User's Guide to Natural Gas TechnologiesF. William Payne Compiled & Edited by F. William Payne. Natural gas technologies that were new five years ago have now been tested in the real world. This book describes some of these important technologies, covering both new engineering concepts and new products which have emerged, as well as important innovations to existing technologies. Many of the chapters include economic analyses which identify the resulting cost savings. Specific areas of development addressed include gas cooling, chillers, desiccant technologies, cogeneration, heating systems, and other natural gas technologies. |
Contents
Chapter 15 | 217 |
Chapter 17 | 231 |
Sterling Engines for GasFired MicroCogen and Cooling | 283 |
Chapter 20 | 301 |
Chapter 21 | 333 |
Chapter 23 | 345 |
Chapter 24 | 355 |
OTHER NATURAL GAS TECHNOLOGIES | 389 |
Part 3 | 129 |
Chapter 11 | 151 |
Chapter 12 | 167 |
Chapter 13 | 181 |
Chapter 14 | 203 |
Economic Analysis of Gas Engine Driven Air Compressors | 413 |
Chapter 28 | 433 |
Chapter 30 | 459 |
Index | 479 |
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Common terms and phrases
absorber absorption chillers absorption cooling air conditioning air stream analysis applications ASHRAE Atlanta boiler burner capacity centrifugal chiller Chicago chilled water chiller plant cogeneration unit condenser cooling coil cooling load cooling systems cooling tower cycle demand charges desiccant dehumidification desiccant system desiccant unit desiccant wheel dew point direct fired absorption efficiency electric chiller electric prices energy cost evaporative cooler exhaust air Figure Fort Sam Houston free-piston fuel gas cooling gas-fired heat exchanger heater hot water HVAC HVAC system hybrid indirect evaporative indoor latent lithium lithium bromide lower machine manufacturers moisture natural gas operating costs peak shaving Phoenix post-cooling process air pumps reduced refrigerant regeneration relative humidity sensible heat silica gel Simple Payback solution steam Stirling Stirling engine storage supply air tank temperature thermal THERMS tion tons Total Type 1M utility vapor pressure
Popular passages
Page 216 - Investigation of co-sorption of gases and vapors as a means to enhance indoor air quality.
Page 152 - ... generally flows from high pressure to low pressure. This air movement is called wind. Wind direction is identified by using a weather vane. Wind velocity is measured by an anemometer. Humidity The sun's energy evaporates the oceans' water, producing vapor. Humidity is the amount of water vapor in air. Relative humidity is the amount of moisture in the air compared to the maximum amount it can hold at that temperature. Relative humidity is measured by means of a hygrometer consisting of a wet-and-dry...
Page 308 - The ventilation rates used in the energy analysis are in accordance with ASHRAE Standard 62-1989: Ventilation for Acceptable Indoor Air Quality.
Page 20 - ... condition of the air leaving the first stage. The indirect evaporative cooling stage may be any of the types described in the previous paragraphs. Figure 8 shows a system using a rotary heat wheel. The secondary air may be exhaust air from the conditioned space or outdoor air. When the secondary air passes through the evaporative cooler, the dry-bulb temperature is lowered by evaporative cooling. As this air passes through the heat wheel, the mass of the media is cooled to a temperature approaching...
Page 356 - The unit was installed at a single residence at Fort Sam Houston, a US Army base in San Antonio, Texas, and the performance was monitored under the NTDP. Participating in this effort under a Cooperative Research and Development Agreement (CRADA) were York International, the heat pump manufacturer, Gas Research Institute (GRI), the technology developer; City Public Service of San Antonio, the local utility; American Gas Cooling Center (AGCC); Fort Sam Houston; and PNL.
Page 305 - Use of a common storage tank for both the weak- and concentrated desiccant solutions can also be employed. To accomplish this, the vapor pressure of the mixed desiccant solution in the combined storage must be maintained within a proper range at all times for any given desiccant conditioner. Under these circumstances, however, the temperature of the supplied coolant must be capable of accommodating minor concentration variations without affecting its latent removal performance. This assumes that...
Page 189 - The wheel motor, reactivation heater coil, and both humidifiers (direct evaporative coolers) and their pumps are, of course, turned off. The unit can be operated in several intermediate modes. One such mode is to operate the unit as an evaporative cooler. Only the supply air humidifier and the indirect evaporative cooler (return air humidifier and air-to-air heat exchanger) are operated, no dehumidifying is done, and no gas is consumed. Another mode is to cool with outside air only, or with a mixture...
Page 17 - It ti the responsibility of the HVAC system designer to select systems capable of satisfying occupant IAQ needs by keeping the concentrations of indoor air contaminants and energy consumption within acceptable levels. These goals must be accomplished in accordance with ASHRAE Standard 62-1989. which specifies minimum ventilation air rates and IAQ acceptable for human occupancy to avoid advene health effects. According to the standard, acceptable IAQ involves air in which there are no known contaminants...
Page 189 - Hot, dry air emerges from the other side of the wheel. This air is then cooled by an air-to-air heat exchanger, the other air stream being evaporatively cooled return air. Finally, the air is cooled even further by a direct evaporative cooler. The resulting supply air is then ducted to the zones.
Page 152 - ... is the amount of moisture in the air compared to the maximum amount the air can hold AT THAT DRY BULB TEMPERATURE. It is expressed as a percent of the maximum water content at the specified temperature. As the name implies, this is a RELATIVE measure, not an absolute amount, because maximum humidity varies with temperature — warm air can hold more moisture than cold air. The vapor pressure is the pressure exerted by the water molecules in the air, more molecules, more vapor pressure. Vapor...