S. Fairchild, N. Y., April 1, 1887. SEC. WAR-William C. Endicott, Mass., Mar. 6, 1885. SEC. NAVY-William C. Whitney, N. Y., Mar. 6, 1885. PÓST'R-GEN.-William F. Vilas, Wis., Mar. 6, 1885; Don M. Dickinson, Mich., Jan. 16, 1888. ATT'Y-GEN.-Augustus H. Garland, Ark., Mar. 6, 1885. SEC. INTERIOR-Lucius Q. C. Lamar, Miss., Mar. 6, 1885; William F. Vilas, Jan. 16, 1888. PRESIDENT-Benjamin Harrigon, Ind., Mar. 4, 1889, to Mar. 4, 1893. V.-PRES'TLevi P. Morton, N. Y. SEC. STATE-James G. Blaine, Me., Mar. 5, 1889; J. W. Foster, Ind., June 29, 1892, resigned; W. F. Wharton, Acting, Feb. 24, 1893. SEC. TREASURY-William Windom, Minn., Mar. 5, 1889; Charles Foster, Ohio, Feb. 24, 1891. SEC. WAR-Redfield Proctor, Vt., Mar. 5, 1889; Stephen B. Elkins, W. Va., Dec. 22. 1891. SEC. NAVY-Beniamin F. Tracy. N. Y.. Mar. 5, 1889. POST'RGEN.-John Wanamaker, Penn., Mar. 5, 1889. ATT'Y-GEN.-Wm. H. H. Miller, Ind., Mar. 5, 1889. SEC. INTERIOR-John W. Noble, Mo., Mar. 5, 1889. PRESIDENT-Grover Cleveland, N. Y., Mar. 4, 1893, to Mar. 4, 1897. V.-PRES'TAdlai E. Stevenson, Ill. SEC. STATE-Walter Q. Gresham, Ill., Mar. 6, 1893, died; E. F. Uhl, Mich., ad interim, May 28, 1895; Richard Olney, Mass., June 8, 1895. SEC. TREASURY-John G. Carlisle, Ky., Mar. 6, 1893. SEC. WAR-Daniel S. Lamont, N. Y., Mar. 6, 1893. SEC. NAVY-Hilary A. Herbert, Ala., Mar. 6, 1893. POST'R-GEN.-Wilson S. Bissell, N. Y., Mar. 6, 1893. ATT'Y-GEN.-Richard Olney, Mass., Mar. 6, 1893; Judson Harmon, Ohio, June 8, 1895. SEC. INTERIORHoke Smith, Ga., Mar. 6, 1893; David R. Francis, Mo., Sept. 3, 1896. PRESIDENT-William McKinley, Ohio, Mar. 4, 1897, to

V.-PRES'T-Garret A. Hobart, N. J. SEC. STATE-John Sherman, Ohio, Mar. 6, 1897, retired; Wm. R. Day, Ohio, April 26, 1898, retired; A. A. Adee, D. C., Sept. 17, 1898, retired, assistant; John Hay, D. C., Sept. 20, 1898. SEC. TREASURY-Lyman J. Gage, Ill., Mar. 5, 1897. SEC. WAR-Russell A. Alger, Mich., Mar. 5, 1897. SEC. NAVYJohn D. Long, Mass., Mar. 5, 1897. POST'R-GEN.-James A. Gary, Md., Mar. 5, 1897; Charles Emory Smith, Penn., April 21, 1898. ATT'Y-GEN.-Joseph McKenna, Cal., Mar. 5, 1897; John W. Griggs, N. J., Jan. 31, 1898. SEC. INTERIORCornelius N. Bliss, N. Y., Mar. 5, 1897: Ethan Allen Hitchcock, Mo., Dec. 21, 1898. PRESIDENTS OF THE CONTINENTAL CONGRESS-Peyton Randolph, Va., Sept. 5, 1774; Henry Middleton, S. C., Oct, 22, 1774; John Hancock, Mass., May 24, 1775; Henry Laurens, S. C., Nov. 1, 1777; John Jay, N. Y., Dec. 10, 1778; Samuel Huntington, Conn., Sept. 28, 1779; Thomas McKean, Del., July 10, 1781; John Hanson, Md., Nov. 5, 1781; Elias Boudinot, N. J., Nov., 1782; Thomas Mifflin, Penn., Nov. 3, 1783; Richard Henry Lee. Va., Nov. 30, 1784; Nathaniel Gorham, Mass., June 6, 1786; Arthur St. Clair, Penn., Feb. 2, 1787; Cyrus Griffin, Va., Jan. 22, 1788. SECRETARY OF AGRICULTURE-Norman J. Colman, Mo., Feb. 13, 1889; Jeremiah M. Rusk, Wis., Mar. 5, 1889; Julius Sterling Morton, Neb., Mar. 6, 1893; James Wilson, Iowa, Mar. 5, 1897.

CHIEF JUSTICES OF SUPREME COURT-John Jay, N. Y., Sept. 26, 1789; John Rutledge, S. C., July 1, 1795; Oliver Elsworth, Conn., Mar. 4, 1796; John Marshall, Va., Jan. 31, 1801; Roger B. Taney, Md., Mar. 15, 1836; Salmon P. Chase, Ohio, Dec. 6, 1864; Morrison R, Waite, Ohio, Jan. 21, 1874; Melville W. Fuller, Ill., July 20, 1888.

UNITED STATES SENATORS.

On April 24, 1900, the Senate refused by a vote of 33 to 32 to accept as valid the recess appointment credentials offered by M. S. Quay, of Pennsylvania. The Pennsylvania Legislature at its regular session of the winter before had failed to elect a United States Senator to fill the vacancy caused by the expiration of Mr. Quay's term on March 3, 1899. The Legislature remained in deadlock from January 17 to April 19, 1899. On April 21, the day after its adjournment, Governor Stone appointed Mr. Quay to serve until the next regular meeting of the Legislature in January, 1901, ignoring that clause in the State' constitution which directs the Governor to call the Legislature together in special session whenever a vacancy occurs in the State's representation in the upper branch of Congress. The Governor's right to appoint under Clause 2, Section 3, Article 1, of the Federal Constitution was debated at great length in the Senate, and the vote, though influenced to a marked extent by extraneous considerations, confirmed the view of recess appointments previously taken by the Senate in the settlement of the Mantle and Corbett cases. As a result of Mr. Quay's defeat no recess appointment certificates were issued by the Governors of Delaware and Utah, where vacancies, similarly occasioned, existed.

ALABAMA.-On November 15 the Dem-in caucus indorsed Mr. Morgan's candiocratic members of the two branches of dacy. On November 27 he was elected by the Alabama Legislature unanimously re- a unanimous vote in each House for the nominated John T. Morgan to succeed six year term, beginning March 4, 1901. himself as United States Senator. The ten CALIFORNIA.-The Legislature having opposition members in the Legislature also failed at the regular session of 1899 to

*No record of commission in Department of State. †President pro tempore of the Senate.